Title 40

SECTION 270.66

270.66 Permits for boilers and industrial furnaces burning hazardous waste.

§ 270.66 Permits for boilers and industrial furnaces burning hazardous waste.

When an owner or operator of a cement kiln, lightweight aggregate kiln, solid fuel boiler, liquid fuel boiler, or hydrochloric acid production furnace becomes subject to RCRA permit requirements after October 12, 2005 or when an owner or operator of an existing cement kiln, lightweight aggregate kiln, solid fuel boiler, liquid fuel boiler, or hydrochloric acid production furnace demonstrates compliance with the air emission standards and limitations in part 63, subpart EEE, of this chapter (i.e., by conducting a comprehensive performance test and submitting a Notification of Compliance under §§ 63.1207(j) and 63.1210(d) of this chapter documenting compliance with all applicable requirements of part 63, subpart EEE, of this chapter), the requirements of this section do not apply. The requirements of this section do apply, however, if the Director determines certain provisions are necessary to ensure compliance with §§ 266.102(e)(1) and 266.102(e)(2)(iii) of this chapter if you elect to comply with § 270.235(a)(1)(i) to minimize emissions of toxic compounds from startup, shutdown, and malfunction events; or if you are an area source and elect to comply with the §§ 266.105, 266.106, and 266.107 standards and associated requirements for particulate matter, hydrogen chloride and chlorine gas, and non-mercury metals; or the Director determines certain provisions apply, on a case-by-case basis, for purposes of information collection in accordance with §§ 270.10(k), 270.10(l), 270.32(b)(2), and 270.32(b)(3).

(a) General. Owners and operators of new boilers and industrial furnaces (those not operating under the interim status standards of § 266.103 of this chapter) are subject to paragraphs (b) through (f) of this section. Boilers and industrial furnaces operating under the interim status standards of § 266.103 of this chapter are subject to paragraph (g) of this section.

(b) Permit operating periods for new boilers and industrial furnaces. A permit for a new boiler or industrial furnace shall specify appropriate conditions for the following operating periods:

(1) Pretrial burn period. For the period beginning with initial introduction of hazardous waste and ending with initiation of the trial burn, and only for the minimum time required to bring the boiler or industrial furnace to a point of operational readiness to conduct a trial burn, not to exceed 720 hours operating time when burning hazardous waste, the Director must establish in the Pretrial Burn Period of the permit conditions, including but not limited to, allowable hazardous waste feed rates and operating conditions. The Director may extend the duration of this operational period once, for up to 720 additional hours, at the request of the applicant when good cause is shown. The permit may be modified to reflect the extension according to § 270.42.

(i) Applicants must submit a statement, with part B of the permit application, that suggests the conditions necessary to operate in compliance with the standards of §§ 266.104 through 266.107 of this chapter during this period. This statement should include, at a minimum, restrictions on the applicable operating requirements identified in § 266.102(e) of this chapter.

(ii) The Director will review this statement and any other relevant information submitted with part B of the permit application and specify requirements for this period sufficient to meet the performance standards of §§ 266.104 through 266.107 of this chapter based on his/her engineering judgment.

(2) Trial burn period. For the duration of the trial burn, the Director must establish conditions in the permit for the purposes of determining feasibility of compliance with the performance standards of §§ 266.104 through 266.107 of this chapter and determining adequate operating conditions under § 266.102(e) of this chapter. Applicants must propose a trial burn plan, prepared under paragraph (c) of this section, to be submitted with part B of the permit application.

(3) Post-trial burn period. (i) For the period immediately following completion of the trial burn, and only for the minimum period sufficient to allow sample analysis, data computation, and submission of the trial burn results by the applicant, and review of the trial burn results and modification of the facility permit by the Director to reflect the trial burn results, the Director will establish the operating requirements most likely to ensure compliance with the performance standards of §§ 266.104 through 266.107 of this chapter based on his engineering judgment.

(ii) Applicants must submit a statement, with part B of the application, that identifies the conditions necessary to operate during this period in compliance with the performance standards of §§ 266.104 through 266.107 of this chapter. This statement should include, at a minimum, restrictions on the operating requirements provided by § 266.102(e) of this chapter.

(iii) The Director will review this statement and any other relevant information submitted with part B of the permit application and specify requirements for this period sufficient to meet the performance standards of §§ 266.104 through 266.107 of this chapter based on his/her engineering judgment.

(4) Final permit period. For the final period of operation, the Director will develop operating requirements in conformance with § 266.102(e) of this chapter that reflect conditions in the trial burn plan and are likely to ensure compliance with the performance standards of §§ 266.104 through 266.107 of this chapter. Based on the trial burn results, the Director shall make any necessary modifications to the operating requirements to ensure compliance with the performance standards. The permit modification shall proceed according to § 270.42.

