Appendix B to Subpart B of Part 431 - Uniform Test Method for Measuring Nominal Full Load Efficiency of Electric Motors
10:3.0.1.4.19.2.54.17.45 : Appendix B
Appendix B to Subpart B of Part 431 - Uniform Test Method for
Measuring Nominal Full Load Efficiency of Electric Motors Link to
an amendment published at 86 FR 22, Jan. 4, 2021. Link to a
correction published at 86 FR 3747, Jan. 15, 2021. This amendment
was delayed until Mar. 21, 2021, at 86 FR 7798, Feb. 2, 2021. Note:
After June 11, 2014, any representations made with respect to
the energy use or efficiency of electric motors for which energy
conservation standards are currently provided at 10 CFR 431.25 must
be made in accordance with the results of testing pursuant to this
appendix.
For manufacturers conducting tests of motors for which energy
conservation standards are provided at 10 CFR 431.25, after January
13, 2014 and prior to June 11, 2014, manufacturers must conduct
such test in accordance with either this appendix or appendix B as
it appeared at 10 CFR Part 431, subpart B, appendix B, in the 10
CFR Parts 200 to 499 edition revised as of January 1, 2013. Any
representations made with respect to the energy use or efficiency
of such electric motors must be in accordance with whichever
version is selected. Given that after June 11, 2014 representations
with respect to the energy use or efficiency of electric motors
must be made in accordance with tests conducted pursuant to this
appendix, manufacturers may wish to begin using this test procedure
as soon as possible.
For any other electric motor type that is not currently covered
by the energy conservation standards at 10 CFR 431.25,
manufacturers of this equipment will need to use Appendix B 180
days after the effective date of the final rule adopting energy
conservation standards for these motors.
1. Definitions.
Definitions contained in §§ 431.2 and 431.12 are applicable to
this appendix.
2. Test Procedures.
Efficiency and losses shall be determined in accordance with
NEMA MG1-2009, paragraph 12.58.1, “Determination of Motor
Efficiency and Losses,” (incorporated by reference, see § 431.15)
and either:
(1) CSA C390-10, (incorporated by reference, see § 431.15),
or
(2) IEEE Std 112-2004 Test Method B, Input-Output With Loss
Segregation, (incorporated by reference, see § 431.15).
3. Amendments to test procedures.
Any revision to IEEE Std 112-2004 Test Method B, NEMA MG1-2009,
or CSA C390-10, (incorporated by reference, see § 431.15) shall not
be effective for purposes of certification and compliance testing
unless and until this appendix and 10 CFR Part 431 are amended to
incorporate that revision.
4. Procedures for the Testing of Certain Electric Motor
Types.
Prior to testing according to IEEE Std 112-2004 (Test Method B)
or CSA C390-10 (incorporated by reference, see § 431.15), each
basic model of the electric motor types listed below must be set up
in accordance with the instructions of this section to ensure
consistent test results. These steps are designed to enable a motor
to be attached to a dynamometer and run continuously for testing
purposes. For the purposes of this appendix, a “standard bearing”
is a 6000 series, either open or grease-lubricated double-shielded,
single-row, deep groove, radial ball bearing.
4.1 Brake Electric Motors:
Brake electric motors shall be tested with the brake component
powered separately from the motor such that it does not activate
during testing. Additionally, for any 10-minute period during the
test and while the brake is being powered such that it remains
disengaged from the motor shaft, record the power consumed (i.e.,
watts). Only power used to drive the motor is to be included in the
efficiency calculation; power supplied to prevent the brake from
engaging is not included in this calculation. In lieu of powering
the brake separately, the brake may be disengaged mechanically, if
such a mechanism exists and if the use of this mechanism does not
yield a different efficiency value than separately powering the
brake electrically.
4.2 Close-Coupled Pump Electric Motors and Electric Motors
with Single or Double Shaft Extensions of Non-Standard Dimensions
or Design:
To attach the unit under test to a dynamometer, close-coupled
pump electric motors and electric motors with single or double
shaft extensions of non-standard dimensions or design must be
tested using a special coupling adapter.
4.3 Electric Motors with Non-Standard Endshields or
Flanges:
If it is not possible to connect the electric motor to a
dynamometer with the non-standard endshield or flange in place, the
testing laboratory shall replace the non-standard endshield or
flange with an endshield or flange meeting NEMA or IEC
specifications. The replacement component should be obtained from
the manufacturer or, if the manufacturer chooses, machined by the
testing laboratory after consulting with the manufacturer regarding
the critical characteristics of the endshield.
4.4 Electric Motors with Non-Standard Bases, Feet or Mounting
Configurations
An electric motor with a non-standard base, feet, or mounting
configuration may be mounted on the test equipment using adaptive
fixtures for testing as long as the mounting or use of adaptive
mounting fixtures does not have an adverse impact on the
performance of the electric motor, particularly on the cooling of
the motor.
4.5 Electric Motors with a Separately-powered Blower:
For electric motors furnished with a separately-powered blower,
the losses from the blower's motor should not be included in any
efficiency calculation. This can be done either by powering the
blower's motor by a source separate from the source powering the
electric motor under test or by connecting leads such that they
only measure the power of the motor under test.
4.6 Immersible Electric Motors
Immersible electric motors shall be tested with all contact
seals removed but be otherwise unmodified.
4.7 Partial Electric Motors:
Partial electric motors shall be disconnected from their mated
piece of equipment. After disconnection from the equipment,
standard bearings and/or endshields shall be added to the motor,
such that it is capable of operation. If an endshield is necessary,
an endshield meeting NEMA or IEC specifications should be obtained
from the manufacturer or, if the manufacturer chooses, machined by
the testing laboratory after consulting with the manufacturer
regarding the critical characteristics of the endshield.
4.8 Vertical Electric Motors and Electric Motors with
Bearings Incapable of Horizontal Operation:
Vertical electric motors and electric motors with thrust
bearings shall be tested in a horizontal or vertical configuration
in accordance with IEEE 112 (Test Method B), depending on the
testing facility's capabilities and construction of the motor,
except if the motor is a vertical solid shaft normal thrust general
purpose electric motor (subtype II), in which case it shall be
tested in a horizontal configuration in accordance with IEEE 112
(Test Method B). Preference shall be given to testing a motor in
its native orientation. If the unit under test cannot be reoriented
horizontally due to its bearing construction, the electric motor's
bearing(s) shall be removed and replaced with standard bearings. If
the unit under test contains oil-lubricated bearings, its bearings
shall be removed and replaced with standard bearings. Finally, if
the unit under test contains a hollow shaft, a solid shaft shall be
inserted, bolted to the non-drive end of the motor and welded on
the drive end. Enough clearance shall be maintained such that
attachment to a dynamometer is possible.
[77 FR 26638, May 4, 2012, as amended at 78 FR 75994, Dec. 13,
2013]
Appendix B to Subpart C of Part 431 - Amended Uniform Test Method for the Measurement of Energy Consumption of Commercial Refrigerators, Freezers, and Refrigerator-Freezers
10:3.0.1.4.19.3.56.6.48 : Appendix B
Appendix B to Subpart C of Part 431 - Amended Uniform Test Method
for the Measurement of Energy Consumption of Commercial
Refrigerators, Freezers, and Refrigerator-Freezers Note:
Any representations made on or after March 28, 2017, with
respect to the energy use or efficiency of commercial refrigeration
equipment must be made in accordance with the results of testing
pursuant to this appendix.
1. Test Procedure
1.1. Determination of Daily Energy Consumption. Determine the
daily energy consumption of each covered commercial refrigerator,
freezer, refrigerator-freezer or ice-cream freezer by conducting
the test procedure set forth in the AHRI Standard 1200 (I-P)-2010,
section 3, “Definitions,” section 4, “Test Requirements,” and
section 7, “Symbols and Subscripts” (incorporated by reference, see
§ 431.63). For each commercial refrigerator, freezer, or
refrigerator-freezer with a self-contained condensing unit, also
use AHRI Standard 1200 (I-P)-2010, section 6, “Rating Requirements
for Self-contained Commercial Refrigerated Display Merchandisers
and Storage Cabinets.” For each commercial refrigerator, freezer,
or refrigerator-freezer with a remote condensing unit, also use
AHRI Standard 1200 (I-P)-2010, section 5, “Rating Requirements for
Remote Commercial Refrigerated Display Merchandisers and Storage
Cabinets.”
1.2. Methodology for Determining Applicability of Transparent Door
Equipment Families
To determine if a door for a given model of commercial
refrigeration equipment is transparent: (1) Calculate the outer
door surface area including frames and mullions; (2) calculate the
transparent surface area within the outer door surface area
excluding frames and mullions; (3) calculate the ratio of (2) to
(1) for each of the outer doors; and (4) the ratio for the
transparent surface area of all outer doors must be greater than
0.25 to qualify as a transparent equipment family.
1.3. Additional Specifications for Testing of Components and
Accessories. All standard components that would be used during
normal operation of the basic model in the field shall be installed
and used during testing as recommended by the manufacturer and
representative of their typical operation in the field unless such
installation and operation is inconsistent with any requirement of
the test procedure. The specific components and accessories listed
in the subsequent sections shall be operated as stated during the
test.
1.3.1. Energy Management Systems. Applicable energy management
systems may be activated during the test procedure provided they
are permanently installed on the case, configured and sold in such
a manner so as to operate automatically without the intervention of
the operator, and do not conflict with any of other requirements
for a valid test as specified in this appendix.
1.3.2. Lighting. All lighting except for customer display
signs/lights as described in section 1.3.3 and UV lighting as
described in section 1.3.6 of this appendix shall be energized to
the maximum illumination level for the duration of testing for
commercial refrigeration equipment with lighting except when the
unit is equipped with lighting occupancy sensors and controls. If
the unit includes an automatic lighting control system, it should
be enabled during test. If the unit is equipped with lighting
occupancy sensors and controls in should be tested in accordance
with section 1.3.2.1 of this appendix.
