Title 40 Part 141 Appendix A Code of Federal Regulations

Organism	Methodology	SM 22nd Edition ²⁸	SM Online ³
Fecal Coliforms	Fecal Coliform Procedure	9221 E	9221 E-06

Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1)

Contaminant	Methodology	EPA method	SM 21st edition ¹	SM 22nd edition ²⁸	SM 23rd edition ⁴⁹	SM Online ³	ASTM ⁴	Other
Alkalinity	Titrimetric		2320 B	2320 B	2320 B		D1067-06 B, 11 B, 16 B
Antimony	Hydride - Atomic Absorption						D 3697-07, -12
	Atomic Absorption; Furnace		3113 B	3113 B	3113 B	3113 B-04, B-10
	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2 ²
Arsenic	Atomic Absorption; Furnace		3113 B	3113 B	3113 B	3113 B-04, B-10	D 2972-08 C, -15 C
	Hydride Atomic Absorption		3114 B	3114 B	3114 B	3114 B-09	D 2972-08 B, -15 B
	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2 ²
Barium	Inductively Coupled Plasma		3120 B	3120 B	3120 B
	Atomic Absorption; Direct		3111 D	3111 D	3111 D
	Atomic Absorption; Furnace		3113 B	3113 B	3113 B	3113 B-04, B-10
	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2 ²
Beryllium	Inductively Coupled Plasma		3120 B	3120 B	3120 B
	Atomic Absorption; Furnace		3113 B	3113 B	3113 B	3113 B-04, B-10	D 3645-08 B, -15 B
	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2 ²
Cadmium	Atomic Absorption; Furnace		3113 B	3113 B	3113 B	3113 B-04, B-10
	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2 ²
Calcium	EDTA titrimetric		3500-Ca B	3500-Ca B	3500-Ca B		D 511-09, -14 A
	Atomic Absorption; Direct Aspiration		3111 B	3111 B	3111 B		D 511-09, -14 B
	Inductively Coupled Plasma		3120 B	3120 B	3120 B
	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2 ²
	Ion Chromatography						D 6919-09
Chromium	Inductively Coupled Plasma		3120 B	3120 B	3120 B
	Atomic Absorption; Furnace		3113 B	3113 B	3113 B	3113 B-04, B-10
	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2 ²
Copper	Atomic Absorption; Furnace		3113 B	3113 B	3113 B	3113 B-04, B-10	D 1688-07, -12 C
	Atomic Absorption; Direct Aspiration		3111 B	3111 B	3111 B		D 1688-07, -12 A
	Inductively Coupled Plasma		3120 B	3120 B	3120 B
	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2 ²
	Colorimetry							Hach Method 8026; ³⁵ Hach Method 10272. ³⁶
Conductivity	Conductance		2510 B	2510 B	2510 B		D 1125-14 A
Cyanide	Manual Distillation with MgCl2 followed by:		4500-CN− C	4500-CN− C	4500-CN− C	4500-CN− C-99	D 2036-06 A
	Spectrophotometric, Amenable		4500-CN− G	4500-CN− G	4500-CN− G		D 2036-06 B
	Spectrophotometric Manual		4500-CN− E	4500-CN− E	4500-CN− E		D2036-06 A
	Selective Electrode		4500-CN− F	4500-CN− F	4500-CN− F
	Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Headspace							ME355.01. ⁷
Fluoride	Ion Chromatography		4110 B	4110 B	4110 B		D 4327-11
	Manual Distillation; Colorimetric SPADNS		4500-F− B, D	4500-F− B, D	4500-F− B, D
	Manual Electrode		4500-F− C	4500-F− C	4500-F− C		D 1179-04, 10 B, 16 B
	Automated Alizarin		4500-F− E	4500-F− E	4500-F− E
	Arsenite-Free Colorimetric SPADNS							Hach SPADNS 2 Method 10225. ²²
Lead	Atomic Absorption; Furnace		3113 B	3113 B	3113 B	3113 B-04, B-10	D 3559-08 D, 15 D
	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2 ²
Magnesium	Atomic Absorption		3111 B	3111 B	3111 B		D 511-09, -14 B
	Inductively Coupled Plasma		3120 B	3120 B	3120 B
	Complexation Titrimetric Methods		3500-Mg B	3500-Mg B	3500-Mg B		D 511-09, -14 A
	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2 ²
	Ion Chromatography						D 6919-09
Mercury	Manual, Cold Vapor		3112 B	3112 B	3112 B	3112 B-09	D 3223-12
Nickel	Inductively Coupled Plasma		3120 B	3120 B	3120 B
	Atomic Absorption; Direct		3111 B	3111 B	3111 B
	Atomic Absorption; Furnace		3113 B	3113 B	3113 B	3113 B-04, B-10
	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2 ²
Nitrate	Ion Chromatography		4110 B	4110 B	4110 B		D 4327-11
	Automated Cadmium Reduction		4500-NO3− F	4500-NO3− F	4500-NO3− F
	Manual Cadmium Reduction		4500-NO3− E	4500-NO3− E	4500-NO3− E
	Ion Selective Electrode		4500-NO3− D	4500-NO3− D	4500-NO3− D
	Reduction/Colorimetric							Systea Easy (1-Reagent); ⁸ NECi Nitrate-Reductase. ⁴⁰
	Colorimetric; Direct							Hach TNTplus ^TM 835/836 Method 10206. ²³
	Capillary Ion Electrophoresis						D 6508-15
Nitrite	Ion Chromatography		4110 B	4110 B	4110 B		D 4327-11
	Automated Cadmium Reduction		4500-NO3− F	4500-NO3− F	4500-NO3− F
	Manual Cadmium Reduction		4500-NO3− E	4500-NO3− E	4500-NO3− E
	Spectrophotometric		4500-NO2− B	4500-NO2− B	4500-NO2− B
	Reduction/Colorimetric							Systea Easy (1-Reagent); ⁸ NECi Nitrate-Reductase. ⁴⁰
	Capillary Ion Electrophoresis						D 6508-15
Ortho-phosphate	Ion Chromatography		4110 B	4110 B	4110 B		D 4327-11
	Colorimetric, ascorbic acid, single reagent		4500-P E	4500-P E	4500-P E	4500-P E-99
	Colorimetric, Automated, Ascorbic Acid		4500-P F	4500-P F	4500-P F	4500-P F-99		Thermo Fisher Discrete Analyzer. ⁴¹
	Capillary Ion Electrophoresis						D 6508-15
pH	Electrometric	150.3 ⁴⁸	4500-H+ B	4500-H+ B	4500-H+ B		D 1293-12
Selenium	Hydride-Atomic Absorption		3114 B	3114 B	3114 B	3114 B-09	D 3859-08 A, -15 A
	Atomic Absorption; Furnace		3113 B	3113 B	3113 B	3113 B-04, B-10	D 3859-08 B, -15 B
	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2 ²
Silica	Colorimetric						D859-05, 10, 16
	Molybdosilicate		4500-SiO2 C	4500-SiO2 C	4500-SiO2 C
	Heteropoly blue		4500-SiO2 D	4500-SiO2 D	4500-SiO2 D
	Automated for Molybdate-reactive Silica		4500-SiO2 E	4500-SiO2 E	4500-SiO2 E
	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2 ²
	Inductively Coupled Plasma		3120 B	3120 B	3120 B
Sodium	Atomic Absorption; Direct Aspiration		3111 B	3111 B	3111 B
	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2 ²
	Ion Chromatography						D 6919-09
Temperature	Thermometric		2550	2550	2550	2550-10

