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§ 51.3416 Classification of defects.

7 CFR 51.3416

  1. CFR
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  3. Title 7
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  5. Subtitle B
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  7. Chapter I
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  9. Part 51
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  11. Subpart JJ
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  13. 7 CFR 51.3416
Citation7 CFR 51.3416
CorpusDaily eCFR
Displayed edition2026-04-15
Last updated2026-04-15

§ 51.3416 Classification of defects.

External Defects

DefectsMaximum allowed for U.S. No. 1 processingMaximum allowed for U.S. No. 2 processing
Air cracks5% waste10% waste.
Blackleg5% waste10% waste.
Bruises5% waste10% waste
CutsSmooth, not more than 10% of surfaceSmooth, not more than 1⁄3 of surface.
Enlarged lenticels, discolored or sunken5% waste10% waste.
Flea Beetle5% waste10% waste
Folded end5% waste10% waste.
Fusarium tuber rot5% waste10% waste.
Grass, wireworm5% waste10% waste.
Greening, light5% waste10% waste.
Growth cracksSee Footnote No. 210% waste.
Grub5% waste10% waste.
Ingrown sprouts5% waste10% waste.
Nematodes5% waste10% waste.
Rhizoctonia, solid or thick moundedNot more than 10% of surfaceNot more than 25% of surface.
Rodent, bird damage5% waste10% waste.
Scab, pitted5% waste10% waste.
Scab, russet25% of surface or 5% waste50% of surface or 10% waste.
Scab, surface25% of surface or 5% waste50% of surface or 10% waste.
Scab, surface (elephant hide).10% of surface or 5% waste25% of surface or 10% waste.
Second growth5% waste10% waste.
Scaling, surface cracks—when cracked, thick and has depth10% of surface or 5% waste25% of surface or 10% waste.
Sunburn5% waste10% waste.
Sunken discolored areas5% waste10% waste.

Internal Defects

DefectsMaximum allowed for U.S. No. 1 processingMaximum allowed for U.S. No. 2 processing
Occurring outside of or not entirely confined to the vascular ring
Internal Black Spot, Internal Discoloration, Vascular Browning, Fusarium Wilt, Net Necrosis, Other Necrosis, Stem End Browning5% waste10% waste.
Occurring entirely within the vascular ring
Hollow Heart or Hollow Heart with DiscolorationArea affected not to exceed that of a circle 7⁄8 inch in diameter in a 10 ounce potato. 1Area affected not to exceed that of a circle 11⁄4 inches in diameter in a 10 ounce potato. 1
Light Brown Discoloration (Brown Center)Area affected not to exceed that of a circle 7⁄8 inch in diameter in a 10 ounce potato. 1Area affected not to exceed that of a circle 11⁄4 inches in diameter in a 10 ounce potato. 1
Internal Brown Spot and similar discoloration (Heat Necrosis)Not more than the equivalent of 3 scattered spots 1⁄8 inch in diameter in a potato 6 ounces in weight or 21⁄2 inches in diameter, or correspondingly lesser or greater number of spots in smaller or larger potatoesNot more than the equivalent of 6 scattered spots 1⁄8 inch in diameter in a potato 6 ounces in weight or 21⁄2 inches in diameter or correspondingly lesser or greater number of spots in smaller or larger potatoes.
1 Note: Or correspondingly lesser or greater areas in smaller or larger potatoes.