1.3.2.1. Lighting Occupancy Sensors and Controls. For units with
lighting occupancy sensors and/or scheduled lighting controls
installed on the unit, determine the effect of the controls/sensors
on daily energy consumption by either a physical test or a
calculation method and using the variables that are defined as:
CECA is the alternate compressor energy consumption
(kilowatt-hours);
LECsc is the lighting energy consumption of internal case
lights with lighting occupancy sensors and controls deployed
(kilowatt-hours);
Pli is the rated power of lights when they are fully on
(watts);
Pli(off) is the power of lights when they are off
(watts);
Pli(dim) is the power of lights when they are dimmed
(watts);
TDECo is the total daily energy consumption with lights
fully on, as measured by AHRI Standard 1200 (I-P)-2010
(kilowatt-hours);
tdim is the time period during which the lights are
dimmed due to the use of lighting occupancy sensors or scheduled
lighting controls (hours);
tdim,controls is the time case lighting is dimmed due to
the use of lighting controls (hours);
tdim,sensors is the time case lighting is dimmed due to
the use of lighting occupancy sensors (hours);
tl is the time period when lights would be on without
lighting occupancy sensors and/or scheduled lighting controls (24
hours);
toff is the time period during which the lights are off
due to the use of lighting occupancy sensors and/or scheduled
lighting controls (hours);
toff,controls is the time case lighting is off due to the
use of scheduled lighting controls (hours);
toff,sensors is the time case lighting is off due to the
use of lighting occupancy sensors (hours); and
tsc is the time period when lighting is fully on with
lighting occupancy sensors and scheduled lighting controls enabled
(hours).
1.3.2.1.i. For both a physical test and a calculation method,
determine the estimated time off or dimmed, toff or tdim, as the
sum of contributions from lighting occupancy sensors and scheduled
lighting controls that dim or turn off lighting, respectively, as
shown in the following equation:
The sum of tsc, toff, and tdim should equal 24 hours and the
total time period during which the lights are off or dimmed shall
not exceed 10.8 hours. For cases with scheduled lighting controls,
the time the case lighting is off and/or dimmed due to scheduled
lighting controls (toff,controls and/or tdim,controls, as
applicable) shall not exceed 8 hours. For cases with lighting
occupancy sensors installed, the time the case lighting is off
and/or dimmed due to lighting occupancy sensors (toff,sensors
and/or tdim,sensors, as applicable) shall not exceed 10.8 hours.
For cases with lighting occupancy sensors and scheduled lighting
controls installed, the time the case lighting is off and/or dimmed
due to lighting occupancy sensors (toff,sensors and/or
tdim,sensors, as applicable) shall not exceed 2.8 hours and the
time the case lighting is off and/or dimmed due to scheduled
lighting controls (toff,controls and/or tdim,controls, as
applicable) shall not exceed 8 hours.
1.3.2.1.ii. If using a physical test to determine the daily
energy consumption, turn off the lights for a time period
equivalent to toff and dim the lights for a time period equal to
tdim. If night curtains are also being tested on the case, the
period of lights off and/or dimmed shall begin at the same time
that the night curtain is being deployed and shall continue
consecutively, in that order, for the appropriate number of
hours.
1.3.2.1.iii. If using a calculation method to determine the
daily energy consumption -
Where EER represents the energy efficiency ratio from Table 1 in
AHRI Standard 1200 (I-P)-2010 (incorporated by reference, see §
431.63) for remote condensing equipment or the values shown in the
following table for self-contained equipment:
EER for Self-Contained Commercial
Refrigerated Display Merchandisers and Storage Cabinets
Operating temperature
class
EER
Btu/W
Medium
11
Low
7
Ice Cream
5
1.3.2.1.iii.C. For remote condensing units, calculate the
revised compressor energy consumption (CECR) by adding the CECA to
the compressor energy consumption (CEC) measured in AHRI Standard
1200 (I-P)-2010 (incorporated by reference, see § 431.63). The CDEC
for the entire case is the sum of the CECR and LECsc (as calculated
above) and the fan energy consumption (FEC), anti-condensate energy
consumption (AEC), defrost energy consumption (DEC), and condensate
evaporator pan energy consumption (PEC) (as measured in AHRI
Standard 1200 (I-P)-2010).
1.3.2.1.iii.D. For self-contained units, the TDEC for the entire
case is the sum of total daily energy consumption as measured by
the AHRI Standard 1200 (I-P)-2010 (incorporated by reference, see §
431.63) test with the lights fully on (TDECo) and CECA, less the
decrease in lighting energy use due to lighting occupancy sensors
and scheduled lighting controls, as shown in following
equation.
1.3.3. Customer display signs/lights. Do not energize
supplemental lighting that exists solely for the purposes of
advertising or drawing attention to the case and is not integral to
the operation of the case.
1.3.4. Condensate pan heaters and pumps. For self-contained
equipment only, all electric resistance condensate heaters and
condensate pumps must be installed and in operation during the
test. This includes the stabilization period (including pull-down),
steady-state, and performance testing periods. Prior to the start
of the stabilization period as defined by ASHRAE 72-2005
(incorporated by reference, see § 431.63), the condensate pan must
be dry. Following the start of the stabilization period, allow any
condensate moisture generated to accumulate in the pan. Do not
manually add or remove water to or from the condensate pan at any
time during the test.
1.3.5. Anti-sweat door heaters. Anti-sweat door heaters must be
operational during the entirety of the test procedure. Models with
a user-selectable setting must have the heaters energized and set
to the maximum usage position. Models featuring an automatic,
non-user-adjustable controller that turns on or off based on
environmental conditions must be operating in the automatic state.
If a unit is not shipped with a controller from the point of
manufacture and is intended to be used with an automatic,
non-user-adjustable controller, test the unit with a
manufacturer-recommended controller that turns on or off based on
environmental conditions.
1.3.6. Ultraviolet lights. Do not energize ultraviolet lights
during the test.
1.3.7. Illuminated temperature displays and alarms. All
illuminated temperature displays and alarms shall be energized and
operated during the test as they would be during normal field
operation.
1.3.8. Condenser filters. Remove any nonpermanent filters that
are provided to prevent particulates from blocking a model's
condenser coil.
1.3.9. Refrigeration system security covers. Remove any devices
used to secure the condensing unit against unwanted removal.
1.3.10. Night curtains and covers. For display cases sold with
night curtains installed, the night curtain shall be employed for 6
hours; beginning 3 hours after the start of the first defrost
period. Upon the completion of the 6-hour period, the night curtain
shall be raised until the completion of the 24-hour test
period.
1.3.11. Grill options. Remove any optional non-standard grills
used to direct airflow.
1.3.12. Misting or humidification systems. Misting or
humidification systems must be inactive during the test.
1.3.13. Air purifiers. Air purifiers must be inactive during the
test.
1.3.14. General purpose outlets. During the test, do not connect
any external load to any general purpose outlets contained within a
unit.
1.3.15. Crankcase heaters. Crankcase heaters must be operational
during the test. If a control system, such as a thermostat or
electronic controller, is used to modulate the operation of the
crankcase heater, it must be utilized during the test.
1.3.16. Drawers. Drawers are to be treated as identical to doors
when conducting the DOE test procedure. Commercial refrigeration
equipment with drawers should be configured with the drawer pans
that allow for the maximum packing of test simulators and filler
packages without the filler packages and test simulators exceeding
90 percent of the refrigerated volume. Packing of test simulators
and filler packages shall be in accordance with the requirements
for commercial refrigerators without shelves, as specified in
section 6.2.3 of ASHRAE 72-2005 (incorporated by reference, see §
431.63).
2. Test Conditions
2.1. Integrated Average Temperatures. Conduct the testing
required in section 1 of this appendix B, and determine the daily
energy consumption at the applicable integrated average temperature
in the following table.
Category
Test procedure
Integrated average
temperature
(i) Refrigerator
with Solid Door(s)
AHRI Standard 1200 (I-P)-2010
1
38 °F (±2 °F).
(ii) Refrigerator
with Transparent Door(s)
AHRI Standard 1200 (I-P)-2010
1
38 °F (±2 °F).
(iii) Freezer with
Solid Door(s)
AHRI Standard 1200 (I-P)-2010
1
0 °F (±2 °F).
(iv) Freezer with
Transparent Door(s)
AHRI Standard 1200 (I-P)-2010
1
0 °F (±2 °F).
(v)
Refrigerator-Freezer with Solid Door(s)
AHRI Standard 1200 (I-P)-2010
1
38 °F (±2 °F) for refrigerator
compartment.
0 °F (±2 °F) for freezer compartment.
(vi) Commercial
Refrigerator with a Self-Contained Condensing Unit Designed for
Pull-Down Temperature Applications and Transparent Doors
AHRI Standard 1200 (I-P)-2010
1
38 °F (±2 °F).
(vii) Ice-Cream
Freezer
AHRI Standard 1200 (I-P)-2010
1
−15.0 °F (±2 °F).
(viii) Commercial
Refrigerator, Freezer, and Refrigerator-Freezer with a
Self-Contained Condensing Unit and without Doors
AHRI Standard 1200 (I-P)-2010
1
(A) 0 °F (±2 °F) for low
temperature applications.
(B) 38.0 °F (±2 °F) for medium temperature applications.
(ix) Commercial
Refrigerator, Freezer, and Refrigerator-Freezer with a Remote
Condensing Unit
AHRI Standard 1200 (I-P)-2010
1
(A) 0 °F (±2 °F) for low
temperature applications.
(B) 38.0 °F (±2 °F) for medium temperature applications.
1 Incorporated by reference, see
§ 431.63.
2.2. Lowest Application Product Temperature. If a unit of
commercial refrigeration equipment is not able to be operated at
the integrated average temperature specified in the table in
paragraph 2.1 of this appendix, test the unit at the lowest
application product temperature (LAPT), as defined in § 431.62. For
units equipped with a thermostat, LAPT is the lowest thermostat
setting. For remote condensing equipment without a thermostat or
other means of controlling temperature at the case, the lowest
application product temperature is the temperature achieved with
the dew point temperature (as defined in AHRI Standard 1200
(I-P)-2010 (incorporated by reference, see § 431.63)) set to 5
degrees colder than that required to maintain the manufacturer's
lowest specified application temperature.
2.3. Testing at NSF Test Conditions. For commercial
refrigeration equipment that is also tested in accordance with NSF
test procedures (Type I and Type II), integrated average
temperatures and ambient conditions used for NSF testing may be
used in place of the DOE-prescribed integrated average temperatures
and ambient conditions provided they result in a more stringent
test. That is, the measured daily energy consumption of the same
unit, when tested at the rating temperatures and/or ambient
conditions specified in the DOE test procedure, must be lower than
or equal to the measured daily energy consumption of the unit when
tested with the rating temperatures or ambient conditions used for
NSF testing. The integrated average temperature measured during the
test may be lower than the range specified by the DOE applicable
temperature specification provided in paragraph 2.1 of this
appendix, but may not exceed the upper value of the specified
range. Ambient temperatures and/or humidity values may be higher
than those specified in the DOE test procedure.
