Appendix D1 to Subpart B of Part 430 - Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of Clothes Dryers
10:3.0.1.4.18.2.13.6.11 : Appendix D1
Appendix D1 to Subpart B of Part 430 - Uniform Test Method for
Measuring the Energy Consumption of Clothes Dryers Note:
Effective February 10, 2014, manufacturers must make
representations of energy efficiency, including certifications of
compliance, using appendix D. Compliance with DOE's amended
standards for clothes dryers, and corresponding use of the test
procedures at appendix D1 for all representations, including
certifications of compliance, is required as of January 1, 2015.
Manufacturers must use a single appendix for all representations,
including certifications of compliance, and may not use appendix D
for certain representations and appendix D1 for other
representations. The procedures in appendix D2 need not be
performed to determine compliance with energy conservation
standards for clothes dryers at this time. However, manufacturers
may elect to use the amended appendix D, D1, or D2 early.
1. Definitions
1.1 “Active mode” means a mode in which the clothes dryer is
connected to a main power source, has been activated and is
performing the main function of tumbling the clothing with or
without heated or unheated forced air circulation to remove
moisture from the clothing, remove wrinkles or prevent wrinkling of
the clothing, or both.
1.2 “AHAM” means the Association of Home Appliance
Manufacturers.
1.3 “AHAM HLD-1” means the test standard published by the
Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers, titled “Household
Tumble Type Clothes Dryers” (2009), AHAM HLD-1-2009 (incorporated
by reference; see § 430.3).
1.4 “Automatic termination control” means a dryer control system
with a sensor which monitors either the dryer load temperature or
its moisture content and with a controller which automatically
terminates the drying process. A mark, detent, or other visual
indicator or detent which indicates a preferred automatic
termination control setting must be present if the dryer is to be
classified as having an “automatic termination control.” A mark is
a visible single control setting on one or more dryer controls.
1.5 “Bone dry” means a condition of a load of test clothes which
has been dried in a dryer at maximum temperature for a minimum of
10 minutes, removed, and weighed before cool down, and then dried
again for 10-minute periods until the final weight change of the
load is 1 percent or less.
1.6 “Compact” or “compact size” means a clothes dryer with a
drum capacity of less than 4.4 cubic feet.
1.7 “Conventional clothes dryer” means a clothes dryer that
exhausts the evaporated moisture from the cabinet.
1.8 “Cool down” means that portion of the clothes drying cycle
when the added gas or electric heat is terminated and the clothes
continue to tumble and dry within the drum.
1.9 “Cycle” means a sequence of operation of a clothes dryer
which performs a clothes drying operation, and may include
variations or combinations of the functions of heating, tumbling,
and drying.
1.10 “Drum capacity” means the volume of the drying drum in
cubic feet.
1.11 “IEC 62301” (Second Edition) means the test standard
published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (“IEC”)
titled “Household electrical appliances - Measurement of standby
power,” Publication 62301 (Edition 2.0 2011-01) (incorporated by
reference; see § 430.3).
1.12 “Inactive mode” means a standby mode that facilitates the
activation of active mode by remote switch (including remote
control), internal sensor, or timer, or that provides continuous
status display.
1.13 “Moisture content” means the ratio of the weight of water
contained by the test load to the bone-dry weight of the test load,
expressed as a percent.
1.14 “Moisture sensing control” means a system which utilizes a
moisture sensing element within the dryer drum that monitors the
amount of moisture in the clothes and automatically terminates the
dryer cycle.
1.15 “Off mode” means a mode in which the clothes dryer is
connected to a main power source and is not providing any active or
standby mode function, and where the mode may persist for an
indefinite time. An indicator that only shows the user that the
product is in the off position is included within the
classification of an off mode.
1.16 “Standard size” means a clothes dryer with a drum capacity
of 4.4 cubic feet or greater.
1.17 “Standby mode” means any product modes where the energy
using product is connected to a main power source and offers one or
more of the following user-oriented or protective functions which
may persist for an indefinite time:
(a) To facilitate the activation of other modes (including
activation or deactivation of active mode) by remote switch
(including remote control), internal sensor, or timer.
(b) Continuous functions, including information or status
displays (including clocks) or sensor-based functions. A timer is a
continuous clock function (which may or may not be associated with
a display) that provides regular scheduled tasks (e.g., switching)
and that operates on a continuous basis.