Contaminant	Methodology	EPA method	SM 21st edition ¹	SM 22nd edition, ²⁸ SM 23rd edition ⁴⁹	SM online ³
Benzene	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
Carbon tetrachloride	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
Chlorobenzene	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
1,2-Dichlorobenzene	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
1,4-Dichlorobenzene	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
1,2-Dichloroethane	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
cis-Dichloroethylene	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
trans-Dichloroethylene	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
Dichloromethane	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
1,2-Dichloropropane	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
Ethylbenzene	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
Styrene	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3,; ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
Tetrachloroethylene	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
1,1,1-Trichloroethane	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
Trichloroethylene	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
Toluene	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
1,1-Dichloroethylene	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
1,1,2-Trichlorethane	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
Vinyl chloride	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
Xylenes (total)	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
2,4-D	Gas Chromatography/Electron Capture Detection (GC/ECD)		6640 B	6640 B	6640 B-01, B-06.
2,4,5-TP (Silvex)	Gas Chromatography/Electron Capture Detection (GC/ECD)		6640 B	6640 B	6640 B-01, B-06.
Alachlor	Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)	525.3. ²⁴
Atrazine	Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS)	536. ²⁵
	Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)	525.3, ²⁴523. ²⁶
Benzo(a)pyrene	Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)	525.3. ²⁴
Carbofuran	High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with post-column derivatization and fluorescence detection		6610 B	6610 B	6610 B-04.
Chlordane	Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)	525.3. ²⁴
Dalapon	Ion Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (IC-ESI-MS/MS)	557. ¹⁴
	Gas Chromatography/Electron Capture Detection (GC/ECD)		6640 B	6640 B	6640 B-01, B-06.
Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate	Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)	525.3. ²⁴
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate	Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)	525.3. ²⁴
Dibromochloropropane (DBCP)	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3. ⁹
Dinoseb	Gas Chromatography/Electron Capture Detection (GC/ECD)		6640 B	6640 B	6640 B-01, B-06.
Endrin	Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)	525.3. ²⁴
Ethyl dibromide (EDB)	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3. ⁹
Glyphosate	High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with Post-Column Derivatization and Fluorescence Detection		6651 B	6651 B	6651 B-00, B-05.
Heptachlor	Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)	525.3. ²⁴
Heptachlor Epoxide	Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)	525.3. ²⁴
Hexachlorobenzene	Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)	525.3. ²⁴
Hexachlorocyclo-pentadiene	Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)	525.3. ²⁴
Lindane	Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)	525.3. ²⁴
Methoxychlor	Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)	525.3. ²⁴
Oxamyl	High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with post-column derivatization and fluorescence detection		6610 B	6610 B	6610 B-04.
PCBs (as Aroclors)	Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)	525.3. ²⁴
Pentachlorophenol	Gas Chromatography/Electron Capture Detection (GC/ECD)		6640 B	6640 B	6640 B-01, B-06.
	Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)	525.3. ²⁴
Picloram	Gas Chromatography/Electron Capture Detection (GC/ECD)		6640 B	6640 B	6640 B-01, B-06.
Simazine	Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS)	536. ²⁵
	Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)	525.3, ²⁴523. ²⁶
Toxaphene	Solid Phase Extraction/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)	525.3. ²⁴
Total Trihalomethanes	Purge &Trap/Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry	524.3, ⁹524.4 ²⁹

Organism	Methodology	SM 21st edition ¹	SM 22nd edition ²⁸	SM 23rd edition ⁴⁹	SM Online ³	Other
Total Coliform	Total Coliform Fermentation Technique	9221 A, B, C	9221 A, B, C	9221 A, B, C	9221 A,B,C-06
	Total Coliform Membrane Filter Technique	9222 A, B, C		9222 A, B, C.
	ONPG-MUG Test	9223	9223 B	9223 B	9223 B-04.
Fecal Coliforms	Fecal Coliform Procedure	9221 E	9221 E	9221 E	9221 E-06.
	Fecal Coliform Filter Procedure	9222 D	9222 D	9222 D	9222 D-06.
Heterotrophic bacteria	Pour Plate Method	9215 B	9215 B	9215 B	9215 B-04.
Turbidity	Nephelometric Method	2130 B	2130 B	2130 B		Hach Method 8195, Rev. 3.0. ⁵²
	Laser Nephelometry (on-line)					Mitchell M5271, ¹⁰ Mitchell M5331, Rev. 1.2, ⁴² Lovibond PTV 6000. ⁴⁶
	LED Nephelometry (on-line)					Mitchell M5331, ¹¹ Mitchell M5331, Rev. 1.2, ⁴² Lovibond PTV 2000. ⁴⁵
	LED Nephelometry (on-line)					AMI Turbiwell, ¹⁵ Lovibond PTV 1000. ⁴⁴
	LED Nephelometry (portable)					Orion AQ4500. ¹²
	360° Nephelometry					Hach Method 10258 Rev. 1.0, ³⁹ Hach Method 10258, Rev. 2.0. ⁵¹

