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Table A-1 to Subpart A of Part 98—Global Warming Potentials, 100-Year Time Horizon

Global Warming Potentials, 100-Year Time Horizon

  1. CFR
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  3. Title 40
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  5. Chapter I
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  7. Part 98
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  9. Subpart A
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  11. Appendix Table A-1 to Subpart A of Part 98
CorpusDaily eCFR
Displayed edition2026-04-15
Last updated2026-04-15

Table A-1 to Subpart A of Part 98—Global Warming Potentials, 100-Year Time Horizon

Table A-1 to Subpart A of Part 98—Global Warming Potentials, 100-Year Time Horizon

NameCAS No.Chemical formulaGlobal

warming

potential

(100 yr.)
Chemical-Specific GWPs
Carbon dioxide124-38-9CO21
Methane74-82-8CH4ad 28
Nitrous oxide10024-97-2N2 Oad 265
Fully Fluorinated GHGs
Sulfur hexafluoride2551-62-4SF6ad 23,500
Trifluoromethyl sulphur pentafluoride373-80-8SF5 CF3d 17,400
Nitrogen trifluoride7783-54-2NF3d 16,100
PFC-14 (Perfluoromethane)75-73-0CF4ad 6,630
PFC-116 (Perfluoroethane)76-16-4C2 F6ad 11,100
PFC-218 (Perfluoropropane)76-19-7C3 F8ad 8,900
Perfluorocyclopropane931-91-9c-C3 F6d 9,200
PFC-3-1-10 (Perfluorobutane)355-25-9C4 F10ad 9,200
PFC-318 (Perfluorocyclobutane)115-25-3c-C4 F8ad 9,540
Perfluorotetrahydrofuran773-14-8c-C4 F8 Oe 13,900
PFC-4-1-12 (Perfluoropentane)678-26-2C5 F12ad 8,550
PFC-5-1-14 (Perfluorohexane, FC-72)355-42-0C6 F14ad 7,910
PFC-6-1-12335-57-9C7 F16; CF3 (CF2)5 CF3b 7,820
PFC-7-1-18307-34-6C8 F18; CF3 (CF2)6 CF3b 7,620
PFC-9-1-18306-94-5C10 F18d 7,190
PFPMIE (HT-70)NACF3 OCF(CF3)CF2 OCF2 OCF3d 9,710
Perfluorodecalin (cis)60433-11-6Z-C10 F18bd 7,240
Perfluorodecalin (trans)60433-12-7E-C10 F18bd 6,290
Perfluorotriethylamine359-70-6N(C2 F5)3e 10,300
Perfluorotripropylamine338-83-0N(CF2 CF2 CF3)3e 9,030
Perfluorotributylamine311-89-7N(CF2 CF2 CF2 CF3)3e 8,490
Perfluorotripentylamine338-84-1N(CF2 CF2 CF2 CF2 CF3)3e 7,260
Saturated Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) With Two or Fewer Carbon-Hydrogen Bonds
(4s,5s)-1,1,2,2,3,3,4,5-octafluorocyclopentane158389-18-5trans-cyc (-CF2CF2CF2CHFCHF-)e 258
HFC-2375-46-7CHF3ad 12,400
HFC-3275-10-5CH2 F2ad 677
HFC-125354-33-6C2 HF5ad 3,170
HFC-134359-35-3C2 H2 F4ad 1,120
HFC-134a811-97-2CH2 FCF3ad 1,300
HFC-227ca2252-84-8CF3 CF2 CHF2b 2,640
HFC-227ea431-89-0C3 HF7ad 3,350
HFC-236cb677-56-5CH2 FCF2 CF3d 1,210
HFC-236ea431-63-0CHF2 CHFCF3d 1,330
HFC-236fa690-39-1C3 H2 F6ad 8,060
