Appendix P to Subpart B of Part 430 - Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of Pool Heaters
10:3.0.1.4.18.3.13.6.26 : Appendix P
Appendix P to Subpart B of Part 430 - Uniform Test Method for
Measuring the Energy Consumption of Pool Heaters Note:
On and after July 6, 2015, any representations made with respect
to the energy use or efficiency of all pool heaters must be made in
accordance with the results of testing pursuant to this appendix.
On and after this date, if a manufacturer makes representations of
standby mode and off mode energy consumption, then testing must
also include the provisions of this appendix related to standby
mode and off mode energy consumption. Until July 6, 2015,
manufacturers must test gas-fired pool heaters in accordance with
this appendix, or appendix P as it appeared at 10 CFR part 430,
subpart B revised as of January 1, 2014. Any representations made
with respect to the energy use or efficiency of such pool heaters
must be in accordance with whichever version is selected. DOE notes
that, because testing under this appendix P must be completed as of
July 6, 2015, manufacturers may wish to begin using this test
procedure immediately.
1. Definitions.
1.1 Active mode means the condition during the pool
heating season in which the pool heater is connected to the power
source, and the main burner, electric resistance element, or heat
pump is activated to heat pool water.
1.2 Coefficient of performance (COP), as applied to heat
pump pool heaters, means the ratio of heat output in kW to the
total power input in kW.
1.3 Electric heat pump pool heater means an appliance
designed for heating nonpotable water and employing a compressor,
water-cooled condenser, and outdoor air coil.
1.4 Electric resistance pool heater means an appliance
designed for heating nonpotable water and employing electric
resistance heating elements.
1.5 Fossil fuel-fired pool heater means an appliance
designed for heating nonpotable water and employing natural gas or
oil burners.
1.6 Hybrid pool heater means an appliance designed for
heating nonpotable water and employing both a heat pump
(compressor, water-cooled condenser, and outdoor air coil) and a
fossil fueled burner as heating sources.
1.7 Off mode means the condition during the pool
non-heating season in which the pool heater is connected to the
power source, and neither the main burner, nor the electric
resistance elements, nor the heat pump is activated, and the
seasonal off switch, if present, is in the “off” position.
1.8 Seasonal off switch means a switch that results in
different energy consumption in off mode as compared to standby
mode.
1.9 Standby mode means the condition during the pool
heating season in which the pool heater is connected to the power
source, and neither the main burner, nor the electric resistance
elements, nor the heat pump is activated.
2. Test method.
2.1 Active mode.
2.1.1 Fossil fuel-fired pool heaters. The test method for
testing fossil fuel-fired pool heaters in active mode is as
specified in section 2.10 of ANSI Z21.56 (incorporated by
reference, see § 430.3), with the following additional
clarifications.
1. Burner input rate is adjusted as specified in section 2.3.3
of ANSI Z21.56,
2. Equilibrium is defined as in section 9.1.3 of ASHRAE 146
(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3)
3. Units are only to be tested using a recirculating loop and a
pump if: the use of the recirculating loop and pump are listed as
required; a minimum flow rate is specified in the installation or
operation manual provided with the unit; the pump is packaged with
the unit by the manufacturer; or such use is required for
testing.
4. A water temperature rise of less than 40 °F is allowed only
as specified in the installation or operation manual(s) provided
with the unit.
2.1.2 Electric resistance pool heaters. The test method
for testing electric resistance pool heaters in active mode is as
specified in ASHRAE 146 (incorporated by reference; see §
430.3).
2.1.3 Electric heat pump pool heaters. The test method
for testing electric heat pump pool heaters in active mode is as
specified in AHRI 1160 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3),
which references ASHRAE 146 (incorporated by reference; see §
430.3).
2.1.4 Hybrid pool heaters. [Reserved]
2.2 Standby mode. The test method for testing the energy
consumption of pool heaters in standby mode is as described in
sections 3 through 5 of this appendix.
2.3 Off mode.
2.3.1 Pool heaters with a seasonal off switch. For pool
heaters with a seasonal off switch, no off mode test is
required.
2.3.2 Pool heaters without a seasonal off switch. For
pool heaters without a seasonal off switch, the test method for
testing the energy consumption of the pool heater is as described
in sections 3 through 5 of this appendix.
3. Test conditions.
3.1 Active mode.
3.1.1 Fossil fuel-fired pool heaters. Establish the test
conditions specified in section 2.10 of ANSI Z21.56 (incorporated
by reference; see § 430.3).