Residual	Methodology	SM 21st edition ¹	SM 22nd edition, ²⁸ SM 23rd edition ⁴⁹	ASTM ⁴	Other
Free Chlorine	Amperometric Titration	4500-Cl D	4500-Cl D	D 1253-08, -14
	DPD Ferrous Titrimetric	4500-Cl F	4500-Cl F
	DPD Colorimetric	4500-Cl G	4500-Cl G		Hach Method 10260. ³¹
	Indophenol Colorimetric				Hach Method 10241. ³⁴
	Syringaldazine (FACTS)	4500-Cl H	4500-Cl H
	On-line Chlorine Analyzer				EPA 334.0. ¹⁶
	Amperometric Sensor				ChloroSense. ¹⁷
Total Chlorine	Amperometric Titration	4500-Cl D	4500-Cl D	D 1253-08, -14
	Amperometric Titration (Low level measurement)	4500-Cl E	4500-Cl E.
	DPD Ferrous Titrimetric	4500-Cl F	4500-Cl F.
	DPD Colorimetric	4500-Cl G	4500-Cl G		Hach Method 10260. ³¹
	Iodometric Electrode	4500-Cl I	4500-Cl I.
	On-line Chlorine Analyzer				EPA 334.0. ¹⁶
	Amperometric Sensor				ChloroSense. ¹⁷
Chlorine Dioxide	Amperometric Titration	4500-ClO2 C	4500-ClO2 C.
	Amperometric Titration	4500-ClO2 E.	4500-ClO2 E.
	Amperometric Sensor				ChlordioX Plus. ³²
Ozone	Indigo Method	4500-O3 B	4500-O3 B.

Residual	Methodology	SM 21st edition ¹	SM 22nd edition, ²⁸ SM 23rd edition ⁴⁹	ASTM ⁴	Other
Free Chlorine	Amperometric Titration	4500-Cl D	4500-Cl D	D 1253-08, -14.
	DPD Ferrous Titrimetric	4500-Cl F	4500-Cl F
	DPD Colorimetric	4500-Cl G	4500-Cl G		Hach Method 10260. ³¹
	Indophenol Colorimetric				Hach Method 10241. ³⁴
	Syringaldazine (FACTS)	4500-Cl H	4500-Cl H.
	Amperometric Sensor				ChloroSense. ¹⁷
	On-line Chlorine Analyzer				EPA 334.0. ¹⁶
Combined Chlorine	Amperometric Titration	4500-Cl D	4500-Cl D	D 1253-08, -14.
	DPD Ferrous Titrimetric	4500-Cl F	4500-Cl F
	DPD Colorimetric	4500-Cl G	4500-Cl G		Hach Method 10260. ³¹
Total Chlorine	Amperometric Titration	4500-Cl D	4500-Cl D	D 1253-08, -14.
	Low level Amperometric Titration	4500-Cl E	4500-Cl E.
	DPD Ferrous Titrimetric	4500-Cl F	4500-Cl F.
	DPD Colorimetric	4500-Cl G	4500-Cl G		Hach Method 10260. ³¹
	Iodometric Electrode	4500-Cl I	4500-Cl I.
	Amperometric Sensor				ChloroSense. ¹⁷
	On-line Chlorine Analyzer				EPA 334.0. ¹⁶
Chlorine Dioxide	Amperometric Method II	4500-ClO2 E	4500-ClO2 E.
	Amperometric Sensor				ChlordioX Plus. ³²

Residual	Methodology	Method
Free Chlorine	Test Strips	Method D99-003 ⁵

Parameter	Methodology	SM 21st edition ¹	SM 22nd edition ²⁸	SM 23rd edition ⁴⁹	SM online ³	EPA	Other
Total Organic Carbon (TOC)	High Temperature Combustion	5310 B	5310 B	5310 B		415.3, Rev 1.2. ¹⁹
	Persulfate-Ultraviolet or Heated Persulfate Oxidation	5310 C	5310 C	5310 C		415.3, Rev 1.2. ¹⁹	Hach Method 10267. ³⁸
	Wet Oxidation	5310 D	5310 D			415.3, Rev 1.2. ¹⁹
	Ozone Oxidation						Hach Method 10261. ³⁷
Specific Ultraviolet Absorbance (SUVA)	Calculation using DOC and UV254 data					415.3, Rev 1.2. ¹⁹
Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC)	High Temperature Combustion	5310 B	5310 B	5310 B		415.3, Rev 1.2. ¹⁹
	Persulfate-Ultraviolet or Heated Persulfate Oxidation	5310 C	5310 C	5310 C		415.3, Rev 1.2. ¹⁹
	Wet Oxidation	5310 D	5310 D			415.3, Rev 1.2. ¹⁹
Ultraviolet absorption at 254 nm (UV254)	Spectrophotometry	5910 B	5910 B	5910 B	5910 B-11	415.3, Rev 1.2. ¹⁹

Contaminant	Methodology	EPA method
Bromate	Two-Dimensional Ion Chromatography (IC)	302.0 ¹⁸
	Ion Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (IC-ESI-MS/MS)	557 ¹⁴

Organism	Methodology	EPA Method
Cryptosporidium	Filtration/Immunomagnetic Separation/Immunofluorescence Assay Microscopy	1623.1 ²⁷

Organism	Methodology	SM 20th edition ⁶
E. coli	Membrane Filtration, Two Step	9222 D/9222 G