1.18 “Temperature sensing control” means a system which monitors
dryer exhaust air temperature and automatically terminates the
dryer cycle.
1.19 “Ventless clothes dryer” means a clothes dryer that uses a
closed-loop system with an internal condenser to remove the
evaporated moisture from the heated air. The moist air is not
discharged from the cabinet.
2. Testing Conditions
2.1 Installation.
2.1.1 All clothes dryers. For both conventional clothes
dryers and ventless clothes dryers, as defined in sections 1.7 and
1.19 of this appendix, install the clothes dryer in accordance with
manufacturer's instructions as shipped with the unit. If the
manufacturer's instructions do not specify the installation
requirements for a certain component, it shall be tested in the
as-shipped condition. Where the manufacturer gives the option to
use the dryer both with and without a duct, the dryer shall be
tested without the exhaust simulator described in section 3.3.5.1
of AHAM HLD-1 (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3). All
external joints should be taped to avoid air leakage. For drying
testing, disconnect all lights, such as task lights, that do not
provide any information related to the drying process on the
clothes dryer and that do not consume more than 10 watts during the
clothes dryer test cycle. Control setting indicator lights showing
the cycle progression, temperature or dryness settings, or other
cycle functions that cannot be turned off during the test cycle
shall not be disconnected during the active mode test cycle. For
standby and off mode testing, the clothes dryer shall also be
installed in accordance with section 5, paragraph 5.2 of IEC 62301
(Second Edition) (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3),
disregarding the provisions regarding batteries and the
determination, classification, and testing of relevant modes. For
standby and off mode testing, all lighting systems shall remain
connected.
2.1.2 Conventional clothes dryers. For conventional
clothes dryers, as defined in section 1.7 of this appendix, the
dryer exhaust shall be restricted by adding the AHAM exhaust
simulator described in section 3.3.5.1 of AHAM HLD-1 (incorporated
by reference; see § 430.3).
2.1.3 Ventless clothes dryers. For ventless clothes
dryers, as defined in section 1.19, the dryer shall be tested
without the AHAM exhaust simulator. If the manufacturer gives the
option to use a ventless clothes dryer, with or without a
condensation box, the dryer shall be tested with the condensation
box installed. For ventless clothes dryers, the condenser unit of
the dryer must remain in place and not be taken out of the dryer
for any reason between tests.
2.2 Ambient temperature and humidity.
2.2.1 For drying testing, maintain the room ambient air
temperature at 75 ±3 °F and the room relative humidity at 50 ±10
percent relative humidity.
2.2.2 For standby and off mode testing, maintain room ambient
air temperature conditions as specified in section 4, paragraph 4.2
of IEC 62301 (Second Edition) (incorporated by reference; see §
430.3)
2.3 Energy supply.
2.3.1 Electrical supply. Maintain the electrical supply
at the clothes dryer terminal block within 1 percent of 120/240 or
120/208Y or 120 volts as applicable to the particular terminal
block wiring system and within 1 percent of the nameplate frequency
as specified by the manufacturer. If the dryer has a dual voltage
conversion capability, conduct the test at the highest voltage
specified by the manufacturer.
2.3.1.1 Supply voltage waveform. For the clothes dryer
standby mode and off mode testing, maintain the electrical supply
voltage waveform indicated in section 4, paragraph 4.3.2 of IEC
62301 (Second Edition) (incorporated by reference; see § 430.3). If
the power measuring instrument used for testing is unable to
measure and record the total harmonic content during the test
measurement period, it is acceptable to measure and record the
total harmonic content immediately before and after the test
measurement period.
2.3.2 Gas supply.
2.3.2.1 Natural gas. Maintain the gas supply to the
clothes dryer immediately ahead of all controls at a pressure of 7
to 10 inches of water column. If the clothes dryer is equipped with
a gas appliance pressure regulator for which the manufacturer
specifies an outlet pressure, the regulator outlet pressure shall
be within ±10 percent of the value recommended by the manufacturer
in the installation manual, on the nameplate sticker, or wherever
the manufacturer makes such a recommendation for the basic model.