(c) Requirements for trial burn plans. The trial burn plan must include the following information. The Director, in reviewing the trial burn plan, shall evaluate the sufficiency of the information provided and may require the applicant to supplement this information, if necessary, to achieve the purposes of this paragraph:

(1) An analysis of each feed stream, including hazardous waste, other fuels, and industrial furnace feed stocks, as fired, that includes:

(i) Heating value, levels of antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, silver, thallium, total chlorine/chloride, and ash;

(ii) Viscosity or description of the physical form of the feed stream;

(2) An analysis of each hazardous waste, as fired, including:

(i) An identification of any hazardous organic constituents listed in appendix VIII, part 261, of this chapter that are present in the feed stream, except that the applicant need not analyze for constituents listed in appendix VIII that would reasonably not be expected to be found in the hazardous waste. The constituents excluded from analysis must be identified and the basis for this exclusion explained. The waste analysis must be conducted in accordance with appropriate analytical techniques.

(ii) An approximate quantification of the hazardous constituents identified in the hazardous waste, within the precision produced by appropriate analytical methods.

(iii) A description of blending procedures, if applicable, prior to firing the hazardous waste, including a detailed analysis of the hazardous waste prior to blending, an analysis of the material with which the hazardous waste is blended, and blending ratios.

(3) A detailed engineering description of the boiler or industrial furnace, including:

(i) Manufacturer's name and model number of the boiler or industrial furnace;

(ii) Type of boiler or industrial furnace;

(iii) Maximum design capacity in appropriate units;

(iv) Description of the feed system for the hazardous waste, and, as appropriate, other fuels and industrial furnace feedstocks;

(v) Capacity of hazardous waste feed system;

(vi) Description of automatic hazardous waste feed cutoff system(s);

(vii) Description of any air pollution control system; and

(viii) Description of stack gas monitoring and any pollution control monitoring systems.

(4) A detailed description of sampling and monitoring procedures including sampling and monitoring locations in the system, the equipment to be used, sampling and monitoring frequency, and planned analytical procedures for sample analysis.

(5) A detailed test schedule for each hazardous waste for which the trial burn is planned, including date(s), duration, quantity of hazardous waste to be burned, and other factors relevant to the Director's decision under paragraph (b)(2) of this section.

(6) A detailed test protocol, including, for each hazardous waste identified, the ranges of hazardous waste feed rate, and, as appropriate, the feed rates of other fuels and industrial furnace feedstocks, and any other relevant parameters that may affect the ability of the boiler or industrial furnace to meet the performance standards in §§ 266.104 through 266.107 of this chapter.

(7) A description of, and planned operating conditions for, any emission control equipment that will be used.

(8) Procedures for rapidly stopping the hazardous waste feed and controlling emissions in the event of an equipment malfunction.

(9) Such other information as the Director reasonably finds necessary to determine whether to approve the trial burn plan in light of the purposes of this paragraph and the criteria in paragraph (b)(2) of this section.

(d) Trial burn procedures. (1) A trial burn must be conducted to demonstrate conformance with the standards of §§ 266.104 through 266.107 of this chapter under an approved trial burn plan.

(2) The Director shall approve a trial burn plan if he/she finds that:

(i) The trial burn is likely to determine whether the boiler or industrial furnace can meet the performance standards of §§ 266.104 through 266.107 of this chapter;

(ii) The trial burn itself will not present an imminent hazard to human health and the environment;

(iii) The trial burn will help the Director to determine operating requirements to be specified under § 266.102(e) of this chapter; and

(iv) The information sought in the trial burn cannot reasonably be developed through other means.

(3) The Director must send a notice to all persons on the facility mailing list as set forth in 40 CFR 124.10(c)(1)(ix) and to the appropriate units of State and local government as set forth in 40 CFR 124.10(c)(1)(x) announcing the scheduled commencement and completion dates for the trial burn. The applicant may not commence the trial burn until after the Director has issued such notice.

(i) This notice must be mailed within a reasonable time period before the trial burn. An additional notice is not required if the trial burn is delayed due to circumstances beyond the control of the facility or the permitting agency.

(ii) This notice must contain:

(A) The name and telephone number of applicant's contact person;

(B) The name and telephone number of the permitting agency contact office;

(D) An expected time period for commencement and completion of the trial burn.

(4) The applicant must submit to the Director a certification that the trial burn has been carried out in accordance with the approved trial burn plan, and must submit the results of all the determinations required in paragraph (c) of this section. This submission shall be made within 90 days of completion of the trial burn, or later if approved by the Director.

(5) All data collected during any trial burn must be submitted to the Director following completion of the trial burn.

