Appendix A to Part 173 [Reserved]
49:2.1.1.3.10.12.25.1.7 : Appendix A
Appendix A to Part 173 [Reserved]
Appendix B to Part 173 - Procedure for Testing Chemical Compatibility and Rate of Permeation in Plastic Packaging and Receptacles
49:2.1.1.3.10.12.25.1.8 : Appendix B
Appendix B to Part 173 - Procedure for Testing Chemical
Compatibility and Rate of Permeation in Plastic Packaging and
Receptacles
1. The purpose of this procedure is to determine the chemical
compatibility and permeability of liquid hazardous materials
packaged in plastic packaging and receptacles. Alternatives for
this procedure are permitted as specified in § 173.24(e)(3)(iii) of
this subchapter.
2. Compatibility and rate of permeation are determined by
subjecting full size plastic containers (or smaller containers as
permitted in paragraph 4 of this appendix) and hazardous material
lading to one of the following combinations of time and
temperature:
a. Test Method 1: 180 days at a temperature no lower than 18 °C.
(64 °F.)
b. Test Method 2: 28 days at a temperature no lower than 50 °C.
(122 °F.)
c. Test Method 3: 14 days at a temperature no lower than 60 °C.
(140 °F.)
3. Regardless of which test method is used, at least three
sample containers shall be tested for each combination of hazardous
material and size and design of container. Fill containers to rated
capacity with the specific hazardous material (at the concentration
to be transported) and close as for shipment. For the first and
last 24 hours of storage under the selected test method, place the
containers with closures downward, except that containers fitted
with a vent are so placed on each occasion for five minutes
only.
4. For testing under Test Method 2 or 3 in those instances where
it is not practicable to use full size containers, smaller
containers may be used. The small container shall be manufactured
by the same process as the larger container (for example, using the
same method of molding and processing temperatures) and be made of
identical resins, pigments and additives.
5. Determine filled container weight or net weight of contents
both before and after storage under the selected test method. Rate
of permeation is determined from loss of hazardous materials
contents, during the conduct of the test, expressed as a percentage
of the original weight.
6. After storage under the selected test method, the container
shall be drained, rinsed, filled to rated capacity with water and,
with filled container at ambient temperature, dropped from a height
determined in accordance with § 178.603(e) of this subchapter onto
a rigid non-resilient, flat and horizontal surface.
7. Each of the following constitute test failure:
a. Visible evidence of permanent deformation due to vapor
pressure build-up or collapse of walls, deterioration, swelling,
crazing, cracking, excessive corrosion, oxidization, embrittlement,
leakage, rupture or other defects likely to cause premature failure
or a hazardous condition.
b. For materials meeting the definition of a poison according to
this subchapter, a rate of permeation in excess of 0.5% determined
over the test period. For all other hazardous materials, a rate of
permeation in excess of 2.0% determined over the test period.
[Amdt. 173-176, 49 FR 24691, June 14, 1984, as amended by Amdt.
173-224, 55 FR 52670 Dec. 21, 1990; 56 FR 66279, Dec. 20, 1991;
Amdt. 173-234, 58 FR 51533, Oct. 1, 1993; 66 FR 45379, Aug. 28,
2001]
Appendix C to Part 173 - Procedure for Base-level Vibration Testing
49:2.1.1.3.10.12.25.1.9 : Appendix C
Appendix C to Part 173 - Procedure for Base-level Vibration Testing
Base-level vibration testing shall be conducted as follows:
1. Three sample packagings, selected at random, must be filled
and closed as for shipment. A non-hazardous material may be used in
place of the hazardous material if it has essentially the same
physical characteristics.
2. The three packages must be placed on a vibrating platform
that has a vertical double-amplitude (peak-to-peak displacement) of
one inch. The packages should be constrained horizontally to
prevent them from falling off the platform, but must be left free
to move vertically, bounce and rotate.
3. The test must be performed continuously for one hour at a
frequency that causes each package to be raised from the vibrating
platform to such a degree that a piece of material of approximately
1.6 mm (0.063 inch) thickness (such as steel strapping or
paperboard) can be passed between the bottom of any package and the
platform.
4. Immediately following the period of vibration, each package
shall be removed from the platform, turned on its side and observed
for any evidence of leakage.
5. Rupture or leakage from any of the packages constitutes
failure of the test.