The hourly Btu rating of the burner shall be maintained within ±5
percent of the rating specified by the manufacturer. If the
requirement to maintain the hourly Btu rating of the burner within
±5 percent of the rating specified by the manufacturer cannot be
achieved under the allowable range in gas inlet test pressure, the
orifice of the gas burner should be modified as necessary to
achieve the required Btu rating. The natural gas supplied should
have a heating value of approximately 1,025 Btus per standard cubic
foot. The actual heating value, Hn2, in Btus per standard cubic
foot, for the natural gas to be used in the test shall be obtained
either from measurements made by the manufacturer conducting the
test using a standard continuous flow calorimeter as described in
section 2.4.6 or by the purchase of bottled natural gas whose Btu
rating is certified to be at least as accurate a rating as could be
obtained from measurements with a standard continuous flow
calorimeter as described in section 2.4.6.
2.3.2.2 Propane gas. Maintain the gas supply to the
clothes dryer immediately ahead of all controls at a pressure of 11
to 13 inches of water column. If the clothes dryer is equipped with
a gas appliance pressure regulator for which the manufacturer
specifies an outlet pressure, the regulator outlet pressure shall
be within ±10 percent of the value recommended by the manufacturer
in the installation manual, on the nameplate sticker, or wherever
the manufacturer makes such a recommendation for the basic model.
The hourly Btu rating of the burner shall be maintained within ±5
percent of the rating specified by the manufacturer. If the
requirement to maintain the hourly Btu rating of the burner within
±5 percent of the rating specified by the manufacturer cannot be
achieved under the allowable range in gas inlet test pressure, the
orifice of the gas burner should be modified as necessary to
achieve the required Btu rating. The propane gas supplied should
have a heating value of approximately 2,500 Btus per standard cubic
foot. The actual heating value, Hp, in Btus per standard cubic
foot, for the propane gas to be used in the test shall be obtained
either from measurements made by the manufacturer conducting the
test using a standard continuous flow calorimeter as described in
section 2.4.6 or by the purchase of bottled gas whose Btu rating is
certified to be at least as accurate a rating as could be obtained
from measurement with a standard continuous calorimeter as
described in section 2.4.6.
2.4 Instrumentation. Perform all test measurements using
the following instruments as appropriate.
2.4.1 Weighing scale for test cloth. The scale shall have
a range of 0 to a maximum of 60 pounds with a resolution of at
least 0.2 ounces and a maximum error no greater than 0.3 percent of
any measured value within the range of 3 to 15 pounds.
2.4.1.2 Weighing scale for drum capacity measurements.
The scale should have a range of 0 to a maximum of 600 pounds with
resolution of 0.50 pounds and a maximum error no greater than 0.5
percent of the measured value.
2.4.2 Kilowatt-hour meter. The kilowatt-hour meter shall
have a resolution of 0.001 kilowatt-hours and a maximum error no
greater than 0.5 percent of the measured value.
2.4.3 Gas meter. The gas meter shall have a resolution of
0.001 cubic feet and a maximum error no greater than 0.5 percent of
the measured value.
2.4.4 Dry and wet bulb psychrometer. The dry and wet bulb
psychrometer shall have an error no greater than ±1 °F. A relative
humidity meter with a maximum error tolerance expressed in °F
equivalent to the requirements for the dry and wet bulb
psychrometer or with a maximum error tolerance of ±2 percent
relative humidity would be acceptable for measuring the ambient
humidity.
2.4.5 Temperature. The temperature sensor shall have an
error no greater than ±1 °F.
2.4.6 Standard Continuous Flow Calorimeter. The
calorimeter shall have an operating range of 750 to 3,500 Btu per
cubic feet. The maximum error of the basic calorimeter shall be no
greater than 0.2 percent of the actual heating value of the gas
used in the test. The indicator readout shall have a maximum error
no greater than 0.5 percent of the measured value within the
operating range and a resolution of 0.2 percent of the full-scale
reading of the indicator instrument.
2.4.7 Standby mode and off mode watt meter. The watt
meter used to measure standby mode and off mode power consumption
shall meet the requirements specified in section 4, paragraph 4.4
of IEC 62301 (Second Edition) (incorporated by reference; see §
430.3). If the power measuring instrument used for testing is
unable to measure and record the crest factor, power factor, or
maximum current ratio during the test measurement period, it is
acceptable to measure the crest factor, power factor, and maximum
current ratio immediately before and after the test measurement
period.
2.5 Lint trap. Clean the lint trap thoroughly before each
test run.