Organism	Methodology category	Method	SM 20th, 21st editions ^{1 6}	SM 22nd edition ²⁸	SM 23rd edition ⁴⁹	SM online ³
Total Coliforms	Lactose Fermentation Methods	Standard Total Coliform Fermentation Technique		9221 B.1, B.2	9221 B.1, B.2, B.3, B.4	9221 B.1, B.2-06.
		Presence-Absence (P-A) Coliform Test			9221 D.1, D.2, D.3
	Membrane Filtration Methods	Standard Total Coliform Membrane Filter Procedure using Endo Media			9222 B, C.
		Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliforms and E. coli by Dual Chromogen Membrane Filter Procedure (using mColiBlue24 medium)			9222 J.
	Enzyme Substrate Methods	Colilert®		9223 B	9223 B	9223 B-04.
		Colisure®		9223 B	9223 B	9223 B-04.
		Colilert-18	9223 B	9223 B	9223 B	9223 B-04.
		Tecta EC/TC ^33 43
Escherichia coli	Escherichia coli Procedure (following Lactose Fermentation Methods)	EC-MUG medium		9221 F.1	9221 F.1	9221 F.1-06.
	Escherichia coli Partitioning Methods (following Membrane Filtration Methods)	EC broth with MUG (EC-MUG)			9222 H.
		NA-MUG medium			9222 I.
	Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliforms and E. coli by Dual Chromogen Membrane Filter Procedure	mColiBlue24 medium			9222 J.
	Enzyme Substrate Methods	Colilert®		9223 B	9223 B	9223 B-04.
		Colisure®		9223 B	9223 B	9223 B-04.
		Colilert-18	9223 B	9223 B	9223 B	9223 B-04.
		Tecta EC/TC ^33 43

Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 143.4(b)

Contaminant	Methodology	EPA method	ASTM ⁴	SM 21st edition ¹	SM 22nd edition, ²⁸ SM 23rd edition ⁴⁹	SM online ³
Aluminum	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2. ²
	Atomic Absorption; Direct			3111 D	3111 D.
	Atomic Absorption; Furnace			3113 B	3113 B	3113 B-04, B-10.
	Inductively Coupled Plasma			3120 B	3120 B.
Chloride	Silver Nitrate Titration		D 512-04 B, 12 B	4500-Cl− B	4500-Cl− B
	Ion Chromatography		D 4327-11	4110 B	4110 B.
	Potentiometric Titration			4500-Cl− D	4500-Cl− D.
Color	Visual Comparison			2120 B	2120 B.
Foaming Agents	Methylene Blue Active Substances (MBAS)			5540 C	5540 C.
Iron	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2. ²
	Atomic Absorption; Direct			3111 B	3111 B.
	Atomic Absorption; Furnace			3113 B	3113 B	3113 B-04, B-10.
	Inductively Coupled Plasma			3120 B	3120 B.
Manganese	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2. ²
	Atomic Absorption; Direct			3111 B	3111 B.
	Atomic Absorption; Furnace			3113 B	3113 B	3113 B-04, B-10.
	Inductively Coupled Plasma			3120 B	3120 B.
Odor	Threshold Odor Test			2150 B	2150 B.
Silver	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2. ²
	Atomic Absorption; Direct			3111 B	3111 B.
	Atomic Absorption; Furnace			3113 B	3113 B	3113 B-04, B-10.
	Inductively Coupled Plasma			3120 B	3120 B.
Sulfate	Ion Chromatography		D 4327-11	4110 B	4110 B.
	Gravimetric with ignition of residue			4500-SO4 2− C	4500-SO4 2− C	4500-SO4 2− C-97.
	Gravimetric with drying of residue			4500-SO4 2− D	4500-SO4 2− D	4500-SO4 2− D-97.
	Turbidimetric method		D 516-07, 11, 16	4500-SO4 2− E	4500-SO4 2− E	4500-SO4 2− E-97.
	Automated methylthymol blue method			4500-SO4 2− F	4500-SO4 2− F	4500-SO4 2− F-97.
Total Dissolved Solids	Total Dissolved Solids Dried at 180 deg C			2540 C	2540 C.
Zinc	Axially viewed inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (AVICP-AES)	200.5, Revision 4.2. ²
	Atomic Absorption; Direct Aspiration			3111 B	3111 B.
	Inductively Coupled Plasma			3120 B	3120 B.

¹ Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 21st edition (2005). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street, NW., Washington, DC 20001-3710.

² EPA Method 200.5, Revision 4.2. “Determination of Trace Elements in Drinking Water by Axially Viewed Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry.” 2003. EPA/600/R-06/115. (Available at http://www.epa.gov/water-research/epa-drinking-water-research-methods.)

³ Standard Methods Online are available at http://www.standardmethods.org. The year in which each method was approved by the Standard Methods Committee is designated by the last two digits in the method number. The methods listed are the only online versions that may be used.

⁴ Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 or http://astm.org. The methods listed are the only alternative versions that may be used.

⁵ Method D99-003, Revision 3.0. “Free Chlorine Species (HOCl− and OCl−) by Test Strip,” November 21, 2003. Available from Industrial Test Systems, Inc., 1875 Langston St., Rock Hill, SC 29730.

⁶ Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th edition (1998). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street, NW., Washington, DC 20001-3710.

⁷ Method ME355.01, Revision 1.0. “Determination of Cyanide in Drinking Water by GC/MS Headspace,” May 26, 2009. Available at http://www.nemi.gov or from James Eaton, H & E Testing Laboratory, 221 State Street, Augusta, ME 04333. (207) 287-2727.

⁸ Systea Easy (1-Reagent). “Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method,” February 4, 2009. Available at http://www.nemi.gov or from Systea Scientific, LLC., 900 Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL 60523.

⁹ EPA Method 524.3, Version 1.0. “Measurement of Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry,” June 2009. EPA 815-B-09-009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov.

¹⁰ Mitchell Method M5271, Revision 1.1. “Determination of Turbidity by Laser Nephelometry,” March 5, 2009. Available at http://www.nemi.gov or from Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO 81507.

¹¹ Mitchell Method M5331, Revision 1.1. “Determination of Turbidity by LED Nephelometry,” March 5, 2009. Available at http://www.nemi.gov or from Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO 81507.

¹² Orion Method AQ4500, Revision 1.0. “Determination of Turbidity by LED Nephelometry,” May 8, 2009. Available at http://www.nemi.gov or from Thermo Scientific, 166 Cummings Center, Beverly, MA 01915, http://www.thermo.com.

¹³ Modified Colitag ^TM Method, “Modified Colitag ^TM Test Method for the Simultaneous Detection of E. coli and other Total Coliforms in Water (ATP D05-0035),” August 28, 2009. Available at http://www.nemi.gov or from CPI, International, 580 Skylane Boulevard, Santa Rosa, CA 95403.

¹⁴ EPA Method 557. “Determination of Haloacetic Acids, Bromate, and Dalapon in Drinking Water by Ion Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (IC-ESI-MS/MS),” September 2009. EPA 815-B-09-012. Available at https://www.nemi.gov.