3. Volume and Total Display Area
3.1. Determination of Volume. Determine the volume of a
commercial refrigerator, freezer, refrigerator-freezer, or
ice-cream freezer using the method set forth in the HRF-1-2008
(incorporated by reference, see § 431.63), section 3.30, “Volume,”
and sections 4.1 through 4.3, “Method for Computing Refrigerated
Volume of Refrigerators, Refrigerator-Freezers, Wine Chillers and
Freezers.”
3.2. Determination of Total Display Area. Determine the total
display area of a commercial refrigerator, freezer,
refrigerator-freezer, or ice-cream freezer using the method set
forth in ARI Standard 1200-2006 (incorporated by reference, see §
431.63), but disregarding the specification that “transparent
material (≥65% light transmittance) in Appendix D. Specifically,
total display area shall be the sum of the projected area(s) of
visible product, expressed in ft 2 (i.e., portions through
which product can be viewed from an angle normal, or perpendicular,
to the transparent area). Determine L as the interior length of the
CRE model, provided no more than 5 inches of that length consists
of non-transparent material. For those cases with greater than 5
inches of non-transparent area, L shall be determined as the
projected linear dimension(s) of visible product plus 5 inches of
non-transparent area.
See Figures A3.1, A3.2, and A3.3 as examples of how to calculate
the dimensions associated with calculation of total display area.
In the diagrams, Dh and L represent the dimensions of the projected
visible product.
[79 FR 22308, Apr.
21, 2014]
Appendix B to Subpart G of Part 431 - Uniform Test Method for the Measurement of Standby Loss of Electric Storage Water Heaters and Storage-Type Instantaneous Water Heaters
10:3.0.1.4.19.7.64.6.52 : Appendix B
Appendix B to Subpart G of Part 431 - Uniform Test Method for the
Measurement of Standby Loss of Electric Storage Water Heaters and
Storage-Type Instantaneous Water Heaters
Note: Prior to November 6, 2017, manufacturers must make
any representations with respect to the energy use or efficiency of
the subject commercial water heating equipment in accordance with
the results of testing pursuant to this appendix or the procedures
in 10 CFR 431.106 that were in place on January 1, 2016. On and
after November 6, 2017, manufacturers must make any representations
with respect to energy use or efficiency of electric storage water
heaters and storage-type instantaneous water heaters in accordance
with the results of testing pursuant to this appendix to
demonstrate compliance with the energy conservation standards at 10
CFR 431.110.
1. General
Determine the standby loss in accordance with the following
sections of this appendix. Certain sections reference sections of
Annex E.1 of ANSI Z21.10.3-2015 (incorporated by reference; see §
431.105). Where the instructions contained in the sections below
conflict with instructions in Annex E.1 of ANSI Z21.10.3-2015, the
instructions contained in this appendix control.
2. Test Set-Up
2.1. Placement of Water Heater. A water heater for
installation on combustible floors must be placed on a 3/4-inch
plywood platform supported by three 2 × 4-inch runners. If the
water heater is for installation on noncombustible floors, suitable
noncombustible material must be placed on the platform. When the
use of the platform for a large water heater is not practical, the
water heater may be placed on any suitable flooring. A wall-mounted
water heater must be mounted on a simulated wall section.
2.2. Installation of Temperature Sensors. Inlet
and outlet piping must be turned vertically downward from the
connections on a tank-type water heater so as to form heat traps.
Temperature sensors for measuring supply water temperature must be
installed upstream of the inlet heat trap piping, in accordance
with Figure 2.1, 2.2, or 2.3 (as applicable) of this appendix.
The water heater must meet the requirements shown in either
Figure 2.1, 2.2, or 2.3 (as applicable) at all times during the
conduct of the standby loss test. Any factory-supplied heat traps
must be installed per the installation instructions while ensuring
the requirements in Figure 2.1, 2.2, or 2.3 are met. All dimensions
specified in Figure 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3 are measured from the outer
surface of the pipes and water heater outer casing (as
applicable).
2.3. Installation of Temperature Sensors for Measurement of
Mean Tank Temperature. Install temperature sensors inside the
tank for measurement of mean tank temperature according to the
instructions in paragraph f of Annex E.1 of ANSI Z21.10.3-2015
(incorporated by reference; see § 431.105 rt). Calculate the mean
tank temperature as the average of the six installed temperature
sensors.
2.4. Piping Insulation. Insulate all water piping
external to the water heater jacket, including heat traps and
piping that is installed by the manufacturer or shipped with the
unit, for at least 4 ft of piping length from the connection at the
appliance, with material having an R-value not less than 4 °F·ft
2·h/Btu. Ensure that the insulation does not contact any appliance
surface except at the location where the pipe connections penetrate
the appliance jacket or enclosure.
2.5. Temperature and Pressure Relief Valve Insulation. If
the manufacturer or has not provided a temperature and pressure
relief valve, one shall be installed and insulated as specified in
section 2.4 of this appendix.
2.6. Energy Consumption. Install equipment that
determines, within ± 1 percent, the quantity of electricity
consumed by factory-supplied water heater components.
3. Test Conditions 3.1. Water Supply
3.1.1. Water Supply Pressure. The pressure of the
water supply must be maintained between 40 psi and the maximum
pressure specified by the manufacturer of the unit being tested.
The accuracy of the pressure-measuring devices must be within ± 1.0
pounds per square inch (psi).
3.1.2. Water Supply Temperature. When filling the tank
with water prior to the soak-in period, maintain the supply water
temperature at 70 °F ± 2 °F.
3.1.3. Isolate the water heater using a shutoff valve in the
supply line with an expansion tank installed in the supply line
downstream of the shutoff valve. There must be no shutoff means
between the expansion tank and the appliance inlet.
3.2. Electrical Supply. Maintain the electrical supply
voltage to within ± 5 percent of the voltage specified on the water
heater nameplate. If a voltage range is specified on the nameplate,
maintain the voltage to within ± 5 percent of the center of the
voltage range specified on the nameplate.
3.3. Ambient Room Temperature. During the soak-in
period and the standby loss test, maintain the ambient room
temperature at 75 °F ± 10 °F at all times. Measure the ambient room
temperature at 1-minute intervals during these periods, except for
the soak-in period. Measure the ambient room temperature once
before beginning the soak-in period, and ensure no actions are
taken during the soak-in period that would cause the ambient room
temperature to deviate from the allowable range. Measure the
ambient room temperature at the vertical mid-point of the water
heater and approximately 2 feet from the water heater jacket.
Shield the sensor against radiation. Calculate the average ambient
room temperature for the standby loss test. During the standby loss
test, the ambient room temperature must not vary by more than ± 5.0
°F at any reading from the average ambient room temperature.
3.4. Maximum Air Draft. During the standby loss
test, the water heater must be located in an area protected from
drafts of more than 50 ft/min. Prior to beginning the standby loss
test, measure the air draft within three feet of the jacket of the
water heater to ensure this condition is met. Ensure that no other
changes that would increase the air draft are made to the test
set-up or conditions during the conduct of the test.
3.5. Setting the Tank Thermostat(s). Before
starting the required soak-in period, the thermostat setting(s)
must first be obtained as explained in the following sections. The
thermostat setting(s) must be obtained by starting with the tank
full of water at 70 °F ± 2 °F. After the tank is completely filled
with water at 70 °F ± 2 °F, turn off the water flow, and set the
thermostat(s) as follows.
3.5.1. For water heaters with a single thermostat, the
thermostat setting must be set so that the maximum mean tank
temperature after cut-out is 140 °F ± 5 °F.
3.5.2. For water heaters with multiple adjustable thermostats,
set only the topmost and bottommost thermostats, and turn off any
other thermostats for the duration of the standby loss test. Set
the topmost thermostat first to yield a maximum mean water
temperature after cut-out of 140 °F ± 5 °F, as calculated using
only the temperature readings measured at locations in the tank
higher than the heating element corresponding to the topmost
thermostat (the lowermost heating element corresponding to the
topmost thermostat if the thermostat controls more than one
element). While setting the topmost thermostat, all lower
thermostats must be turned off so that no elements below that
(those) corresponding to the topmost thermostat are in operation.
After setting the topmost thermostat, set the bottommost thermostat
to yield a maximum mean water temperature after cut-out of 140 °F ±
5 °F. When setting the bottommost thermostat, calculate the mean
tank temperature using all the temperature sensors installed in the
tank as per section 2.3 of this appendix.
3.6. Data Collection Intervals. Follow the data recording
intervals specified in the following sections.
3.6.1. Soak-In Period. Measure the ambient room
temperature, in °F, every minute during the soak-in period.
3.6.2. Standby Loss Test. Follow the data
recording intervals specified in Table 3.1 of this appendix.
Additionally, the electricity consumption over the course of the
entire test must be measured and used in calculation of standby
loss.
Table 3.1 - Data To Be Recorded Before and
During the Standby Loss Test
Item recorded
Before test
Every 1
minute a
Air draft,
ft/min
X
Time,
minutes/seconds
X
Mean tank
temperature, °F
X b
Ambient room
temperature, °F
X
Notes:
a These measurements are to be
recorded at the start and end of the test, as well as every minute
during the test.
b Mean tank temperature is
calculated as the average of the 6 tank temperature sensors,
installed per section 2.3 of this appendix.
4. Determination of Storage Volume. Determine the storage
volume by subtracting the tare weight, measured while the system is
dry and empty, from the weight of the system when filled with water
and dividing the resulting net weight of water by the density of
water at the measured water temperature. The volume of water
contained in the water heater must be computed in gallons.
5. Standby Loss Test
5.1. If no settings on the water heater have changed and
the water heater has not been turned off since a previously run
standby loss test, skip to section 5.3 of this appendix. Otherwise,
conduct the soak-in period according to section 5.2 of this
appendix.
5.2. Soak-In Period. Conduct a soak-in period, in which
the water heater must sit without any draws taking place for at
least 12 hours. Begin the soak-in period after setting the tank
thermostat(s) as specified in section 3.5 of this appendix, and
maintain these settings throughout the soak-in period.