HFC-329p375-17-7CHF2 CF2 CF2 CF3b 2360
HFC-43-10mee138495-42-8CF3 CFHCFHCF2 CF3ad 1,650
Saturated Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) With Three or More Carbon-Hydrogen Bonds
1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluorocyclopentane123768-18-3cyc (-CF2 CF2 CF2 CH2 CH2-)e 120
1,1,2,2,3,3,4-heptafluorocyclopentane15290-77-4cyc (-CF2 CF2 CF2 CHFCH2-)e 231
HFC-41593-53-3CH3 Fad 116
HFC-143430-66-0C2 H3 F3ad 328
HFC-143a420-46-2C2 H3 F3ad 4,800
HFC-152624-72-6CH2 FCH2 Fd 16
HFC-152a75-37-6CH3 CHF2ad 138
HFC-161353-36-6CH3 CH2 Fd 4
HFC-245ca679-86-7C3 H3 F5ad 716
HFC-245cb1814-88-6CF3 CF2 CH3b 4,620
HFC-245ea24270-66-4CHF2 CHFCHF2b 235
HFC-245eb431-31-2CH2 FCHFCF3b 290
HFC-245fa460-73-1CHF2 CH2 CF3d 858
HFC-263fb421-07-8CH3 CH2 CF3b 76
HFC-272ca420-45-1CH3 CF2 CH3b 144
HFC-365mfc406-58-6CH3 CF2 CH2 CF3d 804
Saturated Hydrofluoroethers (HFEs) and Hydrochlorofluoroethers (HCFEs) With One Carbon-Hydrogen Bond
HFE-1253822-68-2CHF2 OCF3d 12,400
HFE-227ea2356-62-9CF3 CHFOCF3d 6,450
HFE-329mcc2134769-21-4CF3 CF2 OCF2 CHF2d 3,070
HFE-329me3428454-68-6CF3 CFHCF2 OCF3b 4,550
1,1,1,2,2,3,3-Heptafluoro-3-(1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)-propane3330-15-2CF3 CF2 CF2 OCHFCF3b 6,490
Saturated HFEs and HCFEs With Two Carbon-Hydrogen Bonds
HFE-134 (HG-00)1691-17-4CHF2 OCHF2d 5,560
HFE-236ca32778-11-3CHF2 OCF2 CHF2b 4,240
HFE-236ca12 (HG-10)78522-47-1CHF2 OCF2 OCHF2d 5,350
HFE-236ea2 (Desflurane)57041-67-5CHF2 OCHFCF3d 1,790
HFE-236fa20193-67-3CF3 CH2 OCF3d 979
HFE-338mcf2156053-88-2CF3 CF2 OCH2 CF3d 929
HFE-338mmz126103-08-2CHF2 OCH(CF3)2d 2,620
HFE-338pcc13 (HG-01)188690-78-0CHF2 OCF2 CF2 OCHF2d 2,910
HFE-43-10pccc (H-Galden 1040x, HG-11)E1730133CHF2 OCF2 OC2 F4 OCHF2d 2,820
HCFE-235ca2 (Enflurane)13838-16-9CHF2 OCF2 CHFClb 583
HCFE-235da2 (Isoflurane)26675-46-7CHF2 OCHClCF3d 491
HG-02205367-61-9HF2 C-(OCF2 CF2)2-OCF2 Hbd 2,730
HG-03173350-37-3HF2 C-(OCF2 CF2)3-OCF2 Hbd 2,850
HG-20249932-25-0HF2 C-(OCF2)2-OCF2 Hb 5,300
HG-21249932-26-1HF2 C-OCF2 CF2 OCF2 OCF2 O-CF2 Hb 3,890
HG-30188690-77-9HF2 C-(OCF2)3-OCF2 Hb 7,330
1,1,3,3,4,4,6,6,7,7,9,9,10,10,12,12,13,13,15,15-eicosafluoro-2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxapentadecane173350-38-4HCF2 O(CF2 CF2 O)4 CF2 Hb 3,630
1,1,2-Trifluoro-2-(trifluoromethoxy)-ethane84011-06-3CHF2 CHFOCF3b 1,240
Trifluoro(fluoromethoxy)methane2261-01-0CH2 FOCF3b 751
Saturated HFEs and HCFEs With Three or More Carbon-Hydrogen Bonds
HFE-143a421-14-7CH3 OCF3d 523
HFE-245cb222410-44-2CH3 OCF2 CF3d 654
HFE-245fa184011-15-4CHF2 CH2 OCF3d 828
HFE-245fa21885-48-9CHF2 OCH2 CF3d 812