(6) All submissions required by this paragraph must be certified on behalf of the applicant by the signature of a person authorized to sign a permit application or a report under § 270.11.

(e) Special procedures for DRE trial burns. When a DRE trial burn is required under § 266.104(a) of this chapter, the Director will specify (based on the hazardous waste analysis data and other information in the trial burn plan) as trial Principal Organic Hazardous Constituents (POHCs) those compounds for which destruction and removal efficiencies must be calculated during the trial burn. These trial POHCs will be specified by the Director based on information including his/her estimate of the difficulty of destroying the constituents identified in the hazardous waste analysis, their concentrations or mass in the hazardous waste feed, and, for hazardous waste containing or derived from wastes listed in part 261, subpart D of this chapter, the hazardous waste organic constituent(s) identified in Appendix VII of that part as the basis for listing.

(f) Determinations based on trial burn. During each approved trial burn (or as soon after the burn as is practicable), the applicant must make the following determinations:

(1) A quantitative analysis of the levels of antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, thallium, silver, and chlorine/chloride, in the feed streams (hazardous waste, other fuels, and industrial furnace feedstocks);

(2) When a DRE trial burn is required under § 266.104(a) of this chapter:

(i) A quantitative analysis of the trial POHCs in the hazardous waste feed;

(ii) A quantitative analysis of the stack gas for the concentration and mass emissions of the trial POHCs; and

(iii) A computation of destruction and removal efficiency (DRE), in accordance with the DRE formula specified in § 266.104(a) of this chapter;

(3) When a trial burn for chlorinated dioxins and furans is required under § 266.104(e) of this chapter, a quantitative analysis of the stack gas for the concentration and mass emission rate of the 2,3,7,8-chlorinated tetra-octa congeners of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans, and a computation showing conformance with the emission standard;

(4) When a trial burn for particulate matter, metals, or HCl/Cl2 is required under §§ 266.105, 266.106 (c) or (d), or 266.107 (b)(2) or (c) of this chapter, a quantitative analysis of the stack gas for the concentrations and mass emissions of particulate matter, metals, or hydrogen chloride (HCl) and chlorine (Cl2), and computations showing conformance with the applicable emission performance standards;

(5) When a trial burn for DRE, metals, or HCl/Cl2 is required under §§ 266.104(a), 266.106 (c) or (d), or 266.107 (b)(2) or (c) of this chapter, a quantitative analysis of the scrubber water (if any), ash residues, other residues, and products for the purpose of estimating the fate of the trial POHCs, metals, and chlorine/chloride;

(6) An identification of sources of fugitive emissions and their means of control;

(7) A continuous measurement of carbon monoxide (CO), oxygen, and where required, hydrocarbons (HC), in the stack gas; and

(8) Such other information as the Director may specify as necessary to ensure that the trial burn will determine compliance with the performance standards in §§ 266.104 through 266.107 of this chapter and to establish the operating conditions required by § 266.102(e) of this chapter as necessary to meet those performance standards.

(g) Interim status boilers and industrial furnaces. For the purpose of determining feasibility of compliance with the performance standards of § 266.104 through 266.107 of this chapter and of determining adequate operating conditions under § 266.103 of this chapter, applicants owning or operating existing boilers or industrial furnaces operated under the interim status standards of § 266.103 of this chapter must either prepare and submit a trial burn plan and perform a trial burn in accordance with the requirements of this section or submit other information as specified in § 270.22(a)(6). The Director must announce his or her intention to approve of the trial burn plan in accordance with the timing and distribution requirements of paragraph (d)(3) of this section. The contents of the notice must include: the name and telephone number of a contact person at the facility; the name and telephone number of a contact office at the permitting agency; the location where the trial burn plan and any supporting documents can be reviewed and copied; and a schedule of the activities that are required prior to permit issuance, including the anticipated time schedule for agency approval of the plan and the time periods during which the trial burn would be conducted. Applicants who submit a trial burn plan and receive approval before submission of the part B permit application must complete the trial burn and submit the results specified in paragraph (f) of this section with the part B permit application. If completion of this process conflicts with the date set for submission of the part B application, the applicant must contact the Director to establish a later date for submission of the part B application or the trial burn results. If the applicant submits a trial burn plan with part B of the permit application, the trial burn must be conducted and the results submitted within a time period prior to permit issuance to be specified by the Director.

[56 FR 7239, Feb. 21, 1991; 56 FR 32692, July 17, 1991, as amended at 58 FR 46051, Aug. 31, 1993; 60 FR 63433, Dec. 11, 1995; 64 FR 53077, Sept. 30, 1999; 67 FR 77692, Dec. 19, 2002; 70 FR 34590, June 14, 2005; 70 FR 59578, Oct. 12, 2005]