5.3. Begin the standby loss test at the first cut-out following
the end of the soak-in period (if applicable), or at a cut-out
following the previous standby loss test (if applicable). Allow the
water heater to remain in standby mode. At this point, do not
change any settings on the water heater until measurements for the
standby loss test are finished. Begin recording applicable
parameters as specified in section 3.6.2 of this appendix.
5.4. At the second cut-out, record the time and ambient room
temperature, and begin measuring the electric consumption. Record
the initial mean tank temperature and initial ambient room
temperature. For the remainder of the test, continue recording the
applicable parameters specified in section 3.6.2 of this
appendix.
5.5. Stop the test after the first cut-out that occurs after 24
hours, or at 48 hours, whichever comes first.
5.6. Immediately after conclusion of the standby loss
test, record the total electrical energy consumption, the final
ambient room temperature, the duration of the standby loss test,
and if the test ends at 48 hours without a cut-out, the final mean
tank temperature, or if the test ends after a cut-out, the maximum
mean tank temperature that occurs after the cut-out. Calculate the
average of the recorded values of the mean tank temperature and of
the ambient air temperatures taken at each measurement interval,
including the initial and final values.
5.7. Standby Loss Calculation. To calculate the
standby loss, follow the steps below:
5.7.1 The standby loss expressed as a percentage (per
hour) of the heat content of the stored water above room
temperature must be calculated using the following equation:
Where,
ΔT3 = Average value of the mean tank temperature minus the average
value of the ambient room temperature, expressed in °F ΔT4 = Final
mean tank temperature measured at the end of the test minus the
initial mean tank temperature measured at the start of the test,
expressed in °F k = 8.25 Btu/gallon· °F, the nominal specific heat
of water Va = Volume of water contained in the water heater in
gallons measured in accordance with section 4 of this appendix Et =
Thermal efficiency = 98 percent for electric water heaters with
immersed heating elements Ec = Electrical energy consumed by the
water heater during the duration of the test in Btu t = Total
duration of the test in hours S = Standby loss, the average hourly
energy required to maintain the stored water temperature expressed
as a percentage of the heat content of the stored water above room
temperature [81 FR 79328, Nov. 10, 2016]
Appendix B to Subpart Q of Part 431 - Uniform Test Method for the Measurement of Energy Consumption of Refrigerated Bottled or Canned Beverage Vending Machines
10:3.0.1.4.19.17.83.6.58 : Appendix B
Appendix B to Subpart Q of Part 431 - Uniform Test Method for the
Measurement of Energy Consumption of Refrigerated Bottled or Canned
Beverage Vending Machines Note:
After January 27, 2016, manufacturers must make any
representations with respect to energy use or efficiency in
accordance with the results of testing pursuant to appendix A of
this subpart to demonstrate compliance with the energy conservation
standards at 10 CFR 431.296, for which compliance was required as
of August 31, 2012. Alternatively, manufacturers may make
representations based on testing in accordance with this appendix
prior to the compliance date of any amended energy conservation
standards, provided that such representations demonstrate
compliance with such amended energy conservation standards. Any
representations made on or after the compliance date of any amended
energy conservation standards, must be made in accordance with the
results of testing pursuant to this appendix. Any representations
made with respect to the energy use or efficiency of such
refrigerated beverage vending machines must be in accordance with
whichever version is selected.
1. General. Section 3, “Definitions”; section 4,
“Instruments”; section 5, “Vendible Capacity”; section 6, “Test
Conditions”; section 7.1, “Test Procedures - General Requirements”;
and section 7.2, “Energy Consumption Test” of ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1
(incorporated by reference; see § 431.293) apply to this appendix
except as noted throughout this appendix. In cases where there is a
conflict, the language of the test procedure in this appendix takes
precedence over ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1.
1.1. Instruments. In addition to the instrument accuracy
requirements in section 3, “Instruments,” of ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1
(incorporated by reference, see § 431.293), humidity shall be
measured with a calibrated instrument accurate to ±2 percent RH at
the specified ambient relative humidity condition specified in
section 2.1.3 of this appendix.
1.2. Definitions. In addition to the definitions
specified in section 3, “Definitions,” of ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1
(incorporated by reference, see § 431.293) the following
definitions are also applicable to this appendix.
Accessory low power mode means a state in which a
beverage vending machine's lighting and/or other energy-using
systems are in low power mode, but that is not a refrigeration low
power mode. Functions that may constitute an accessory low power
mode may include, for example, dimming or turning off lights, but
does not include adjustment of the refrigeration system to elevate
the temperature of the refrigerated compartment(s).
External accessory standby mode means the mode of
operation in which any external, integral customer display signs,
lighting, or digital screens are connected to mains power; do not
produce the intended illumination, display, or interaction
functionality; and can be switched into another mode automatically
with only a remote user-generated or an internal signal.
Instantaneous average next-to-vend beverage temperature
means the spatial average of all standard test packages in the
next-to-vend beverages positions at a given time.
Integrated average temperature means the average
temperature of all standard test package measurements in the
next-to-vend beverage positions taken over the duration of the
test, expressed in degrees Fahrenheit ( °F).
Low power mode means a state in which a beverage vending
machine's lighting, refrigeration, and/or other energy-using
systems are automatically adjusted (without user intervention) such
that they consume less energy than they consume in an active
vending environment.
Lowest application product temperature means the lowest
integrated average temperature a given basic model is capable of
maintaining so as to comply with the temperature stabilization
requirements specified in section 7.2.2.2 of ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1
(incorporated by reference, see § 431.293).
Refrigeration low power mode means a state in which a
beverage vending machine's refrigeration system is in low power
mode because of elevation of the temperature of the refrigerated
compartment(s). To qualify as low power mode, the unit must satisfy
the requirements described in section 2.3.2.1 of this appendix.
2. Test Procedure.
2.1. Test Conditions. The test conditions specified in
section 6, “Test Conditions” of ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1 (incorporated by
reference, see § 431.293) apply to this appendix except that in
section 6.1, “Voltage and Frequency,” of ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1, the
voltage and frequency tolerances specified in section 6.1.a of
ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1 also apply equivalently to section 6.1.b of
ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1 for equipment with dual nameplate voltages.
2.1.1. Average Beverage Temperature. The integrated
average temperature measured during the test must be within ±1 °F
of the value specified in Table B.1 of this appendix or the lowest
application product temperature for models tested in accordance
with paragraph 2.1.3 of this appendix. The measurement of
integrated average temperature must begin after temperature
stabilization has been achieve and continue for the following 24
consecutive hours. All references to “Table 1” in ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1
(incorporated by reference, see § 431.293) shall instead be
interpreted as references to Table B.1 of this appendix and all
references to “average beverage temperature” in ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1
shall instead be interpreted as references to the integrated
average temperature as defined in section 1.2 of this appendix,
except as noted in section 2.1.1.1 of this appendix.
2.1.1.1. Temperature Stabilization. Temperature
stabilization shall be determined in accordance with section
7.2.2.2 of ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1 (incorporated by reference § 431.293),
except that the reference to “average beverage temperature” shall
instead refer to the “instantaneous average next-to-vend beverage
temperature,” as defined in section 1.2 of this appendix, and the
reference to “Table 1” shall instead refer to Table A.1 of this
appendix. That is, temperature stabilization is considered to be
achieved 24 hours after the instantaneous average next-to-vend
beverage temperature reaches the specified value (see Table A.1)
and energy consumption for two successive 6 hour periods are within
2 percent of each other.
2.1.2. Ambient Test Conditions. The refrigerated bottled
or canned beverage vending machine must be tested at the test
conditions and tolerances specified in the following Table B.1 of
this appendix. The specified ambient temperature and humidity
conditions shall be maintained within the ranges specified for each
recorded measurement. All references to “Table 1” in ANSI/ASHRAE
32.1 (incorporated by reference, see § 431.293) shall instead be
interpreted as references to Table B.1 of this appendix. In
contrast to the requirements of section 6.1 and Table 1 of
ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1, conduct testing only one time at the conditions
referenced in Table B.1 of this appendix. Testing at alternate
ambient conditions is not required or permitted.
Table B.1 - Ambient Temperature and
Relative Humidity Specified Value and Tolerance
Test and pretest
condition
Value
Tolerance
Acceptable range
(based on value and tolerance)
Instantaneous
Average Next-to-Vend Temperature
36 °F
±1 °F
35-37 °F.
Integrated Average
Temperature
36 °F
±1 °F
N/A (value is averaged
throughout test).
Ambient
Temperature
75 °F
±2 °F
73-77 °F.
Relative
Humidity
45 percent RH
±5 percent RH
40-50 percent RH.
2.1.3. Lowest Application Product Temperature. If a
refrigerated bottled or canned beverage vending machine is not
capable of maintaining an integrated average temperature of 36 °F
(±1 °F) during the 24 hour test period, the unit must be tested at
the lowest application product temperature, as defined in section
1.2 of this appendix. For refrigerated bottled or canned beverage
vending machines equipped with a thermostat, the lowest application
product temperature is the integrated average temperature achieved
at the lowest thermostat setting.
2.2. Equipment Installation and Test Set Up. Except as
provided in this section 2.2 of appendix, the test procedure for
energy consumption of refrigerated bottled or canned beverage
vending machines shall be conducted in accordance with the methods
specified in sections 7.1 through 7.2.2.3 under “Test Procedures”
of ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1 (incorporated by reference, see § 431.293).
2.2.1. Equipment Loading. Configure refrigerated bottled
or canned beverage vending machines to hold the maximum number of
standard products, and place standard test packages in the
refrigerated compartment(s) as specified in section 2.2.1.1 or
2.2.1.2 of this appendix.
2.2.1.1. Placement of Standard Test Packages for Equipment
with Products Arranged Horizontally. For refrigerated bottled
or canned beverage vending machines with products arranged
horizontally (e.g., on shelves or in product spirals), place
standard test packages in the refrigerated compartment(s) in the
following locations, as shown in Figure B.1:
(a) For odd-number shelves, when counting starting from the
bottom shelf, standard test packages shall be placed at:
(1) The left-most next-to-vend product location;
(2) The right-most next-to-vend product location; and
(3) For equipment with greater than or equal to five product
locations on each shelf, either:
(i) The next-to-vend product location in the center of the shelf
(i.e., equidistant from the left-most and right-most
next-to-vend product locations) if there are an odd number of
next-to-vend products on the shelf or,
(ii) The next-to-vend product location immediately to the right
and the left of the center position if there are an even number of
next-to-vend products on the shelf.
