Appendix D to Part 25
14:1.0.1.3.12.11.121.1.10 : Appendix D
Appendix D to Part 25
Criteria for determining minimum flight crew. The
following are considered by the Agency in determining the minimum
flight crew under § 25.1523:
(a) Basic workload functions. The following basic
workload functions are considered:
(1) Flight path control.
(2) Collision avoidance.
(3) Navigation.
(4) Communications.
(5) Operation and monitoring of aircraft engines and
systems.
(6) Command decisions.
(b) Workload factors. The following workload factors are
considered significant when analyzing and demonstrating workload
for minimum flight crew determination:
(1) The accessibility, ease, and simplicity of operation of all
necessary flight, power, and equipment controls, including
emergency fuel shutoff valves, electrical controls, electronic
controls, pressurization system controls, and engine controls.
(2) The accessibility and conspicuity of all necessary
instruments and failure warning devices such as fire warning,
electrical system malfunction, and other failure or caution
indicators. The extent to which such instruments or devices direct
the proper corrective action is also considered.
(3) The number, urgency, and complexity of operating procedures
with particular consideration given to the specific fuel management
schedule imposed by center of gravity, structural or other
considerations of an airworthiness nature, and to the ability of
each engine to operate at all times from a single tank or source
which is automatically replenished if fuel is also stored in other
tanks.
(4) The degree and duration of concentrated mental and physical
effort involved in normal operation and in diagnosing and coping
with malfunctions and emergencies.
(5) The extent of required monitoring of the fuel, hydraulic,
pressurization, electrical, electronic, deicing, and other systems
while en route.
(6) The actions requiring a crewmember to be unavailable at his
assigned duty station, including: observation of systems, emergency
operation of any control, and emergencies in any compartment.
(7) The degree of automation provided in the aircraft systems to
afford (after failures or malfunctions) automatic crossover or
isolation of difficulties to minimize the need for flight crew
action to guard against loss of hydraulic or electric power to
flight controls or to other essential systems.
(8) The communications and navigation workload.
(9) The possibility of increased workload associated with any
emergency that may lead to other emergencies.
(10) Incapacitation of a flight crewmember whenever the
applicable operating rule requires a minimum flight crew of at
least two pilots.
(c) Kind of operation authorized. The determination of
the kind of operation authorized requires consideration of the
operating rules under which the airplane will be operated. Unless
an applicant desires approval for a more limited kind of operation.
It is assumed that each airplane certificated under this Part will
operate under IFR conditions.
[Amdt. 25-3, 30 FR 6067, Apr. 29, 1965]