3.1.2 Electric resistance pool heaters. Establish the
test conditions specified in section 9.1.4 of ASHRAE 146
(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3).
3.1.3 Electric heat pump pool heaters. Establish the test
conditions specified in section 5 of AHRI 1160. The air temperature
surrounding the unit shall be at the “High Air Temperature - Mid
Humidity (63% RH)” level specified in section 6 of AHRI 1160
(incorporated by reference, see § 430.3) (80.6 °F [27.0 °C]
Dry-Bulb, 71.2 °F [21.8 °C]).
3.1.4 Hybrid pool heaters. [Reserved]
3.2 Standby mode and off mode. After completing the
active mode tests described in sections 3.1 and 4.1 of this
appendix, reduce the thermostat setting to a low enough temperature
to put the pool heater into standby mode. Reapply the energy
sources and operate the pool heater in standby mode for 60
minutes.
4. Measurements
4.1 Active mode
4.1.1 Fossil fuel-fired pool heaters. Measure the
quantities delineated in section 2.10 of ANSI Z21.56 (incorporated
by reference; see § 430.3). The measurement of energy consumption
for oil-fired pool heaters in Btu is to be carried out in
appropriate units (e.g., gallons).
4.1.2 Electric resistance pool heaters. Measure the
quantities delineated in section 9.1.4 of ASHRAE 146 (incorporated
by reference; see § 430.3) during and at the end of the 30-minute
period when water is flowing through the pool heater.
4.1.3 Electric heat pump pool heaters. Measure the
quantities delineated in section 9.1.1 and Table 2 of ASHRAE 146
(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3). Record the elapsed time,
tHP, from the start of electric power metering to the end, in
minutes.
4.1.4 Hybrid pool heaters. [Reserved]
4.2 Standby mode. For all pool heaters, record the
average electric power consumption during the standby mode test,
PW,SB, in W, in accordance with section 5 of IEC 62301
(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3). For fossil fuel-fired
pool heaters, record the fossil fuel energy consumption during the
standby test, Qp, in Btu. (Milli-volt electrical consumption need
not be considered in units so equipped.) Ambient temperature and
voltage specifications in section 4.1 of this appendix shall apply
to this standby mode testing. Round the recorded standby power
(PW,SB) to the second decimal place, and for loads greater than or
equal to 10 W, record at least three significant figures.
4.3 Off mode.
4.3.1 Pool heaters with a seasonal off switch. For pool
heaters with a seasonal off switch, the average electric power
consumption during the off mode, PW,OFF = 0, and the fossil fuel
energy consumed during the off mode, Qoff = 0.
4.3.2 Pool heaters without a seasonal off switch. For all
pool heaters without a seasonal off switch, record the average
electric power consumption during the standby/off mode test, PW,OFF
= PW,SB, in W, in accordance with section 5 of IEC 62301
(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3). For fossil fuel-fired
pool heaters without a seasonal off switch, record the fossil fuel
energy consumption during the off mode test, Qoff (= Qp), in Btu.
(Milli-volt electrical consumption need not be considered in units
so equipped.) Ambient temperature and voltage specifications in
section 4.1 of this appendix shall apply to this off mode testing.
Round the recorded off mode power (PW,OFF) to the second decimal
place, and for loads greater than or equal to 10 W, record at least
three significant figures.
5. Calculations.
5.1 Thermal efficiency.
5.1.1 Fossil fuel-fired pool heaters. Calculate the
thermal efficiency, Et (expressed as a percent), as specified in
section 2.10 of ANSI Z21.56 (incorporated by reference; see §
430.3). The expression of fuel consumption for oil-fired pool
heaters shall be in Btu.
5.1.2 Electric resistance pool heaters. Calculate the
thermal efficiency, Et (expressed as a percent), as specified in
section 11.1 of ASHRAE 146 (incorporated by reference; see §
430.3).
5.1.3 Electric heat pump pool heaters. Calculate the COP
according to section 11.1 of ASHRAE 146. Calculate the thermal
efficiency, Et (expressed as a percent): Et = COP.
5.1.4 Hybrid pool heaters. [Reserved]
5.2 Average annual fossil fuel energy for pool heaters.
For electric resistance and electric heat pump pool heaters, the
average annual fuel energy for pool heaters, EF = 0.