(b) For even-numbered shelves, when counting from the bottom
shelf, standard test packages shall be places at either:
(1) For equipment with less than or equal to six next-to-vend
product locations on each shelf, the next-to-vend product
location(s);
(i) One position towards the center from the left-most
next-to-vend product location; and
(ii) One location towards to the center from the right-most
next-to-vend product location; or
(2) For equipment with greater than six next-to-vend product
locations on each shelf, the next-to-vend product locations:
(i) Two selections towards the center from the left-most
next-to-vend product location; and
(ii) Two locations towards to the center from the right-most
next-to-vend product location.
2.2.1.2. Placement of Standard Test Packages for Equipment
with Products Arranged Vertically. For refrigerated bottled or
canned beverage vending machines with products arranged vertically
(e.g., in stacks), place standard test packages in the
refrigerated compartment(s) in each next-to-vend product
location.
2.2.1.3. Loading of Combination Vending Machines. For
combination vending machines, the non-refrigerated compartment(s)
must not be loaded with any standard products, test packages, or
other vendible merchandise.
2.2.1.4. Standard Products. The standard product shall be
standard 12-ounce aluminum beverage cans filled with a liquid with
a density of 1.0 grams per milliliter (g/mL) ±0.1 g/mL at 36 °F.
For product storage racks that are not capable of vending 12-ounce
cans, but are capable of vending 20-ounce bottles, the standard
product shall be 20-ounce plastic bottles filled with a liquid with
a density of 1.0 g/mL ±0.1 g/mL at 36 °F. For product storage racks
that are not capable of vending 12-ounce cans or 20-ounce bottles,
the standard product shall be the packaging and contents specified
by the manufacturer in product literature as the standard product
(i.e., the specific merchandise the refrigerated bottled or
canned beverage vending machine is designed to vend).
2.2.1.5. Standard Test Packages. A standard test package
is a standard product, as specified in 2.2.1.4 of this appendix,
altered to include a temperature-measuring instrument at its center
of mass.
2.2.2. Sensor Placement. The integrated average
temperature of next-to-vend beverages shall be measured in standard
test packages in the next-to-vend product locations specified in
section 2.2.1.1 of this appendix. Do not run the thermocouple wire
and other measurement apparatus through the dispensing door; the
thermocouple wire and other measurement apparatus must be
configured and sealed so as to minimize air flow between the
interior refrigerated volume and the ambient room air. If a
manufacturer chooses to employ a method other than routing
thermocouple and sensor wires through the door gasket and ensuring
the gasket is compressed around the wire to ensure a good seal,
then it must maintain a record of the method used in the data
underlying that basic model's certification pursuant to 10 CFR
429.71.
2.2.3. Vending Mode Test Period. The vending mode test
period begins after temperature stabilization has been achieved, as
described in ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1 section 7.2.2.2 (incorporated by
reference, see § 431.293) and continues for 18 hours for equipment
with an accessory low power mode or for 24 hours for equipment
without an accessory low power mode. For the vending mode test
period, equipment that has energy-saving features that cannot be
disabled shall have those features set to the most energy-consuming
settings, except for as specified in section 2.2.4 of this
appendix. In addition, all energy management systems shall be
disabled. Instead of testing pursuant to sections 7.1.1(d) and
7.2.2.4 of ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1, provide, if necessary, any physical
stimuli or other input to the machine needed to prevent automatic
activation of low power modes during the vending mode test
period.
2.2.4. Accessory Low Power Mode Test Period. For
equipment with an accessory low power mode, the accessory low power
mode may be engaged for 6 hours, beginning 18 hours after the
temperature stabilization requirements established in section
7.2.2.2 of ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1 (incorporated by reference, see §
431.293) have been achieved, and continuing until the end of the
24-hour test period. During the accessory low power mode test,
operate the refrigerated bottled or canned beverage vending machine
with the lowest energy-consuming lighting and control settings that
constitute an accessory low power mode. The specification and
tolerances for integrated average temperature in Table B.1 of this
appendix still apply, and any refrigeration low power mode must not
be engaged. Instead of testing pursuant to sections 7.1.1(d) and
7.2.2.4 of ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1, provide, if necessary, any physical
stimuli or other input to the machine needed to prevent automatic
activation of refrigeration low power modes during the accessory
low power mode test period.
2.2.5. Accessories. Unless specified otherwise in this
appendix, all standard components that would be used during normal
operation of the basic model in the field and are necessary to
provide sufficient functionality for cooling and vending products
in field installations (i.e., product inventory, temperature
management, product merchandising(including, e.g., lighting
or signage), product selection, and product transport and delivery)
shall be in place during testing and shall be set to the maximum
energy-consuming setting if manually adjustable. Components not
necessary for the inventory, temperature management, product
merchandising (e.g., lighting or signage), product
selection, or product transport and delivery shall be de-energized.
If systems not required for the primary functionality of the
machine as stated in this section cannot be de-energized without
preventing the operation of the machine, then they shall be placed
in the lowest energy consuming state Components with controls that
are permanently operational and cannot be adjusted by the machine
operator shall be operated in their normal setting and consistent
with the requirements of 2.2.3 and 2.2.4 of this appendix. The
specific components and accessories listed in the subsequent
sections shall be operated as stated during the test, except when
controlled as part of a low power mode during the low power mode
test period.
2.2.5.1 Payment Mechanisms. Refrigerated bottled or
canned beverage vending machines shall be tested with no payment
mechanism in place, the payment mechanism in-place but
de-energized, or the payment mechanism in place but set to the
lowest energy consuming state, if it cannot be de-energized. A
default payment mechanism energy consumption value of 0.20 kWh/day
shall be added to the primary rated energy consumption per day, as
noted in section 2.3 of this appendix.
2.2.5.2. Internal Lighting. All lighting that is
contained within or is part of the internal physical boundary of
the refrigerated bottled or canned beverage vending machine, as
established by the top, bottom, and side panels of the equipment,
shall be placed in its maximum energy consuming state.
2.2.5.3. External Customer Display Signs, Lights, and Digital
Screens. All external customer display signs, lights, and
digital screens that are independent from the refrigeration or
vending performance of the refrigerated bottled or canned beverage
vending machine must be disconnected, disabled, or otherwise
de-energized for the duration of testing. Customer display signs,
lighting, and digital screens that are integrated into the beverage
vending machine cabinet or controls such that they cannot be
de-energized without disabling the refrigeration or vending
functions of the refrigerated bottled or canned beverage vending
machine or modifying the circuitry must be placed in external
accessory standby mode, if available, or their lowest
energy-consuming state. Digital displays that also serve a vending
or money processing function must be placed in the lowest
energy-consuming state that still allows the money processing
feature to function.
2.2.5.4. Anti-sweat or Other Electric Resistance Heaters.
Anti-sweat or other electric resistance heaters must be operational
during the entirety of the test procedure. Units with a
user-selectable setting must have the heaters energized and set to
the most energy-consumptive position. Units featuring an automatic,
non-user-adjustable controller that turns on or off based on
environmental conditions must be operating in the automatic state.
Units that are not shipped with a controller from the point of
manufacture, but are intended to be used with a controller, must be
equipped with an appropriate controller when tested.
2.2.5.5. Condensate Pan Heaters and Pumps. All electric
resistance condensate heaters and condensate pumps must be
installed and operational during the test. Prior to the start of
the test, including the 24 hour period used to determine
temperature stabilization prior to the start of the test period, as
described in ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1 section 7.2.2.2 (incorporated by
reference, see § 431.293), the condensate pan must be dry. For the
duration of the test, including the 24 hour time period necessary
for temperature stabilization, allow any condensate moisture
generated to accumulate in the pan. Do not manually add or remove
water from the condensate pan at any time during the test. Any
automatic controls that initiate the operation of the condensate
pan heater or pump based on water level or ambient conditions must
be enabled and operated in the automatic setting.
2.2.5.6. Illuminated Temperature Displays. All
illuminated temperature displays must be energized and operated
during the test the same way they would be energized and operated
during normal field operation, as recommended in manufacturer
product literature, including manuals.
2.2.5.7. Condenser Filters. Remove any nonpermanent
filters provided to prevent particulates from blocking a model's
condenser coil.
2.2.5.8. Security Covers. Remove any devices used to
secure the model from theft or tampering.
2.2.5.9. General Purpose Outlets. During the test, do not
connect any external load to any general purpose outlets available
on a unit.
2.2.5.10. Crankcase Heaters and Other Electric Resistance
Heaters for Cold Weather. Crankcase heaters and other electric
resistance heaters for cold weather must be operational during the
test. If a control system, such as a thermostat or electronic
controller, is used to modulate the operation of the heater, it
must be activated during the test and operated in accordance with
the manufacturer's instructions.
2.2.6. Sampling and Recording of Data. Record the data
listed in section 7.2.2.3 of ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1 (incorporated by
reference, see § 431.293), at least every 1 minute. For the purpose
of this section, “average beverage temperature,” listed in section
7.2.2.3 of ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1, means “instantaneous average
next-to-vend beverage temperature.”
2.3. Determination of Daily Energy Consumption. In
section 7.2.3.1 of ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1 (incorporated by reference, see
§ 431.293), the primary rated energy consumption per day
(ED) shall be the energy measured during the vending mode
test period and accessory low power mode test period, as specified
in sections 2.2.3 and 2.2.4 of this appendix, as applicable.
2.3.1. Energy Consumption of Payment Mechanisms.
Calculate the sum of:
(a) The default payment mechanism energy consumption value from
section 2.2.5.1 and
(b) The primary rated energy consumption per day (ED), in
kWh, and determined in accordance with the calculation procedure in
section 7.2.3.1, “Calculation of Daily Energy Consumption,” of
ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1 (incorporated by reference, see § 431.293).
2.3.2. Refrigeration Low Power Mode. For refrigerated
bottled or canned beverage vending machines with a refrigeration
low power mode, multiply the value determined in section 2.3.1 of
this appendix by 0.97 to determine the daily energy consumption of
the unit tested. For refrigerated bottled or canned beverage
vending machines without a refrigeration low power mode, the value
determined in section 2.3.1 is the daily energy consumption of the
unit tested.