HFE-254cb1425-88-7CH3 OCF2 CHF2d 301
HFE-263fb2460-43-5CF3 CH2 OCH3d 1
HFE-263m1; R-E-143a690-22-2CF3 OCH2 CH3b 29
HFE-347mcc3 (HFE-7000)375-03-1CH3 OCF2 CF2 CF3d 530
HFE-347mcf2171182-95-9CF3 CF2 OCH2 CHF2d 854
HFE-347mmy122052-84-2CH3 OCF(CF3)2d 363
HFE-347mmz1 (Sevoflurane)28523-86-6(CF3)2 CHOCH2 Fc 216
HFE-347pcf2406-78-0CHF2 CF2 OCH2 CF3d 889
HFE-356mec3382-34-3CH3 OCF2 CHFCF3d 387
HFE-356mff2333-36-8CF3 CH2 OCH2 CF3b 17
HFE-356mmz113171-18-1(CF3)2 CHOCH3d 14
HFE-356pcc3160620-20-2CH3 OCF2 CF2 CHF2d 413
HFE-356pcf250807-77-7CHF2 CH2 OCF2 CHF2d 719
HFE-356pcf335042-99-0CHF2 OCH2 CF2 CHF2d 446
HFE-365mcf222052-81-9CF3 CF2 OCH2 CH3b 58
HFE-365mcf3378-16-5CF3 CF2 CH2 OCH3d 0.99
HFE-374pc2512-51-6CH3 CH2 OCF2 CHF2d 627
HFE-449s1 (HFE-7100) Chemical blend163702-07-6C4 F9 OCH3d 421
163702-08-7(CF3)2 CFCF2 OCH3
HFE-569sf2 (HFE-7200) Chemical blend163702-05-4C4 F9 OC2 H5d 57
163702-06-5(CF3)2 CFCF2 OC2 H5
HFE-7300132182-92-4(CF3)2 CFCFOC2 H5 CF2 CF2 CF3e 405
HFE-7500297730-93-9n-C3 F7 CFOC2 H5 CF(CF3)2e 13
HG′-0173287-23-7CH3 OCF2 CF2 OCH3b 222
HG′-02485399-46-0CH3 O(CF2 CF2 O)2 CH3b 236
HG′-03485399-48-2CH3 O(CF2 CF2 O)3 CH3b 221
Difluoro(methoxy)methane359-15-9CH3 OCHF2b 144
2-Chloro-1,1,2-trifluoro-1-methoxyethane425-87-6CH3 OCF2 CHFClb 122
1-Ethoxy-1,1,2,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane22052-86-4CF3 CF2 CF2 OCH2 CH3b 61
2-Ethoxy-3,3,4,4,5-pentafluorotetrahydro-2,5-bis[1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)ethyl]-furan920979-28-8C12 H5 F19 O2b 56
1-Ethoxy-1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane380-34-7CF3 CHFCF2 OCH2 CH3b 23
Fluoro(methoxy)methane460-22-0CH3 OCH2 Fb 13
1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoro-3-methoxy-propane; Methyl 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether60598-17-6CHF2 CF2 CH2 OCH3bd 0.49
1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoro-1-(fluoromethoxy)ethane37031-31-5CH2 FOCF2 CF2 Hb 871
Difluoro(fluoromethoxy)methane461-63-2CH2 FOCHF2b 617
Fluoro(fluoromethoxy)methane462-51-1CH2 FOCH2 Fb 130
Saturated Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
E-R316c3832-15-3trans-cyc (-CClFCF2 CF2 CClF-)e 4,230
Z-R316c3934-26-7cis-cyc (-CClFCF2 CF2 CClF-)e 5,660
Fluorinated Formates
Trifluoromethyl formate85358-65-2HCOOCF3b 588
Perfluoroethyl formate313064-40-3HCOOCF2 CF3b 580
1,2,2,2-Tetrafluoroethyl formate481631-19-0HCOOCHFCF3b 470
Perfluorobutyl formate197218-56-7HCOOCF2 CF2 CF2 CF3b 392
Perfluoropropyl formate271257-42-2HCOOCF2 CF2 CF3b 376
1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoropropan-2-yl formate856766-70-6HCOOCH(CF3)2b 333