¹⁵ AMI Turbiwell, “Continuous Measurement of Turbidity Using a SWAN AMI Turbiwell Turbidimeter,” August 2009. Available at http://www.nemi.gov or from Markus Bernasconi, SWAN Analytische Instrumente AG, Studbachstrasse 13, CH-8340 Hinwil, Switzerland.

¹⁶ EPA Method 334.0. “Determination of Residual Chlorine in Drinking Water Using an On-line Chlorine Analyzer,” September 2009. EPA 815-B-09-013. Available at https://www.nemi.gov.

¹⁷ ChloroSense. “Measurement of Free and Total Chlorine in Drinking Water by Palintest ChloroSense,” August 2009. Available at https://www.nemi.gov or from Palintest Ltd, 1455 Jamike Avenue (Suite 100), Erlanger, KY 41018.

¹⁸ EPA Method 302.0. “Determination of Bromate in Drinking Water using Two-Dimensional Ion Chromatography with Suppressed Conductivity Detection,” September 2009. EPA 815-B-09-014. Available at https://www.nemi.gov.

¹⁹ EPA 415.3, Revision 1.2. “Determination of Total Organic Carbon and Specific UV Absorbance at 254 nm in Source Water and Drinking Water,” September 2009. EPA/600/R-09/122. Available at http://www.epa.gov/water-research/epa-drinking-water-research-methods.

²⁰ Readycult® Method, “Readycult® Coliforms 100 Presence/Absence Test for Detection and Identification of Coliform Bacteria and Escherichia coli in Finished Waters,” January, 2007. Version 1.1. Available from EMD Millipore (division of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), 290 Concord Road, Billerica, MA 01821.

²¹ Chromocult® Method, “Chromocult® Coliform Agar Presence/Absence Membrane Filter Test Method for Detection and Identification of Coliform Bacteria and Escherichia coli in Finished Waters,” November, 2000. Version 1.0. EMD Millipore (division of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), 290 Concord Road, Billerica, MA 01821.

²² Hach Company. “Hach Company SPADNS 2 (Arsenite-Free) Fluoride Method 10225 - Spectrophotometric Measurement of Fluoride in Water and Wastewater,” January 2011. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, Colorado 80539.

²³ Hach Company. “Hach Company TNTplus ^TM 835/836 Nitrate Method 10206 - Spectrophotometric Measurement of Nitrate in Water and Wastewater,” January 2011. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, Colorado 80539.

²⁴ EPA Method 525.3. “Determination of Semivolatile Organic Chemicals in Drinking Water by Solid Phase Extraction and Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS),” February 2012. EPA/600/R-12/010. Available at http://www.epa.gov/water-research/epa-drinking-water-research-methods.

²⁵ EPA Method 536. “Determination of Triazine Pesticides and their Degradates in Drinking Water by Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS),” October 2007. EPA 815-B-07-002. Available at the National Service Center for Environmental Publications (EPA Method 536).

²⁶ EPA Method 523. “Determination of Triazine Pesticides and their Degradates in Drinking Water by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS),” February 2011. EPA 815-R-11-002. Available at the National Service Center for Environmental Publications (EPA Method 523).

²⁷ EPA Method 1623.1. “Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Water by Filtration/IMS/FA,” 2012. EPA-816-R-12-001. Available at the National Service Center for Environmental Publications (www.epa.gov/nscep). Search “816R12001”.

²⁸ Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 22nd edition (2012). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street NW., Washington, DC 20001-3710.

²⁹ EPA Method 524.4, Version 1.0. “Measurement of Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry using Nitrogen Purge Gas,” May 2013. EPA 815-R-13-002. Available at the National Service Center for Environmental Publications (EPA Method 524.4).

³⁰ Charm Sciences Inc. “Fast Phage Test Procedure. Presence/Absence for Coliphage in Ground Water with Same Day Positive Prediction”. Version 009. November 2012. 659 Andover Street, Lawrence, MA 01843. Available at www.charmsciences.com.

³¹ Hach Company. “Hach Method 10260 - Determination of Chlorinated Oxidants (Free and Total) in Water Using Disposable Planar Reagent-filled Cuvettes and Mesofluidic Channel Colorimetry,” April 2013. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539.

³² ChlordioX Plus. “Chlorine Dioxide and Chlorite in Drinking Water by Amperometry using Disposable Sensors,” November 2013. Available from Palintest Ltd, Jamike Avenue (Suite 100), Erlanger, KY 41018.

³³ Tecta EC/TC. “Techta ^TM EC/TC Medium and Techta ^TM Instrument: A Presence/Absence Method for the Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliforms and Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Drinking Water,” version 1.0, May 2014. Available from Pathogen Detection Systems, Inc., 382 King Street East, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7K 2Y2.

³⁴ Hach Company. “Hach Method 10241 - Spectrophotometric Measurement of Free Chlorine (Cl2) in Drinking Water,” November 2015. Revision 1.2. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539.

³⁵ Hach Company. “Hach Method 8026 - Spectrophotometric Measurement of Copper in Finished Drinking Water,” December 2015. Revision 1.2. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539.

³⁶ Hach Company. “Hach Method 10272 - Spectrophotometric Measurement of Copper in Finished Drinking Water,” December 2015. Revision 1.2. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539.

³⁷ Hach Company. “Hach Method 10261 - Total Organic Carbon in Finished Drinking Water by Catalyzed Ozone Hydroxyl Radical Oxidation Infrared Analysis,” December 2015. Revision 1.2. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539.

³⁸ Hach Company. “Hach Method 10267 - Spectrophotometric Measurement of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) in Finished Drinking Water,” December 2015. Revision 1.2. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539.

³⁹ Hach Company. “Hach Method 10258 - Determination of Turbidity by 360° Nephelometry,” January 2016. Revision 1.0. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539.

⁴⁰ Nitrate Elimination Company, Inc. (NECi). “Method for Nitrate Reductase Nitrate-Nitrogen Analysis of Drinking Water,” February 2016. Superior Enzymes, Inc., 334 Hecla Street, Lake Linden, Michigan 49945.

⁴¹ Thermo Fisher. “Thermo Fisher Scientific Drinking Water Orthophosphate Method for Thermo Scientific Gallery Discrete Analyzer,” February 2016. Revision 5. Thermo Fisher Scientific, Ratastie 2, 01620 Vantaa, Finland.