2.3.2.1. Refrigeration Low Power Mode Validation Test
Method. This test method is not required for the certification
of refrigerated bottled or canned beverage vending machines. To
verify the existence of a refrigeration low power mode, initiate
the refrigeration low power mode in accordance with manufacturer
instructions contained in product literature and manuals, after
completion of the 6-hour low power mode test period. Continue
recording all the data specified in section 2.2.6 of this appendix
until existence of a refrigeration low power mode has been
confirmed or denied. The refrigerated bottled or canned beverage
vending machine shall be deemed to have a refrigeration low power
mode if either:
(a) The following three requirements have been satisfied:
(1) The instantaneous average next-to-vend beverage temperature
must reach at least 4 °F above the integrated average temperature
or lowest application product temperature, as applicable, within 6
hours.
(2) The instantaneous average next-to-vend beverage temperature
must be maintained at least 4 °F above the integrated average
temperature or lowest application product temperature, as
applicable, for at least 1 hour.
(3) After the instantaneous average next-to-vend beverage
temperature is maintained at or above 4 °F above the integrated
average temperature or lowest application product temperature, as
applicable, for at least 1 hour, the refrigerated beverage vending
machine must return to the specified integrated average temperature
or lowest application product temperature, as applicable,
automatically without direct physical intervention.
(b) Or, the compressor does not cycle on for the entire 6 hour
period, in which case the instantaneous average beverage
temperature does not have to reach 4 °F above the integrated
average temperature or lowest application product temperature, as
applicable, but, the equipment must still automatically return to
the integrated average temperature or lowest application product
temperature, as applicable, after the 6 hour period without direct
physical intervention.
2.3.3. Calculations and Rounding. In all cases, the
primary rated energy consumption per day (ED) must be
calculated with raw measured values and the final result rounded to
units of 0.01 kWh/day.
3. Determination of Refrigeration Volume, Vendible Capacity,
and Surface Area.
3.1. Refrigerated Volume. Determine the “refrigerated
volume” of refrigerated bottled or canned beverage vending machines
in accordance with Appendix C, “Measurement of Volume,” of
ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1 (incorporated by reference, see § 431.293). For
combination vending machines, the “refrigerated volume” does not
include any non-refrigerated compartment(s).
3.2. Vendible Capacity. Determine the “vendible capacity”
of refrigerated bottled or canned beverage vending machines in
accordance with the first paragraph of section 5, “Vending Machine
Capacity,” of ANSI/ASHRAE 32.1 (incorporated by reference, see §
431.293). For combination vending machines, the “vendible capacity”
includes only the capacity of any portion of the refrigerated
bottled or canned beverage vending machine that is refrigerated and
does not include the capacity of the non-refrigerated
compartment(s).
3.3. Determination of Surface Area. Note: This section is
not required for the certification of refrigerated bottled or
canned beverage vending machines. Determine the surface area of
each beverage vending machine as the length multiplied by the
height of outermost surface of the beverage vending machine
cabinet, measured from edge to edge excluding any legs or other
protrusions that extend beyond the dimensions of the primary
cabinet. Determine the transparent and non-transparent areas on
each side of a beverage vending machine as the total surface area
of material that is transparent or is not transparent,
respectively.
[80 FR 45793, July 31, 2015]
Appendix B to Subpart R of Part 431 - Uniform Test Method for the Measurement of R-Value for Envelope Components of Walk-In Coolers and Walk-In Freezers
10:3.0.1.4.19.18.85.7.60 : Appendix B
Appendix B to Subpart R of Part 431 - Uniform Test Method for the
Measurement of R-Value for Envelope Components of Walk-In Coolers
and Walk-In Freezers 1.0 Scope
This appendix covers the test requirements used to measure the
R-value of non-display panels and non-display doors of a walk-in
cooler or walk-in freezer.
2.0 Definitions
The definitions contained in § 431.302 apply to this
appendix.
3.0 Additional Definitions
3.1 Edge region means a region of the panel that is wide
enough to encompass any framing members. If the panel contains
framing members (e.g., a wood frame) then the width of the
edge region must be as wide as any framing member plus an
additional 2 in. ± 0.25 in.
4.0 Test Methods, Measurements, and Calculations
4.1 The R value shall be the 1/K factor multiplied by the
thickness of the panel.
4.2 The K factor shall be based on ASTM C518 (incorporated by
reference; see § 431.303).
4.3 For calculating the R value for freezers, the K factor of
the foam at 20 ± 1 degrees Fahrenheit (average foam temperature)
shall be used. Test results from a test sample 1 ±0.1-inches in
thickness may be used to determine the R value of panels with
various foam thickness as long as the foam is of the same final
chemical form.
4.4 For calculating the R value for coolers, the K factor of the
foam at 55 ± 1 degrees Fahrenheit (average foam temperature) shall
be used. Test results from a test sample 1 ± 0.1-inches in
thickness may be used to determine the R value of panels with
various foam thickness as long as the foam is of the same final
chemical form.
4.5 Foam shall be tested after it is produced in its final
chemical form. For foam produced inside of a panel
(“foam-in-place”), “final chemical form” means the foam is cured as
intended and ready for use as a finished panel. For foam produced
as board stock (typically polystyrene), “final chemical form” means
after extrusion and ready for assembly into a panel or after
assembly into a panel. Foam from foam-in-place panels must not
include any structural members or non-foam materials. Foam produced
as board stock may be tested prior to its incorporation into a
final panel. A test sample 1 ± 0.1-inches in thickness must be
taken from the center of a panel and any protective skins or facers
must be removed. A high-speed band-saw and a meat slicer are two
types of recommended cutting tools. Hot wire cutters or other
heated tools must not be used for cutting foam test samples. The
two surfaces of the test sample that will contact the hot plate
assemblies (as defined in ASTM C518 (incorporated by reference, see
§ 431.303)) must both maintain ±0.03 inches flatness tolerance and
also maintain parallelism with respect to one another within ±0.03
inches. Testing must be completed within 24 hours of samples being
cut for testing.
4.6 Internal non-foam member and/or edge regions shall not be
considered when testing in accordance with ASTM C518 (incorporated
by reference, see § 431.303).
4.7 For panels consisting of two or more layers of dissimilar
insulating materials (excluding facers or protective skins), test
each material as described in sections 4.1 through 4.6 of this
appendix. For a panel with N layers of insulating material, the
overall R-Value shall be calculated as follows:
Where: ki
is the k factor of the ith material as measured by ASTM C518,
(incorporated by reference, see § 431.303); ti is the thickness of
the ith material that appears in the panel; and N is the total
number of material layers that appears in the panel. [81 FR 95803,
Dec. 28, 2016]
Appendix B to Subpart Y of Part 431 - Uniform Test Method for the Measurement of Energy Efficiency of Dedicated-Purpose Pool Pumps
10:3.0.1.4.19.25.89.7.65 : Appendix B
Appendix B to Subpart Y of Part 431 - Uniform Test Method for the
Measurement of Energy Efficiency of Dedicated-Purpose Pool Pumps
Note:
On February 5, 2018 but before July 19, 2021, any
representations made with respect to the energy use or efficiency
of dedicated-purpose pool pumps subject to testing pursuant to 10
CFR 431.464(b) must be made in accordance with the results of
testing pursuant to this appendix. Any optional representations of
energy factor (EF) must be accompanied by a representation of
weighted energy factor (WEF).
I. Test Procedure for Dedicated-Purpose Pool Pumps A. General
A.1 Test Method. To determine the weighted energy factor (WEF)
for dedicated-purpose pool pumps, perform “wire-to-water” testing
in accordance with HI 40.6-2014-B, except section 40.6.4.1,
“Vertically suspended pumps”; section 40.6.4.2, “Submersible
pumps”; section 40.6.5.3, “Test report”; section 40.6.5.5, “Test
conditions”; section 40.6.5.5.2, “Speed of rotation during
testing”; section 40.6.6.1, “Translation of test results to rated
speed of rotation”; section 40.6.6.2, “Pump efficiency”; section
40.6.6.3, “Performance curve”; section A.7, “Testing at
temperatures exceeding 30 °C (86 °F)”; and appendix B, “Reporting
of test results”; (incorporated by reference, see § 431.463) with
the modifications and additions as noted throughout the provisions
below. Do not use the test points specified in section 40.6.5.5.1,
“Test procedure” of HI 40.6-2014-B and instead use those test
points specified in section D.3 of this appendix for the applicable
dedicated-purpose pool pump variety and speed configuration. When
determining overall efficiency, best efficiency point, or other
applicable pump energy performance information, section 40.6.5.5.1,
“Test procedure”; section 40.6.6.2, “Pump efficiency”; and section
40.6.6.3, “Performance curve” must be used, as applicable. For the
purposes of applying this appendix, the term “volume per unit
time,” as defined in section 40.6.2, “Terms and definitions,” of HI
40.6-2014-B shall be deemed to be synonymous with the term “flow
rate” used throughout that standard and this appendix.
A.2. Calculations and Rounding. All terms and quantities refer
to values determined in accordance with the procedures set forth in
this appendix for the rated pump. Perform all calculations using
raw measured values without rounding. Round WEF, EF, maximum head,
vertical lift, and true priming time values to the tenths place
(i.e., 0.1) and rated hydraulic horsepower to the
thousandths place (i.e., 0.001). Round all other reported
values to the hundredths place unless otherwise specified.
B. Measurement Equipment
B.1 For the purposes of measuring flow rate, speed of rotation,
temperature, and pump power output, the equipment specified in HI
40.6-2014-B Appendix C (incorporated by reference, see § 431.463)
necessary to measure head, speed of rotation, flow rate, and
temperature must be used and must comply with the stated accuracy
requirements in HI 40.6-2014-B Table 40.6.3.2.3, except as
specified in section B.1.1 and B.1.2 of this appendix. When more
than one instrument is used to measure a given parameter, the
combined accuracy, calculated as the root sum of squares of
individual instrument accuracies, must meet the specified accuracy
requirements.
B.1.1 Electrical measurement equipment for determining the
driver power input to the motor or controls must be capable of
measuring true root mean squared (RMS) current, true RMS voltage,
and real power up to the 40th harmonic of fundamental supply source
frequency, and have a combined accuracy of ±2.0 percent of the
measured value at the fundamental supply source frequency.
B.1.2 Instruments for measuring distance (e.g., height
above the reference plane or water level) must be accurate to and
have a resolution of at least ±0.1 inch.