[Amdt. 173-224, 55 FR 52671, Dec. 21, 1990]
Appendix D to Part 173 - Test Methods for Dynamite (Explosive, Blasting, Type A)
49:2.1.1.3.10.12.25.1.10 : Appendix D
Appendix D to Part 173 - Test Methods for Dynamite (Explosive,
Blasting, Type A) 1. Test method D-1 - Leakage Test
A wooden stick, 114 mm (4.5 inches) long and 4.8 mm (0.2 inch)
inch in diameter, with a sharpened end is used to punch 5 holes in
one end of the wrapper of a dynamite cartridge. A cork stopper is
placed on the bottom of a glass volumetric cylinder. The dynamite
cartridge is placed, perforated end down, resting on the cork
stopper in the cylinder. The entire assembly is placed in an oven
at 38 °C (100 °F) for 48 hours and then examined visually for
evidence of leakage.
2. Test method D-2
- Centrifugal Exudation Test
The test apparatus consists of a glass tube, 135 mm (5.3 inches)
long and one inch in diameter, with both ends open, and is
assembled in the following manner:
(a) Close the bottom with a plastic plug of diameter equal to
the inner diameter of the glass tube;
(b) Place a small amount of absorbent cotton on top of the
plug;
(c) Place a plastic disk that matches the inner diameter to the
glass tube and has seven small perforations on top of the cotton;
and
(d) Place 10 g (0.35 ounce) of the dynamite sample on top of the
disk.
The assembled glass tube is then placed in a hand-operated
centrifuge and spun for one minute at 600 rpm (revolutions per
minute). The dynamite sample is then removed from the glass tube
and weighed to determine the percent of weight loss. 3. Test method
D-3 -
Compression Exudation Test
The entire apparatus for this test is shown in Figure 1 of this
appendix. The test is conducted using the following procedures:
(a) A glass tube, 135 mm (5.3 inches) long and one inch in
diameter, is held on a wooden base;
(b) A small amount of absorbent cotton is placed into the bottom
of the glass tube;
(c) Ten g (0.35 ounce) of dynamite sample are placed on top of
the cotton in the glass tube;
(d) A small amount of absorbent cotton is placed on top of the
dynamite sample;
(e) A plastic disk that matches the inner diameter of the glass
tube and has seven small perforations is placed on top of the
cotton;
(f) A plastic plug matching the inner diameter of the glass tube
is then placed on top of the disk;
(g) The glass tube assembly is placed under the compression rod,
and compression is applied by means of the weight on the metal
lever rod. The sample is compressed for one minute; and
(h) The dynamite sample is then removed from the glass tube and
weighed to determine the percent of weight loss.
Appendixes E-G to Part 173 [Reserved]
49:2.1.1.3.10.12.25.1.11 :
Appendixes E-G to Part 173 [Reserved]
Appendix H to Part 173 - Method of Testing for Sustained Combustibility
49:2.1.1.3.10.12.25.1.12 : Appendix H
Appendix H to Part 173 - Method of Testing for Sustained
Combustibility 1. Method
The method describes a procedure for determining if the material
when heated under the test conditions and exposed to an external
source of flame applied in a standard manner sustains
combustion.
2. Principle of the method
A metal block with a concave depression (test portion well) is
heated to a specified temperature. A specified volume of the
material under test is transferred to the well, and its ability to
sustain combustion is noted after application and subsequent
removal of a standard flame under specified conditions.
3. Apparatus
A combustibility tester consisting of a block of aluminum alloy
or other corrosion-resistant metal of high thermal conductivity is
used. The block has a concave well and a pocket drilled to take a
thermometer. A small gas jet assembly on a swivel is attached to
the block. The handle and gas inlet for the gas jet may be fitted
at any convenient angle to the gas jet. A suitable apparatus is
shown in Figure 32.5.2.1 of the UN Manual of Test and Criteria
(IBR, see (171.7 of this subchapter), and the essential dimensions
are given in Figures 32.5.2.1 and 32.5.2.2 of the UN Manual and
Tests and Criteria. The following equipment is needed:
(a) Gauge, for checking that the height of the center of
the gas jet above the top of the test portion well is 2.2 mm
(see Figure 32.5.2.1);
(b) Thermometer, mercury in glass, for horizontal
operation, with a sensitivity not less than 1 mm/ °C, or other
measuring device of equivalent sensitivity permitting reading at
0.5 °C intervals. When in position in the block, the thermometer
bulb must be surrounded with thermally conducting thermoplastic
compound;
(c) Hotplate, fitted with a temperature-control device.