⁴² Mitchell Method M5331, Revision 1.2. “Determination of Turbidity by LED or Laser Nephelometry,” February 2016. Available from Leck Mitchell, Ph.D., PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO 81507.

⁴³ Tecta EC/TC. “TectaTM EC/TC Medium and the TectaTM Instrument: A Presence/Absence Method for the Simultaneous Detection of Total Coliforms and Escherichia coli (E. coli) in Drinking Water,” version 2.0, February 2017. Available from Pathogen Detection Systems, Inc., 382 King Street East, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7K 2Y2.

⁴⁴ Lovibond PTV 1000. “Continuous Measurement of Drinking Water Turbidity Using a Lovibond PTV 1000 White Light LED Turbidimeter,” December 2016. Revision 1.0. Available from Tintometer, Inc., 6456 Parkland Drive, Sarasota, FL 34243.

⁴⁵ Lovibond PTV 2000. “Continuous Measurement of Drinking Water Turbidity Using a Lovibond PTV 2000 660-nm LED Turbidimeter,” December 2016. Revision 1.0. Available from Tintometer, Inc., 6456 Parkland Drive, Sarasota, FL 34243.

⁴⁶ Lovibond PTV 6000. “Continuous Measurement of Drinking Water Turbidity Using a Lovibond PTV 6000 Laser Turbidimeter,” December 2016. Revision 1.0. Available from Tintometer, Inc., 6456 Parkland Drive, Sarasota, FL 34243.

⁴⁷ Thermo Fisher. “Thermo Fisher Method 557.1: Determination of Haloacetic Acids in Drinking Water using Two-Dimensional Ion Chromatography with Suppressed Conductivity Detection,” January 2017. Version 1.0. Available from Thermo Fisher Scientific, 490 Lakeside Dr., Sunnyvale, CA 94085 ([email protected]).

⁴⁸ EPA Method 150.3. “Determination of pH in Drinking Water,” February 2017. EPA 815-B-17-001. Available at the National Service Center for Environmental Publications (EPA Method 150.3).

⁴⁹ Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 23rd edition (2017). Available from American Public Health Association, 800 I Street NW, Washington, DC 20001-3710.

⁵⁰ EPA Method 900.0, Rev. 1.0. “Determination of Gross Alpha and Gross Beta in Drinking Water,” February 2018. EPA 815-B-18-002. Available at the National Service Center for Environmental Publications (EPA Method 900.0 Rev 1.0).

⁵¹ Hach Company. “Hach Method 10258 - Determination of Turbidity by 360° Nephelometry,” March 2018. Revision 2.0. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539.

⁵² Hach Company. “Hach Method 8195 - Determination of Turbidity by Nephelometry,” March 2018. Revision 3.0. 5600 Lindbergh Drive, P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539.

Appendix A to Subpart O of Part 141 - Regulated Contaminants

40:25.0.1.1.3.14.16.6.6 : Appendix A

Appendix A to Subpart O of Part 141 - Regulated Contaminants Link to an amendment published at 86 FR 4309, Jan. 15, 2021.