B.2 Calibration. Calibration requirements for instrumentation
are specified in appendix D of HI 40.6-2014-B (incorporated by
reference, see § 431.463). Historical calibration data may be used
to justify time periods up to three times longer than those
specified in table D.1 of HI 40.6-2014-B provided the supporting
historical data shows maintenance of calibration of the given
instrument up to the selected extended calibration interval on at
least two unique occasions, based on the interval specified in HI
40.6-2014-B.
C. Test Conditions and Tolerances
C.1 Pump Specifications. Conduct testing at full impeller
diameter in accordance with the test conditions, stabilization
requirements, and specifications of HI 40.6-2014-B section 40.6.3,
“Pump efficiency testing”; section 40.6.4, “Considerations when
determining the efficiency of a pump”; section 40.6.5.4 (including
appendix A), “Test arrangements”; and section 40.6.5.5, “Test
conditions” (incorporated by reference, see § 431.463).
C.2 Power Supply Requirements. The following conditions also
apply to the mains power supplied to the DPPP motor or controls, if
any:
(1) Maintain the voltage within ±5 percent of the rated value of
the motor,
(2) Maintain the frequency within ±1 percent of the rated value
of the motor,
(3) Maintain the voltage unbalance of the power supply within ±3
percent of the value with which the motor was rated, and
(4) Maintain total harmonic distortion below 12 percent
throughout the test.
C.3 Test Conditions. Testing must be carried out with water that
is between 50 and 107 °F with less than or equal to 15
nephelometric turbidity units (NTU).
C.4 Tolerances. For waterfall pumps, multi-speed self-priming
and non-self-priming pool filter pumps, and variable-speed
self-priming and non-self-priming pool filter pumps all measured
load points must be within ±2.5 percent of the specified head value
and comply with any specified flow values or thresholds. For all
other dedicated-purpose pool pumps, all measured load points must
be within the greater of ±2.5 percent of the specified flow rate
values or ±0.5 gpm and comply with any specified head values or
thresholds.
D. Data Collection and Stabilization
D.1 Damping Devices. Use of damping devices, as described in
section 40.6.3.2.2 of HI 40.6-2014-B (incorporated by reference,
see § 431.463), are only permitted to integrate up to the data
collection interval used during testing.
D.2 Stabilization. Record data at any tested load point only
under stabilized conditions, as defined in HI 40.6-2014-B section
40.6.5.5.1 (incorporated by reference, see § 431.463), where a
minimum of two measurements are used to determine
stabilization.
D.3 Test Points. Measure the flow rate in gpm, pump total head
in ft, the driver power input in W, and the speed of rotation in
rpm at each load point specified in Table 1 of this appendix for
each DPPP variety and speed configuration:
Table 1 - Load Points (i) and Weights (wi)
for Each DPPP Variety and Speed Configuration
DPPP
varieties
Speed
configuration(s)
Number of load
points
(n)
Load point
(i)
Test points
Flow rate
(Q) (GPM)
Head
(H) (ft)
Speed
(rpm)
Self-Priming Pool
Filter Pumps And Non-Self-Priming Pool Filter Pumps
Single-speed dedicated-purpose
pool pumps and all self-priming and non-self-priming pool filter
pumps not meeting the definition of two-*, multi-, or
variable-speed dedicated-purpose pool pump
1
High
Qhigh (gpm) = Qmax_speed@C
**
H = 0.0082 × Qhigh
2
Maximum speed
Two-speed dedicated-purpose
pool pumps *
2
Low
Qlow (gpm) = Flow rate
associated with specified head and speed that is not below:
• 31.1 gpm if rated hydraulic horsepower is >0.75 or
• 24.7 gpm if rated hydraulic horsepower is ≤0.75
H = 0.0082 × Qlow
2
Lowest speed capable of
meeting the specified flow and head values, if any ***.
High
Qhigh (gpm) = Qmax_speed@C
**
H = 0.0082 × Qhigh
2
Maximum speed.
Multi-speed and variable-speed
dedicated-purpose pool pumps
2
Low
Qlow (gpm) =
• If rated hydraulic horsepower is >0.75, then Qlow ≥ 31.1
gpm
• If rated hydraulic horsepower is ≤0.75, then Qlow ≥24.7 gpm
H = 0.0082 × Qlow
2
Lowest speed capable of
meeting the specified flow and head values.
High
Qhigh (gpm) ≥0.8 ×
Qmax_speed@C **
H = 0.0082 × Qhigh
2
Lowest speed capable of
meeting the specified flow and head values.
Waterfall
Pumps
Single-speed dedicated-purpose
pool pumps
1
High
Qlow (gpm) = Flow
corresponding to specified head
17.0 ft
Maximum speed.
Pressure Cleaner
Booster Pumps
Any
1
High
10.0 gpm
≥60.0 ft
Lowest speed capable of
meeting the specified flow and head values.
* In order to apply the test points for
two-speed self-priming and non-self-priming pool filter pumps,
self-priming pool filter pumps that are greater than or equal to
0.711 rated hydraulic horsepower that are two-speed
dedicated-purpose pool pumps must also be distributed in commerce
either: (1) With a pool pump control (variable speed drive and user
interface or switch) that changes the speed in response to
pre-programmed user preferences and allows the user to select the
duration of each speed and/or the on/off times or (2) without a
pool pump control that has such capability, but without which the
pump is unable to operate. Two-speed self-priming pool filter pumps
greater than or equal to 0.711 rated hydraulic horsepower that do
not meet these requirements must be tested using the load point for
single-speed self-priming or non-self-priming pool filter pumps, as
appropriate.
** Qmax_speed@C = Flow at max speed on curve
C (gpm)
*** If a two-speed pump has a low speed that
results in a flow rate below the specified values, the low speed of
that pump shall not be tested.
E. Calculations
E.1 Determination of Weighted Energy Factor. Determine the WEF
as a ratio of the measured flow and driver power input to the
dedicated-purpose pool pump in accordance with the following
equation:
Where:
WEF = Weighted Energy Factor in kgal/kWh; wi =
weighting factor at each load point i, as specified in
section E.2 of this appendix; Qi = flow at each load point
i, in gpm; Pi = driver power input to the motor (or
controls, if present) at each load point i, in watts;
i = load point(s), defined uniquely for each DPPP variety
and speed configuration as specified in section D.3 of this
appendix; and n = number of load point(s), defined uniquely
for each DPPP variety and speed configuration as specified in
section D.3 of this appendix.
E.2 Weights. When determining WEF, apply the weights specified
in Table 2 of this appendix for the applicable load points, DPPP
varieties, and speed configurations:
Table 2 - Load Point Weights (wi)
DPPP
varieties
Speed
configuration(s)
Load point(s)
i
Low flow
High flow
Self-Priming Pool
Filter Pumps and Non-Self-Priming Pool Filter Pumps
Single-speed dedicated-purpose
pool pumps and all self-priming and non-self-priming pool filter
pumps not meeting the definition of two-,* multi-, or
variable-speed dedicated-purpose pool pump
1.0
Two-speed dedicated-purpose
pool pumps *
0.80
0.20
Multi-speed and variable-speed
dedicated-purpose pool pumps
0.80
0.20
Waterfall
Pumps
Single-speed dedicated-purpose
pool pumps
1.0
Pressure Cleaner
Booster Pump
Any
1.0
* In order to apply the test points for
two-speed self-priming and non-self-priming pool filter pumps,
self-priming pool filter pumps that are greater than or equal to
0.711 rated hydraulic horsepower that are two-speed
dedicated-purpose pool pumps must also be distributed in commerce
either: (1) With a pool pump control (variable speed drive and user
interface or switch) that changes the speed in response to
pre-programmed user preferences and allows the user to select the
duration of each speed and/or the on/off times or (2) without a
pool pump control that has such capability, but without which the
pump is unable to operate. Two-speed self-priming pool filter pumps
greater than or equal to 0.711 rated hydraulic horsepower that do
not meet these requirements must be tested using the load point for
single-speed self-priming or non-self-priming pool filter pumps, as
appropriate.
E.3 Determination of Horsepower and True Power Factor
Metrics
E.3.1 Determine the pump power output at any load point i
using the following equation:
Where:
Pu,i = the measured pump power output at load point i
of the tested pump, in hp; Qi = the measured flow rate at
load point i of the tested pump, in gpm; Hi = pump
total head at load point i of the tested pump, in ft; and
SG = the specific gravity of water at specified test
conditions, which is equivalent to 1.00.
E.3.1.1 Determine the rated hydraulic horsepower as the pump
power output measured on the reference curve at maximum rotating
speed and full impeller diameter for the rated pump.
E.3.2 For dedicated-purpose pool pumps with single-phase AC
motors or DC motors, determine the dedicated-purpose pool pump
nominal motor horsepower as the product of the measured full load
speed and torque, adjusted to the appropriate units, as shown in
the following equation:
Where:
Pnm = the dedicated-purpose pool pump nominal total
horsepower at full load, in hp; T = output torque at full
load, in lb-ft; and n = the motor speed at full load, in rpm.
Full-load speed and torque shall be determined based on the
maximum continuous duty motor power output rating allowable for the
motor's nameplate ambient rating and insulation class.
E.3.2.1 For single-phase AC motors, determine the measured speed
and torque at full load according to either section E.3.2.1.1 or
E.3.2.1.2 of this appendix.
E.3.2.1.1 Use the procedures in section 3.2, “Tests with load”;
section 4 “Testing facilities”; section 5.2 “Mechanical
measurements”; section 5.3 “Temperature measurements”; and section
6 “Tests” of IEEE 114-2010 (incorporated by reference, see §
431.463), or
E.3.2.1.2 Use the applicable procedures in section 5, “General
test requirements” and section 6, “Tests” of CSA C747-2009 (RA
2014); except in section 6.4(b) the conversion factor shall be
5252, only measurements at full load are required in section 6.5,
and section 6.6 shall be disregarded (incorporated by reference,
see § 431.463).
E.3.2.2 For DC motors, determine the measured speed and torque
at full load according to either section E.3.2.2.1 or E.3.2.2.2 of
this appendix.
E.3.2.2.1 Use the procedures in section 3.1, “Instrument
Selection Factors”; section 3.4 “Power Measurement”: Section 3.5
“Power Sources”; section 4.1.2 “Ambient Air”; section 4.1.4
“Direction of Rotation”; section 5.4.1 “Reference Conditions”; and
section 5.4.3.2 “Dynomometer or Torquemeter Method” of IEEE
113-1985 (incorporated by reference, see § 431.463), or
E.3.2.2.2 Use the applicable procedures in section 5, “General
test requirements” and section 6, “Tests” of CSA C747-2009 (RA
2014); except in section 6.4(b) the conversion factor shall be
5252, only measurements at full load are required in section 6.5,
and section 6.6 shall be disregarded (incorporated by reference,
see § 431.463).