For fossil fuel-fired pool heaters, the average annual fuel
energy for pool heaters, EF, is defined as:
EF = BOH QIN + (POH−BOH)QPR + (8760 − POH) Qoff,R Where: BOH =
average number of burner operating hours = 104 h, POH = average
number of pool operating hours = 4,464 h, QIN = rated fuel energy
input as defined according to section 2.10.1 or section 2.10.2 of
ANSI, Z21.56 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3), as
appropriate. (For electric resistance and electric heat pump pool
heaters, QIN = 0.), QPR = average energy consumption rate of
continuously operating pilot light, if employed, = (QP/1 h), QP =
energy consumption of continuously operating pilot light, if
employed, as measured in section 4.2 of this appendix, in Btu, 8760
= number of hours in one year, Qoff,R = average off mode fossil
fuel energy consumption rate = Qoff/(1 h), and Qoff = off mode
energy consumption as defined in section 4.3 of this appendix.
5.3 Average annual electrical energy consumption for pool
heaters. The average annual electrical energy consumption for
pool heaters, EAE, is expressed in Btu and defined as:
(1) EAE = EAE,active + EAE,standby,off (2) EAE,active = BOH * PE
(3) EAE,standby,off = (POH−BOH) PW,SB(Btu/h) + (8760−POH)
PW,OFF(Btu/h) where: EAE,active = electrical consumption in the
active mode, EAE,standby,off = auxiliary electrical consumption in
the standby mode and off mode, PE = 2Ec, for fossil fuel-fired
heaters tested according to section 2.10.1 of ANSI Z21.56
(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3) and for electric
resistance pool heaters, in Btu/h, = 3.412 PErated, for fossil
fuel-fired heaters tested according to section 2.10.2 of ANSI
Z21.56, in Btu/h, = Ec,HP * (60/tHP), for electric heat pump pool
heaters, in Btu/h. Ec = electrical consumption in Btu per 30 min.
This includes the electrical consumption (converted to Btus) of the
pool heater and, if present, a recirculating pump during the
30-minute thermal efficiency test. The 30-minute thermal efficiency
test is defined in section 2.10.1 of ANSI Z21.56 for fossil
fuel-fired pool heaters and section 9.1.4 of ASHRAE 146
(incorporated by reference; see § 430.3) for electric resistance
pool heaters. 2 = conversion factor to convert unit from per 30
min. to per h. PErated = nameplate rating of auxiliary electrical
equipment of heater, in Watts Ec,HP = electrical consumption of the
electric heat pump pool heater (converted to equivalent unit of
Btu), including the electrical energy to the recirculating pump if
used, during the thermal efficiency test, as defined in section 9.1
of ASHRAE 146, in Btu. tHP = elapsed time of data recording during
the thermal efficiency test on electric heat pump pool heater, as
defined in section 9.1 of ASHRAE 146, in minutes. BOH = as defined
in section 5.2 of this appendix, POH = as defined in section 5.2 of
this appendix, PW,SB (Btu/h) = electrical energy consumption rate
during standby mode expressed in Btu/h = 3.412 PW,SB, Btu/h, PW,SB
= as defined in section 4.2 of this appendix, PW,OFF (Btu/h) =
electrical energy consumption rate during off mode expressed in
Btu/h = 3.412 PW,OFF, Btu/h, and PW,OFF = as defined in section 4.3
of this appendix.
5.4 Integrated thermal efficiency.
5.4.1 Calculate the seasonal useful output of the pool heater
as:
EOUT = BOH[(Et/100)(QIN + PE)] where: BOH = as defined in section
5.2 of this appendix, Et = thermal efficiency as defined in section
5.1 of this appendix, QIN = as defined in section 5.2 of this
appendix, PE = as defined in section 5.3 of this appendix, and 100
= conversion factor, from percent to fraction.
5.4.2 Calculate the annual input to the pool heater as:
EIN = EF + EAE where: EF = as defined in section 5.2 of this
appendix, and EAE = as defined in section 5.3 of this appendix.
5.4.3 Calculate the pool heater integrated thermal efficiency
(TEI) (in percent).
TEI = 100(EOUT/EIN) where: EOUT = as defined in section 5.4.1 of
this appendix, EIN = as defined in section 5.4.2 of this appendix,
and 100 = conversion factor, from fraction to percent. [80 FR 813,
Jan. 6, 2015]