2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl formate32042-38-9HCOOCH2 CF3b 33
3,3,3-Trifluoropropyl formate1344118-09-7HCOOCH2 CH2 CF3b 17
Fluorinated Acetates
Methyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate431-47-0CF3 COOCH3b 52
1,1-Difluoroethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate1344118-13-3CF3 COOCF2 CH3b 31
Difluoromethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate2024-86-4CF3 COOCHF2b 27
2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate407-38-5CF3 COOCH2 CF3b 7
Methyl 2,2-difluoroacetate433-53-4HCF2 COOCH3b 3
Perfluoroethyl acetate343269-97-6CH3 COOCF2 CF3bd 2
Trifluoromethyl acetate74123-20-9CH3 COOCF3bd 2
Perfluoropropyl acetate1344118-10-0CH3 COOCF2 CF2 CF3bd 2
Perfluorobutyl acetate209597-28-4CH3 COOCF2 CF2 CF2 CF3bd 2
Ethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate383-63-1CF3 COOCH2 CH3bd 1
Carbonofluoridates
Methyl carbonofluoridate1538-06-3FCOOCH3b 95
1,1-Difluoroethyl carbonofluoridate1344118-11-1FCOOCF2 CH3b 27
Fluorinated Alcohols Other Than Fluorotelomer Alcohols
Bis(trifluoromethyl)-methanol920-66-1(CF3)2 CHOHd 182
2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-Octafluorocyclopentanol16621-87-7cyc (-(CF2)4 CH(OH)-)d 13
2,2,3,3,3-Pentafluoropropanol422-05-9CF3 CF2 CH2 OHd 19
2,2,3,3,4,4,4-Heptafluorobutan-1-ol375-01-9C3 F7 CH2OHbd 34
2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol75-89-8CF3 CH2 OHb 20
2,2,3,4,4,4-Hexafluoro-1-butanol382-31-0CF3 CHFCF2 CH2 OHb 17
2,2,3,3-Tetrafluoro-1-propanol76-37-9CHF2 CF2 CH2 OHb 13
2,2-Difluoroethanol359-13-7CHF2 CH2OHb 3
2-Fluoroethanol371-62-0CH2 FCH2 OHb 1.1
4,4,4-Trifluorobutan-1-ol461-18-7CF3 (CH2)2 CH2 OHb 0.05
Non-Cyclic, Unsaturated Perfluorocarbons (PFCs)
PFC-1114; TFE116-14-3CF2 = CF2; C2 F4b 0.004
PFC-1216; Dyneon HFP116-15-4C3 F6; CF3 CF = CF2b 0.05
Perfluorobut-2-ene360-89-4CF3 CF = CFCF3b 1.82
Perfluorobut-1-ene357-26-6CF3 CF2 CF = CF2b 0.10
Perfluorobuta-1,3-diene685-63-2CF2 = CFCF = CF2b 0.003
Non-Cyclic, Unsaturated Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs)
HFC-1132a; VF275-38-7C2 H2 F2, CF2 = CH2b 0.04
HFC-1141; VF75-02-5C2 H3 F, CH2 = CHFb 0.02
(E)-HFC-1225ye5595-10-8CF3 CF = CHF(E)b 0.06
(Z)-HFC-1225ye5528-43-8CF3 CF = CHF(Z)b 0.22
Solstice 1233zd(E)102687-65-0C3 H2 ClF3; CHCl = CHCF3b 1.34
HCFO-1233zd(Z)99728-16-2(Z)-CF3 CH = CHCle 0.45
HFC-1234yf; HFO-1234yf754-12-1C3 H2 F4; CF3 CF = CH2b 0.31
HFC-1234ze(E)1645-83-6C3 H2 F4; trans-CF3 CH = CHFb 0.97
HFC-1234ze(Z)29118-25-0C3 H2 F4; cis-CF3 CH = CHF; CF3 CH = CHFb 0.29
HFC-1243zf; TFP677-21-4C3 H3 F3, CF3 CH = CH2b 0.12