E.3.3 For dedicated-purpose pool pumps with single-phase AC
motors or DC motors, the dedicated-purpose pool pump service factor
is equal to 1.0.
E.3.4 Determine the dedicated-purpose pool pump motor total
horsepower according to section E.3.4.1 of this appendix for
dedicated-purpose pool pumps with single-phase AC motors or DC
motors and section E.3.4.2 of this appendix for dedicated-purpose
pool pumps with polyphase AC motors.
E.3.4.1 For dedicated-purpose pool pumps with single-phase AC
motors or DC motors, determine the dedicated-purpose pool pump
motor total horsepower as the product of the dedicated-purpose pool
pump nominal motor horsepower, determined in accordance with
section E.3.2 of this appendix, and the dedicated-purpose pool pump
service factor, determined in accordance with section E.3.3 of this
appendix.
E.3.4.2 For dedicated-purpose pool pumps with polyphase AC
induction motors, determine the dedicated-purpose pool pump motor
total horsepower as the product of the rated nominal motor
horsepower and the rated service factor of the motor.
E.3.5 Determine the true power factor at each applicable load
point specified in Table 1 of this appendix for each DPPP variety
and speed configuration as a ratio of driver power input to the
motor (or controls, if present) (Pi), in watts, divided by
the product of the voltage in volts and the current in amps at each
load point i, as shown in the following equation:
Where:
PFi = true power factor at each load point i,
dimensionless; Pi = driver power input to the motor (or
controls, if present) at each load point i, in watts;
Vi = voltage at each load point i, in volts;
Ii = current at each load point i, in amps; and
i = load point(s), defined uniquely for each DPPP variety
and speed configuration as specified in section D.3 of this
appendix.
E.4 Determination of Maximum Head. Determine the maximum head
for self-priming pool filter pumps, non-self-priming pool filter
pumps, and waterfall pumps by measuring the head at maximum speed
and the minimum flow rate at which the pump is designed to operate
continuously or safely, where the minimum flow rate is assumed to
be zero unless stated otherwise in the manufacturer literature.
F. Determination of Self-Priming Capability
F.1 Test Method. Determine the vertical lift and true priming
time of non-self-priming pool filter pumps and self-priming pool
filter pumps that are not already certified as self-priming under
NSF/ANSI 50-2015 (incorporated by reference, see § 431.463) by
testing such pumps pursuant to section C.3 of appendix C of
NSF/ANSI 50-2015, except for the modifications and exceptions
listed in the following sections F.1.1 through F.1.5 of this
appendix:
F.1.1 Where section C.3.2, “Apparatus,” and section C.3.4,
“Self-priming capability test method,” of NSF/ANSI 50-2015
(incorporated by reference, see § 431.463) state that the “suction
line must be essentially as shown in annex C, figure C.1;” the
phrase “essentially as shown in Annex C, figure C.1” means:
• The centerline of the pump impeller shaft is situated a
vertical distance equivalent to the specified vertical lift (VL),
calculated in accordance with section F.1.1.1. of this appendix,
above the water level of a water tank of sufficient volume as to
maintain a constant water surface level for the duration of the
test;
• The pump draws water from the water tank with a riser pipe
that extends below the water level a distance of at least 3 times
the riser pipe diameter (i.e., 3 pipe diameters);
• The suction inlet of the pump is at least 5 pipe diameters
from any obstructions, 90° bends, valves, or fittings; and
• The riser pipe is of the same pipe diameter as the pump
suction inlet.
F.1.1.1 The vertical lift (VL) must be normalized to 5.0 feet at
an atmospheric pressure of 14.7 psia and a water density of 62.4
lb/ft 3 in accordance with the following equation:
Where:
VL = vertical lift of the test apparatus from the waterline
to the centerline of the pump impeller shaft, in ft; ρtest =
density of test fluid, in lb/ft 3; and Pabs,test = absolute
barometric pressure of test apparatus location at centerline of
pump impeller shaft, in psia.
F.1.2 The equipment accuracy requirements specified in section
B, “Measurement Equipment,” of this appendix also apply to this
section F, as applicable.
F.1.2.1 All measurements of head (gauge pressure), flow, and
water temperature must be taken at the pump suction inlet and all
head measurements must be normalized back to the centerline of the
pump impeller shaft in accordance with section A.3.1.3.1 of HI
40.6-2014-B (incorporated by reference, see § 431.463).
F.1.3 All tests must be conducted with clear water that meets
the requirements adopted in section C.3 of this appendix.
F.1.4 In section C.3.4, “Self-priming capability test method,”
of NSF/ANSI 50-2015 (incorporated by reference, see § 431.463),
“the elapsed time to steady discharge gauge reading or full
discharge flow” is determined when the changes in head and flow,
respectively, are within the tolerance values specified in table
40.6.3.2.2, “Permissible amplitude of fluctuation as a percentage
of mean value of quantity being measured at any test point,” of HI
40.6-2014-B (incorporated by reference, see § 431.463). The
measured priming time (MPT) is determined as the point in time when
the stabilized load point is first achieved, not when stabilization
is determined. In addition, the true priming time (TPT) is
equivalent to the MPT.
F.1.5 The maximum true priming time for each test run must not
exceed 10.0 minutes. Disregard section C.3.5 of NSF/ANSI 50-2015
(incorporated by reference, see § 431.463).
G. Optional Testing and Calculations
G.1 Energy Factor. When making representations regarding the EF
of dedicated-purpose pool pumps, determine EF on one of four system
curves (A, B, C, or D) and at any given speed (s) according
to the following equation:
Where:
EFX,s = the energy factor on system curve X at speed s in
gal/Wh; X = one of four possible system curves (A, B, C, or
D), as defined in section G.1.1 of this appendix; s = the
tested speed, in rpm; QX,s = flow rate measured on system
curve X at speed s in gpm; and PX,s = driver power input to
the motor (or controls, if present) on system curve X at speed s in
watts.
G.1.1 System Curves. The energy factor may be determined at any
speed (s) and on any of the four system curves A, B, C,
and/or D specified in the Table 3:
Table 3 - Systems Curves for Optional EF
Test Procedure
System curve
System curve equation *
A
H = 0.0167 × Q
2
B
H = 0.0500 × Q
2
C
H = 0.0082 × Q
2
D
H = 0.0044 × Q
2
* In the above table, Q refers to the flow
rate in gpm and H refers to head in ft.
G.2 Replacement Dedicated-Purpose Pool Pump Motors. To determine
the WEF for replacement DPPP motors, test each replacement DPPP
motor paired with each dedicated-purpose pool pump bare pump for
which the replacement DPPP motor is advertised to be paired, as
stated in the manufacturer's literature for that replacement DPPP
motor model, according to the testing and calculations described in
sections A, B, C, D, and E of this appendix. Alternatively, each
replacement DPPP motor may be tested with the most consumptive
dedicated-purpose pool pump bare pump for which it is advertised to
be paired, as stated in the manufacturer's literature for that
replacement DPPP motor model. If a replacement DPPP motor is not
advertised to be paired with any specific dedicated-purpose pool
pump bare pumps, test with the most consumptive dedicated-purpose
pool pump bare pump available.
[79 FR 22308, Apr.
21, 2014]
Where,
ΔT3 = Average value of the mean tank temperature minus the average
value of the ambient room temperature, expressed in °F ΔT4 = Final
mean tank temperature measured at the end of the test minus the
initial mean tank temperature measured at the start of the test,
expressed in °F k = 8.25 Btu/gallon· °F, the nominal specific heat
of water Va = Volume of water contained in the water heater in
gallons measured in accordance with section 4 of this appendix Et =
Thermal efficiency = 98 percent for electric water heaters with
immersed heating elements Ec = Electrical energy consumed by the
water heater during the duration of the test in Btu t = Total
duration of the test in hours S = Standby loss, the average hourly
energy required to maintain the stored water temperature expressed
as a percentage of the heat content of the stored water above room
temperature [81 FR 79328, Nov. 10, 2016]
Where: ki
is the k factor of the ith material as measured by ASTM C518,
(incorporated by reference, see § 431.303); ti is the thickness of
the ith material that appears in the panel; and N is the total
number of material layers that appears in the panel. [81 FR 95803,
Dec. 28, 2016]
Where:
WEF = Weighted Energy Factor in kgal/kWh; wi =
weighting factor at each load point i, as specified in
section E.2 of this appendix; Qi = flow at each load point
i, in gpm; Pi = driver power input to the motor (or
controls, if present) at each load point i, in watts;
i = load point(s), defined uniquely for each DPPP variety
and speed configuration as specified in section D.3 of this
appendix; and n = number of load point(s), defined uniquely
for each DPPP variety and speed configuration as specified in
section D.3 of this appendix.
Where:
Pu,i = the measured pump power output at load point i
of the tested pump, in hp; Qi = the measured flow rate at
load point i of the tested pump, in gpm; Hi = pump
total head at load point i of the tested pump, in ft; and
SG = the specific gravity of water at specified test
conditions, which is equivalent to 1.00.
Where:
Pnm = the dedicated-purpose pool pump nominal total
horsepower at full load, in hp; T = output torque at full
load, in lb-ft; and n = the motor speed at full load, in rpm.
Where:
PFi = true power factor at each load point i,
dimensionless; Pi = driver power input to the motor (or
controls, if present) at each load point i, in watts;
Vi = voltage at each load point i, in volts;
Ii = current at each load point i, in amps; and
i = load point(s), defined uniquely for each DPPP variety
and speed configuration as specified in section D.3 of this
appendix.
Where:
VL = vertical lift of the test apparatus from the waterline
to the centerline of the pump impeller shaft, in ft; ρtest =
density of test fluid, in lb/ft 3; and Pabs,test = absolute
barometric pressure of test apparatus location at centerline of
pump impeller shaft, in psia.
Where:
EFX,s = the energy factor on system curve X at speed s in
gal/Wh; X = one of four possible system curves (A, B, C, or
D), as defined in section G.1.1 of this appendix; s = the
tested speed, in rpm; QX,s = flow rate measured on system
curve X at speed s in gpm; and PX,s = driver power input to
the motor (or controls, if present) on system curve X at speed s in
watts.