2.6 Test Clothes.
2.6.1 Energy test cloth. The energy test cloth shall be
clean and consist of the following:
(a) Pure finished bleached cloth, made with a momie or granite
weave, which is a blended fabric of 50-percent cotton and
50-percent polyester and weighs within + 10 percent of 5.75 ounces
per square yard after test cloth preconditioning, and has 65 ends
on the warp and 57 picks on the fill. The individual warp and fill
yarns are a blend of 50-percent cotton and 50-percent polyester
fibers.
(b) Cloth material that is 24 inches by 36 inches and has been
hemmed to 22 inches by 34 inches before washing. The maximum
shrinkage after five washes shall not be more than 4 percent on the
length and width.
(c) The number of test runs on the same energy test cloth shall
not exceed 25 runs.
2.6.2 Energy stuffer cloths. The energy stuffer cloths
shall be made from energy test cloth material, and shall consist of
pieces of material that are 12 inches by 12 inches and have been
hemmed to 10 inches by 10 inches before washing. The maximum
shrinkage after five washes shall not be more than 4 percent on the
length and width. The number of test runs on the same energy
stuffer cloth shall not exceed 25 runs after test cloth
preconditioning.
2.6.3 Test Cloth Preconditioning.
A new test cloth load and energy stuffer cloths shall be treated
as follows:
(1) Bone dry the load to a weight change of ±1 percent, or less,
as prescribed in section 1.5.
(2) Place the test cloth load in a standard clothes washer set
at the maximum water fill level. Wash the load for 10 minutes in
soft water (17 parts per million hardness or less), using 60.8
grams of AHAM standard test detergent Formula 3. Wash water
temperature is to be controlled at 140 ° ±5 °F (60 ° ±2.7 °C).
Rinse water temperature is to be controlled at 100 ° ±5 °F (37.7
±2.7 °C).
(3) Rinse the load again at the same water temperature.
(4) Bone dry the load as prescribed in section 1.5 and weigh the
load.
(5) This procedure is repeated until there is a weight change of
1 percent or less.
(6) A final cycle is to be a hot water wash with no detergent,
followed by two warm water rinses.
2.7 Test loads.
2.7.1 Compact size dryer load. Prepare a bone-dry test
load of energy cloths which weighs 3.00 pounds ±.03 pounds.
Adjustments to the test load to achieve the proper weight can be
made by the use of energy stuffer cloths, with no more than five
stuffer cloths per load. Dampen the load by agitating it in water
whose temperature is 60 °F ±5 °F and consists of 0 to 17 parts per
million hardness for approximately 2 minutes in order to saturate
the fabric. Then, extract water from the wet test load by spinning
the load until the moisture content of the load is between
54.0-61.0 percent of the bone-dry weight of the test load.
2.7.2 Standard size dryer load. Prepare a bone-dry test
load of energy cloths which weighs 8.45 pounds ±.085 pounds.
Adjustments to the test load to achieve the proper weight can be
made by the use of energy stuffer cloths, with no more than five
stuffer cloths per load. Dampen the load by agitating it in water
whose temperature is 60 °F ±5 °F and consists of 0 to 17 parts per
million hardness for approximately 2 minutes in order to saturate
the fabric. Then, extract water from the wet test load by spinning
the load until the moisture content of the load is between
54.0-61.0 percent of the bone-dry weight of the test load.
2.7.3 Method of loading. Load the energy test cloths by
grasping them in the center, shaking them to hang loosely, and then
dropping them in the dryer at random.
2.8 Clothes dryer preconditioning.
2.8.1 Conventional clothes dryers. For conventional
clothes dryers, before any test cycle, operate the dryer without a
test load in the non-heat mode for 15 minutes or until the
discharge air temperature is varying less than 1 °F for 10 minutes
- whichever is longer - in the test installation location with the
ambient conditions within the specified test condition tolerances
of 2.2.
2.8.2 Ventless clothes dryers. For ventless clothes
dryers, before any test cycle, the steady-state machine temperature
must be equal to ambient room temperature described in 2.2.1. This
may be done by leaving the machine at ambient room conditions for
at least 12 hours between tests.