(Z)-HFC-1336692-49-9CF3 CH = CHCF3 (Z)b 1.58
HFO-1336mzz(E)66711-86-2(E)-CF3 CH = CHCF3e 18
HFC-1345zfc374-27-6C2 F5 CH = CH2b 0.09
HFO-1123359-11-5CHF=CF2e 0.005
HFO-1438ezy(E)14149-41-8(E)-(CF3)2 CFCH = CHFe 8.2
HFO-1447fz355-08-8CF3 (CF2)2 CH = CH2e 0.24
Capstone 42-U19430-93-4C6 H3 F9, CF3 (CF2)3 CH = CH2b 0.16
Capstone 62-U25291-17-2C8 H3 F13, CF3 (CF2)5 CH = CH2b 0.11
Capstone 82-U21652-58-4C10 H3 F17, CF3 (CF2)7 CH = CH2b 0.09
(e)-1-chloro-2-fluoroethene460-16-2(E)-CHCl = CHFe 0.004
3,3,3-trifluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)prop-1-ene382-10-5(CF3)2 C = CH2e 0.38
Non-Cyclic, Unsaturated CFCs
CFC-1112598-88-9CClF=CClFe 0.13
CFC-1112a79-35-6CCl2=CF2e 0.021
Non-Cyclic, Unsaturated Halogenated Ethers
PMVE; HFE-2161187-93-5CF3 OCF = CF2b 0.17
Fluoroxene406-90-6CF3 CH2 OCH = CH2b 0.05
Methyl-perfluoroheptene-ethersN/ACH3 OC7 F13e 15
Non-Cyclic, Unsaturated Halogenated Esters
Ethenyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate433-28-3CF3 COOCH=CH2e 0.008
Prop-2-enyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate383-67-5CF3 COOCH2 CH=CH2e 0.007
Cyclic, Unsaturated HFCs and PFCs
PFC C-1418559-40-0c-C5 F8d 2
Hexafluorocyclobutene697-11-0cyc (-CF=CFCF2 CF2-)e 126
1,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluorocyclopentene1892-03-1cyc (-CF2 CF2 CF2 CF=CH-)e 45
1,3,3,4,4-pentafluorocyclobutene374-31-2cyc (-CH=CFCF2 CF2-)e 92
3,3,4,4-tetrafluorocyclobutene2714-38-7cyc (-CH=CHCF2 CF2-)e 26
Fluorinated Aldehydes
3,3,3-Trifluoro-propanal460-40-2CF3 CH2 CHOb 0.01
Fluorinated Ketones
Novec 1230 (perfluoro (2-methyl-3-pentanone))756-13-8CF3 CF2 C(O)CF (CF3)2b 0.1
1,1,1-trifluoropropan-2-one421-50-1CF3 COCH3e 0.09
1,1,1-trifluorobutan-2-one381-88-4CF3 COCH2 CH3e 0.095
Fluorotelomer Alcohols
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-Undecafluoroheptan-1-ol185689-57-0CF3 (CF2)4 CH2 CH2 OHb 0.43
3,3,3-Trifluoropropan-1-ol2240-88-2CF3 CH2 CH2 OHb 0.35
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,9-Pentadecafluorononan-1-ol755-02-2CF3 (CF2)6 CH2 CH2 OHb 0.33
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-Nonadecafluoroundecan-1-ol87017-97-8CF3 (CF2)8 CH2 CH2 OHb 0.19
Fluorinated GHGs With Carbon-Iodine Bond(s)
Trifluoroiodomethane2314-97-8CF3 Ib 0.4
Remaining Fluorinated GHGs with Chemical-Specific GWPs
Dibromodifluoromethane (Halon 1202)75-61-6CBr2 F2b 231
2-Bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane (Halon-2311/Halothane)151-67-7CHBrClCF3b 41
Heptafluoroisobutyronitrile42532-60-5(CF3)2 CFCNe 2,750
Carbonyl fluoride353-50-4COF2e 0.14
Fluorinated GHG group fGlobal warming