(Other types of apparatus with suitable temperature-control
facilities may be employed to heat the metal block);
(d) Stopwatch, or other suitable timing device;
(e) Syringe, capable of delivering 2 mL to an accuracy of
±0.1 mL; and
(f) Fuel source, butane test fuel.
4. Sampling
The sample must be representative of the material to be tested
and must be supplied and kept in a tightly closed container prior
to test. Because of the possibility of loss of volatile
constituents, the sample must receive only the minimum treatment
necessary to ensure its homogeneity. After removing each test
portion, the sample container must be immediately closed tightly to
ensure that no volatile components escape from the container; if
this closure is incomplete, an entirely new sample must be
taken.
5. Procedure
Carry out the determination in triplicate.
WARNING - Do not carry out the test in a small confined area
(for example a glove box) because of the hazard of explosions.
(a) It is essential that the apparatus be set up in a completely
draft-free area (see warning) and in the absence of strong light to
facilitate observation of flash, flame, etc.
(b) Place the metal block on the hotplate or heat the metal
block by other suitable means so that its temperature, as indicated
by the thermometer placed in the metal block, is maintained at the
specified temperature within a tolerance of ±1 °C. For the
appropriate test temperature, see paragraph 5.(h) of this appendix.
Correct this temperature for the difference in barometric pressure
from the standard atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa) by raising the
test temperature for a higher pressure or lowering the test
temperature for a lower pressure by 1.0 °C for each 4 kPa
difference. Ensure that the top of the metal block is exactly
horizontal. Use the gauge to check that the jet is 2.2 mm above the
top of the well when in the test position.
(c) Light the butane test fuel with the jet away from the test
position (i.e. in the “off” position, away from the well). Adjust
the size of the flame so that it is 8 mm to 9 mm high and
approximately 5 mm wide.
(d) Using the syringe, take from the sample container at least 2
mL of the sample and rapidly transfer a test portion of 2 mL ±0.1
mL to the well of the combustibility tester and immediately start
the timing device.
(e) After a heating time of 60 seconds (s), by which time the
test portion is deemed to have reached its equilibrium temperature,
and if the test fluid has not ignited, swing the test flame into
the test position over the edge of the pool of liquid. Maintain it
in this position for 15 s and then return it to the “off” position
while observing the behavior of the test portion. The test flame
must remain lighted throughout the test.
(f) For each test observe and record:
(i) whether there is ignition and sustained combustion or
flashing, or neither, of the test portion before the test flame is
moved into the test position;
(ii) whether the test portion ignites while the test flame is in
the test position, and, if so, how long combustion is sustained
after the test flame is returned to the “off” position.
(g) If sustained combustion interpreted in accordance with
paragraph 6. of this appendix is not found, repeat the complete
procedure with new test portions, but with a heating time of 30
s.
(h) If sustained combustion interpreted in accordance with
paragraph 6. of this appendix is not found at a test temperature of
60 °C (140 °F), repeat the complete procedure with new test
portions, but at a test temperature of 75 °C (167 °F). In the case
of a material which has a flash point above 60 °C (140 °F) and
below 93 °C (200 °F), if sustained combustion interpreted in
accordance with paragraph 6. of this appendix is not found at a
test temperature of 5 °C (9 °F) above its flash point, repeat the
complete procedure with new test portions, but at a test
temperature of 20 °C (36 °F) above its flash point.
6. Interpretation of observations
The material must be assessed either as not sustaining
combustion or as sustaining combustion. Sustained combustion must
be reported at either of the heating times if one of the following
occurs with either of the test portions:
(a) When the test flame is in the “off” position, the test
portion ignites and sustains combustion;
(b) The test portion ignites while the test flame is in the test
position for 15 s, and sustains combustion for more than 15 s after
the test flame has been returned to the “off” position.
Note to paragraph 6 of this appendix:
Intermittent flashing may not be interpreted as sustained
combustion. Normally, at the end of 15 s, the combustion has either
clearly ceased or continues. In cases of doubt, the material must
be deemed to sustain combustion.
[Amdt. 173-241, 59 FR 67517, Dec. 29, 1994, as amended by Amdt.
173-255, 61 FR 50627, Sept. 26, 1996; 66 FR 45381, Aug. 28, 2001;
68 FR 75747, Dec. 31, 2003; 69 FR 76179, Dec. 20, 2004; 71 FR
78634, Dec. 29, 2006]
Appendix I to Part 173 - Calculation Method
49:2.1.1.3.10.12.25.1.13 : Appendix I
Appendix I to Part 173 - Calculation Method
[85 FR 27897, May
11, 2020]