3. Test Procedures and Measurements
3.1 Drum Capacity. Measure the drum capacity by sealing
all openings in the drum except the loading port with a plastic
bag, and ensuring that all corners and depressions are filled and
that there are no extrusions of the plastic bag through any
openings in the interior of the drum. Support the dryer's rear drum
surface on a platform scale to prevent deflection of the drum
surface, and record the weight of the empty dryer. Fill the drum
with water to a level determined by the intersection of the door
plane and the loading port (i.e., the uppermost edge of the
drum that is in contact with the door seal). Record the temperature
of the water and then the weight of the dryer with the added water
and then determine the mass of the water in pounds. Add the
appropriate volume to account for any space in the drum interior
not measured by water fill (e.g., the space above the uppermost
edge of the drum within a curved door) and subtract the appropriate
volume to account for space that is measured by water fill but
cannot be used when the door is closed (e.g., space occupied by the
door when closed). The drum capacity is calculated as follows:
C = w/d ±volume adjustment
C = capacity in cubic
feet.
w = mass of water in pounds.
d = density of
water at the measured temperature in pounds per cubic foot.
3.2 Dryer Loading. Load the dryer as specified in
2.7.
3.3 Test cycle. Operate the clothes dryer at the maximum
temperature setting and, if equipped with a timer, at the maximum
time setting. Any other optional cycle settings that do not affect
the temperature or time settings shall be tested in the as-shipped
position. If the clothes dryer does not have a separate temperature
setting selection on the control panel, the maximum time setting
should be used for the drying test cycle. Dry the load until the
moisture content of the test load is between 2.5 and 5.0 percent of
the bone-dry weight of the test load, at which point the test cycle
is stopped, but do not permit the dryer to advance into cool down.
If required, reset the timer to increase the length of the drying
cycle. After stopping the test cycle, remove and weigh the test
load. The clothes dryer shall not be stopped intermittently in the
middle of the test cycle for any reason. Record the data specified
by section 3.4 of this appendix. If the dryer automatically stops
during a cycle because the condensation box is full of water, the
test is stopped, and the test run is invalid, in which case the
condensation box shall be emptied and the test re-run from the
beginning. For ventless dryers, as defined in section 1.19 of this
appendix, during the time between two cycles, the door of the dryer
shall be closed except for loading (and unloading).
3.4 Data recording. Record for each test cycle:
3.4.1 Bone-dry weight of the test load described in 2.7.
3.4.2 Moisture content of the wet test load before the test, as
described in 2.7.
3.4.3 Moisture content of the dry test load obtained after the
test described in 3.3.
3.4.4 Test room conditions, temperature, and percent relative
humidity described in 2.2.1.
3.4.5 For electric dryers - the total kilowatt-hours of electric
energy, Et, consumed during the test described in 3.3.
3.4.6 For gas dryers:
3.4.6.1 Total kilowatt-hours of electrical energy, Ete, consumed
during the test described in 3.3.
3.4.6.2 Cubic feet of gas per cycle, Etg, consumed during the
test described in 3.3.
3.4.6.3 Correct the gas heating value, GEF, as measured in
2.3.2.1 and 2.3.2.2, to standard pressure and temperature
conditions in accordance with U.S. Bureau of Standards, circular
C417, 1938.
3.5 Test for automatic termination field use factor. The
field use factor for automatic termination can be claimed for those
dryers which meet the requirements for automatic termination
control, defined in 1.4.
3.6 Standby mode and off mode power. Establish the
testing conditions set forth in Section 2 “Testing Conditions” of
this appendix. For clothes dryers that take some time to enter a
stable state from a higher power state as discussed in Section 5,
Paragraph 5.1, Note 1 of IEC 62301 (Second Edition) (incorporated
by reference; see § 430.3), allow sufficient time for the clothes
dryer to reach the lower power state before proceeding with the
test measurement. Follow the test procedure specified in section 5,
paragraph 5.3.2 of IEC 62301 (Second Edition) for testing in each
possible mode as described in sections 3.6.1 and 3.6.2 of this
appendix.
3.6.1 If a clothes dryer has an inactive mode, as defined in
1.12, measure and record the average inactive mode power of the
clothes dryer, PIA, in watts.
3.6.2 If a clothes dryer has an off mode, as defined in 1.15,
measure and record the average off mode power of the clothes dryer,
POFF, in watts.