Contaminant (units)	Traditional MCL in mg/L	To convert for CCR, multiply by	MCL in CCR units	MCLG	Major sources in drinking water	Health effects language
Microbiological contaminants:
Total Coliform Bacteria †	MCL (systems that collect ≥40 samples/month) 5% of monthly samples are positive; (systems that collect <40 samples/month) 1 positive monthly sample		MCL (systems that collect ≥40 samples/month) 5% of monthly samples are positive; (systems that collect <40 samples/month) 1 positive monthly sample.	0	Naturally present in the environment	Coliforms are bacteria that are naturally present in the environment and are used as an indicator that other, potentially-harmful, bacteria may be present. Coliforms were found in more samples than allowed and this was a warning of potential problems.
Total Coliform Bacteria ‡	TT		TT	N/A	Naturally present in the environment	Use language found in § 141.153(h)(7)(i)(A)
Fecal coliform and E. coli †	0		0	0	Human and animal fecal waste	Fecal coliforms and E. coli are bacteria whose presence indicates that the water may be contaminated with human or animal wastes. Microbes in these wastes can cause short-term effects, such as diarrhea, cramps, nausea, headaches, or other symptoms. They may pose a special health risk for infants, young children, some of the elderly, and people with severely compromised immune systems.
E. coli ‡	Routine and repeat samples are total coliform-positive and either is E. coli-positive or system fails to take repeat samples following E. coli-positive routine sample or system fails to analyze total coliform-positive repeat sample for E. coli		Routine and repeat samples are total coliform-positive and either is E. coli-positive or system fails to take repeat samples following E. coli-positive routine sample or system fails to analyze total coliform-positive repeat sample for E. coli	0	Human and animal fecal waste	E. coli are bacteria whose presence indicates that the water may be contaminated with human or animal wastes. Human pathogens in these wastes can cause short-term effects, such as diarrhea, cramps, nausea, headaches, or other symptoms. They may pose a greater health risk for infants, young children, the elderly, and people with severely-compromised immune systems.
Fecal Indicators (enterococci or coliphage)	TT		TT	N/A	Human and animal fecal waste	Fecal indicators are microbes whose presence indicates that the water may be contaminated with human or animal wastes. Microbes in these wastes can cause short-term health effects, such as diarrhea, cramps, nausea, headaches, or other symptoms. They may pose a special health risk for infants, young children, some of the elderly, and people with severely compromised immune systems.
Total organic carbon (ppm)	TT		TT	N/A	Naturally present in the environment	Total organic carbon (TOC) has no health effects. However, total organic carbon provides a medium for the formation of disinfection by products. These byproducts include trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). Drinking water containing these byproducts in excess of the MCL may lead to adverse health effects, liver or kidney problems, or nervous system effects, and may lead to an increased risk of getting cancer.
Turbidity (NTU)	TT		TT	N/A	Soil runoff	Turbidity has no health effects. However, turbidity can interfere with disinfection and provide a medium for microbial growth. Turbidity may indicate the presence of disease-causing organisms. These organisms include bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can cause symptoms such as nausea, cramps, diarrhea and associated headaches.
Radioactive contaminants:
Beta/photon emitters (mrem/yr)	4 mrem/yr	−	4	0	Decay of natural and man-made deposits	Certain minerals are radioactive and may emit forms of radiation known as photons and beta radiation. Some people who drink water containing beta particle and photon radioactivity in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Alpha emitters (pCi/L)	15 pCi/L	−	15	0	Erosion of natural deposits	Certain minerals are radioactive and may emit a form of radiation known as alpha radiation. Some people who drink water containing alpha emitters in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Combined radium (pCi/L)	5 pCi/L	−	5	0	Erosion of natural deposits	Some people who drink water containing radium-226 or -228 in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Uranium (pCi/L)	30 µg/L	−	30	0	Erosion of natural deposits	Some people who drink water containing uranium in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer and kidney toxicity.
Inorganic contaminants:
Antimony (ppb)	.006	1000	6	6	Discharge from petroleum refineries; fire retardants; ceramics; electronics; solder	Some people who drink water containing antimony well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience increases in blood cholesterol and decreases in blood sugar.
Arsenic (ppb)	¹ 0.010	1000	¹ 10.	¹ 0	Erosion of natural deposits; Runoff from orchards; Runoff from glass and electronics production wastes	Some people who drink water containing arsenic in excess of the MCL over many years could experience skin damage or problems with their circulatory system, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Asbestos (MFL)	7 MFL		7	7	Decay of asbestos cement water mains; Erosion of natural deposits	Some people who drink water containing asbestos in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of developing benign intestinal polyps.
Barium (ppm)	2		2	2	Discharge of drilling wastes; Discharge from metal refineries; Erosion of natural deposits	Some people who drink water containing barium in excess of the MCL over many years could experience an increase in their blood pressure.
Beryllium (ppb)	.004	1000	4	4	Discharge from metal refineries and coal-burning factories; Discharge from electrical, aerospace, and defense industries	Some people who drink water containing beryllium well in excess of the MCL over many years could develop intestinal lesions
Bromate (ppb)	.010	1000	10	0	By-product of drinkig water disinfection	Some people who drink water of containing bromate in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Cadmium (ppb)	.005	1000	5	5	Corrosion of galvanized pipes; Erosion of natural deposits; Discharge from metal refineries; Runoff from waste batteries and paints	Some people who drink water containing cadmium in excess of the MCL over many years could experience kidney damage.
Chloramines (ppm)	MRDL = 4		MRDL = 4	MRDLG = 4	Water additive used to control microbes	Some people who use water containing chloramines well in excess of the MRDL could experience irritating effects to their eyes and nose. Some people who drink water containing chloramines well in excess of the MRDL could experience stomach discomfort or anemia.
Chlorine (ppm)	MRDL = 4		MRDL = 4	MRDLG = 4	Water additive used to control microbes	Some people who use water containing chlorine well in excess of the MRDL could experience irritating effects to their eyes and nose. Some people who drink water containing chlorine well in excess of the MRDL could experience stomach discomfort.
Chlorine dioxide (ppb)	MRDL = .8	1000	MRDL = 800	MRDLG = 800	Water additive used to control micorbes	Some infants and young children who drink water chlorine dioxide in excess of the MRDL could experience nervous system effects. Similar effects may occur in fetuses of pregnant women who drink water containing chlorine dioxide in excess of the MRDL. Some people may experience anemia.
Chlorite (ppm)	1		1	0.8	By-product of drinking water disinfection	Some infants and young children who drink water containing chlorite in excess of the MCL could experience nervous system effects. Similar effects may occur in fetuses of pregnant women who drink water containing chlorite in excess of the MCL. Some people may experience anemia.
Chromium (ppb)	.1	1000	100	100	Discharge from steel and pulp mills; Erosion of natural deposits	Some people who use water containing chromium well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience allergic dermatitis.
Copper (ppm)	AL = 1.3		AL = 1.3	1.3	Corrosion of household plumbing systems; Erosion of natural deposits	Copper is an essential nutrient, but some people who drink water containing copper in excess of the action level over a relatively short amount of time could experience gastrointestinal distress. Some people who drink water containing copper in excess of the action level over many years could suffer liver or kidney damage. People with Wilson's disease should consult their personal doctor.
Cyanide (ppb)	.2	1000	200	200	Discharge from steel/metal factories; Discharge from plastic and fertilizer factories	Some people who drink water containing cyanide well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience nerve damage or problems with their thyroid.
Fluoride (ppm)	4		4	4	Erosion of natural deposits; Water additive which promotes strong teeth; Discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories	Some people who drink water containing fluoride in excess of the MCL over many years could get bone disease, including pain and tenderness of the bones. Fluoride in drinking water at half the MCL or more may cause mottling of children's teeth, usually in children less than nine years old. Mottling, also known as dental fluorosis, may include brown staining and/or pitting of the teeth, and occurs only in developing teeth before they erupt from the gums.