potential

(100 yr.)
Default GWPs for Compounds for Which Chemical-Specific GWPs Are Not Listed Above
Fully fluorinated GHGs g9,200
Saturated hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) with 2 or fewer carbon-hydrogen bonds g3,000
Saturated HFCs with 3 or more carbon-hydrogen bonds g840
Saturated hydrofluoroethers (HFEs) and hydrochlorofluoroethers (HCFEs) with 1 carbon-hydrogen bond g6,600
Saturated HFEs and HCFEs with 2 carbon-hydrogen bonds g2,900
Saturated HFEs and HCFEs with 3 or more carbon-hydrogen bonds g320
Saturated chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) g4,900
Fluorinated formates350
Cyclic forms of the following: unsaturated perfluorocarbons (PFCs), unsaturated HFCs, unsaturated CFCs, unsaturated hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), unsaturated bromofluorocarbons (BFCs), unsaturated bromochlorofluorocarbons (BCFCs), unsaturated hydrobromofluorocarbons (HBFCs), unsaturated hydrobromochlorofluorocarbons (HBCFCs), unsaturated halogenated ethers, and unsaturated halogenated esters g58
Fluorinated acetates, carbonofluoridates, and fluorinated alcohols other than fluorotelomer alcohols g25
Fluorinated aldehydes, fluorinated ketones, and non-cyclic forms of the following: unsaturated perfluorocarbons (PFCs), unsaturated HFCs, unsaturated CFCs, unsaturated HCFCs, unsaturated BFCs, unsaturated BCFCs, unsaturated HBFCs, unsaturated HBCFCs, unsaturated halogenated ethers and unsaturated halogenated esters g1
Fluorotelomer alcohols g1
Fluorinated GHGs with carbon-iodine bond(s) g1
Other fluorinated GHGs g1,800
a The GWP for this compound was updated in the final rule published on November 29, 2013 [78 FR 71904] and effective on January 1, 2014.
b This compound was added to table A-1 in the final rule published on December 11, 2014, and effective on January 1, 2015.
c The GWP for this compound was updated in the final rule published on December 11, 2014, and effective on January 1, 2015.
d The GWP for this compound was updated in the final rule published on April 25, 2024 and effective on January 1, 2025.
e The GWP for this compound was added to table A-1 in the final rule published on April 25, 2024 and effective on January 1, 2025.
f For electronics manufacturing (as defined in § 98.90), the term “fluorinated GHGs” in the definition of each fluorinated GHG group in § 98.6 shall include fluorinated heat transfer fluids (as defined in § 98.6), whether or not they are also fluorinated GHGs.
g The GWP for this fluorinated GHG group was updated in the final rule published on April 25, 2024 and effective on January 1, 2025.

[89 FR 31894, Apr. 25, 2024]