4. Calculation of Derived Results From Test Measurements
4.1 Total Per-cycle electric dryer energy consumption.
Calculate the total electric dryer energy consumption per cycle,
Ece, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as:
Ece = [53.5/(Ww−Wd)] × Ett × field use, Where: 53.5 = an
experimentally established value for the percent reduction in the
moisture content of the test load during a laboratory test cycle
expressed as a percent. field use = field use factor. = 1.18 for
clothes dryers with time termination control systems only without
any automatic termination control functions. = 1.04 clothes dryers
with automatic control systems that meet the requirements of the
definition for automatic control systems in 1.4, 1.14 and 1.18,
including those that also have a supplementary timer control, or
that may also be manually controlled. Ww = the moisture content of
the wet test load as recorded in 3.4.2. Wd = the moisture content
of the dry test load as recorded in 3.4.3.
4.2 Per-cycle gas dryer electrical energy consumption.
Calculate the gas dryer electrical energy consumption per cycle,
Ege, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as:
Ege = [53.5/(Ww−Wd)] × Ete × field use, Where: Ete = the energy
recorded in 3.4.6.1 field use, 53.5, Ww, Wd as defined in 4.1.
4.3 Per-cycle gas dryer gas energy consumption. Calculate
the gas dryer gas energy consumption per cycle, Ege, expressed in
Btus per cycle as defined as:
Egg = [53.5/(Ww − Wd)] × Etg × field use × GEF Where: Etg = the
energy recorded in 3.4.6.2 GEF = corrected gas heat value (Btu per
cubic feet) as defined in 3.4.6.3, field use, 53.5, Ww, Wd as
defined in 4.1.
4.4 Total per-cycle gas dryer energy consumption expressed in
kilowatt-hours. Calculate the total gas dryer energy
consumption per cycle, Ecg, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle
and defined as:
Ecg = Ege + (Egg/3412 Btu/kWh) Where: Ege as defined in 4.2 Egg as
defined in 4.3
4.5 Per-cycle standby mode and off mode energy
consumption. Calculate the dryer inactive mode and off mode
energy consumption per cycle, ETSO, expressed in kWh per cycle and
defined as:
ETSO = [(PIA × SIA) + (POFF × SOFF)] × K/283 Where: PIA = dryer
inactive mode power, in watts, as measured in section 3.6.1; POFF =
dryer off mode power, in watts, as measured in section 3.6.2. If
the clothes dryer has both inactive mode and off mode, SIA and SOFF
both equal 8,620 ÷ 2 = 4,310, where 8,620 is the total inactive and
off mode annual hours; If the clothes dryer has an inactive mode
but no off mode, the inactive mode annual hours, SIA, is equal to
8,620 and the off mode annual hours, SOFF, is equal to 0; If the
clothes dryer has an off mode but no inactive mode, SIA is equal to
0 and SOFF is equal to 8,620 Where: K = 0.001 kWh/Wh conversion
factor for watt-hours to kilowatt-hours; and 283 = representative
average number of clothes dryer cycles in a year.
4.6 Per-cycle combined total energy consumption expressed in
kilowatt-hours. Calculate the per-cycle combined total energy
consumption, ECC, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined
for an electric clothes dryer as:
ECC = Ece + ETSO Where: Ece = the energy recorded in section 4.1 of
this appendix, and ETSO = the energy recorded in section 4.5 of
this appendix, and defined for a gas clothes dryer as: ECC = Ecg +
ETSO Where: Ecg = the energy recorded in section 4.4 of this
appendix, and ETSO = the energy recorded in section 4.5 of this
appendix.
4.7 Energy Factor in pounds per kilowatt-hour. Calculate
the energy factor, EF, expressed in pounds per kilowatt-hour and
defined for an electric clothes dryer as:
EF = Wbonedry/Ece Where: Wbonedry = the bone dry test load weight
recorded in 3.4.1, and Ece = the energy recorded in 4.1, and and
defined for a gas clothes dryer as: EF = Wbonedry/Ecg Where:
Wbonedry = the bone dry test load weight recorded in 3.4.1, and Ecg
= the energy recorded in 4.4,
4.8 Combined Energy Factor in pounds per kilowatt-hour.
Calculate the combined energy factor, CEF, expressed in pounds per
kilowatt-hour and defined as:
CEF = Wbonedry/ECC Where: Wbonedry = the bone dry test load weight
3.4.1, and ECC = the energy recorded in 4.6 [76 FR 1032, Jan. 6,
2011, as amended at 78 FR 49645, Aug. 14, 2013]