Lead (ppb)	AL = .015	1000	AL = 15	0	Corrosion of household plumbing systems; Erosion of natural deposits	Infants and children who drink water containing lead in excess of the action level could experience delays in their physical or mental development. Children could show slight deficits in attention span and learning abilities. Adults who drink this water over many years could develop kidney problems or high blood pressure.
Mercury [inorganic] (ppb)	.002	1000	2	2	Erosion of natural deposits; Dis charge from refineries and factories; Runoff from landfills; Runoff from cropland	Some people who drink water containing inorganic mercury well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience kidney damage.
Nitrate (ppm)	10		10	10	Runoff from fertilizer use; Leaching from septic tanks, sew age; Erosion of natural deposits	Infants below the age of six months who drink water containing nitrate in excess of the MCL could become seriously ill and, if untreated, may die. Symptoms include shortness of breath and blue baby syndrome.
Nitrite (ppm)	1		1	1	Runoff from fertilizer use; Leaching from septic tanks, sew age; Erosion of natural deposits	Infants below the age of six months who drink water containing nitrite in excess of the MCL could become seriously ill and, if untreated, may die. Symptoms include shortness of breath and blue baby syndrome.
Selenium (ppb)	.05	1000	50	50	Discharge from petroleum and metal refineries; Erosion of natural deposits; Discharge from mines	Selenium is an essential nutrient. However, some people who drink water containing selenium in excess of the MCL over many years could experience hair or fingernail losses, numbness in fingers or toes, or problems with their circulation.
Thallium (ppb)	.002	1000	2	0.5	Leaching from ore-processing sites; Discharge from electronics, glass, and drug factories	Some people who drink water containing thallium in excess of the MCL over many years could experience hair loss, changes in their blood, or problems with their kidneys, intestines, or liver.
Synthetic organic contaminants including pesticides and herbicides:
2,4-D (ppb)	.07	1000	70	70	Runoff from herbicide used on row crops	Some people who drink water containing the weed killer 2,4-D well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their kidneys, liver, or adrenal glands.
2,4,5-TP [Silvex](ppb)	.05	1000	50	50	Residue of banned herbicide	Some people who drink water containing silvex in excess of the MCL over many years could experience liver problems.
Acrylamide	TT		TT	0	Added to water during sewage/wastewater treatment	Some people who drink water containing high levels of acrylamide over a long period of time could have problems with their nervous system or blood, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Alachlor (ppb)	.002	1000	2	0	Runoff from herbicide used on row crops	Some people who drink water containing alachlor in excess of the MCL over many years could have problems with their eyes, liver, kidneys, or spleen, or experience anemia, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Atrazine (ppb)	.003	1000	3	3	Runoff from herbicide used on row crops	Some people who drink water containing atrazine well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their cardiovascular system or reproductive difficulties.
Benzo(a)pyrene [PAH] (nanograms/l)	.0002	1,000,000	200	0	Leaching from linings of water storage tanks and distribution lines	Some people who drink water containing benzo(a)pyrene in excess of the MCL over many years may experience reproductive difficulties and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Carbofuran (ppb)	.04	1000	40	40	Leaching of soil fumigant used on rice and alfalfa	Some people who drink water containing carbofuran in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their blood, or nervous or reproductive systems.
Chlordane (ppb)	.002	1000	2	0	Residue of banned termiticide	Some people who drink water containing chlordane in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver or nervous system, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Dalapon (ppb)	.2	1000	200	200	Runoff from herbicide used on rights of way	Some people who drink water containing dalapon well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience minor kidney changes.
Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (ppb)	.4	1000	400	400	Discharge from chemical factories	Some people who drink water containing di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience toxic effects such as weight loss, liver enlargement or possible reproductive difficulties.
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (ppb)	.006	1000	6	0	Discharge from rubber and chemical factories	Some people who drink water containing di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate well in excess of the MCL over many years may have problems with their liver, or experience reproductive difficulties, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Dibromochloropropane (ppt)	.0002	1,000,000	200	0	Runoff/leaching from soil fumigant used on soybeans, cotton, pineapples, and orchards	Some people who drink water containing DBCP in excess of the MCL over many years could experience reproductive problems and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Dinoseb (ppb)	.007	1000	7	7	Runoff from herbicide used on soybeans and vegetables	Some people who drink water containing dinoseb well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience reproductive difficulties.
Diquat (ppb)	.02	1000	20	20	Runoff from herbicide use	Some people who drink water containing diquat in excess of the MCL over many years could get cataracts.
Dioxin [2,3,7,8-TCDD] (ppq)	.00000003	1,000,000, 000	30	0	Emissions from waste incineration and other combustion; Discharge from chemical factories	Some people who drink water containing dioxin in excess of the MCL over many years could experience reproductive difficulties and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Endothall (ppb)	.1	1000	100	100	Runoff from herbicide use	Some people who drink water containing endothall in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their stomach or intestines.
Endrin (ppb)	.002	1000	2	2	Residue of banned insecticide	Some people who drink water containing endrin in excess of the MCL over many years could experience liver problems.
Epichlorohydrin	TT		TT	0	Discharge from industrial chemical factories; An impurity of some water treatment chemicals	Some people who drink water containing high levels of epichlorohydrin over a long period of time could experience stomach problems, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Ethylene dibromide (ppt)	.00005	1,000,000	50	0	Discharge from petroleum refineries	Some people who drink water containing ethylene dibromide in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver, stomach, reproductive system, or kidneys, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Glyphosate (ppb)	.7	1000	700	700	Runoff from herbicide use	Some people who drink water containing glyphosate in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their kidneys or reproductive difficulties.
Heptachlor (ppt)	.0004	1,000,000	400	0	Residue of banned pesticide	Some people who drink water containing heptachlor in excess of the MCL over many years could experience liver damage and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Heptachlor epoxide (ppt)	.0002	1,000,000	200	0	Breakdown of heptachlor	Some people who drink water containing heptachlor epoxide in excess of the MCL over many years could experience liver damage, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Hexachlorobenzene (ppb)	.001	1000	1	0	Discharge from metal refineries and agricultural chemical factories	Some people who drink water containing hexachlorobenzene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver or kidneys, or adverse reproductive effects, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene (ppb)	.05	1000	50	50	Discharge from chemical factories	Some people who drink water containing hexachlorocyclopentadiene well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their kidneys or stomach.
Lindane (ppt)	.0002	1,000,000	200	200	Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on cattle, lumber, gardens	Some people who drink water containing lindane in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their kidneys or liver.
Methoxychlor (ppb)	.04	1000	40	40	Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on fruits, vegetables, alfalfa, livestock	Some people who drink water containing methoxychlor in excess of the MCL over many years could experience reproductive difficulties.
Oxamyl [Vydate] (ppb)	.2	1000	200	200	Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on apples, potatoes and tomatoes	Some people who drink water containing oxamyl in excess of the MCL over many years could experience slight nervous system effects.
PCBs [Polychlorinated biphenyls] (ppt)	.0005	1,000,000	500	0	Runoff from landfills; Discharge of waste chemicals	Some people who drink water containing PCBs in excess of the MCL over many years could experience changes in their skin, problems with their thymus gland, immune deficiencies, or reproductive or nervous system difficulties, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Pentachlorophenol (ppb)	.001	1000	1	0	Discharge from wood preserving factories	Some people who drink water containing pentachlorophenol in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver or kidneys, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Picloram (ppb)	.5	1000	500	500	Herbicide runoff	Some people who drink water containing picloram in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver.
Simazine (ppb)	.004	1000	4	4	Herbicide runoff	Some people who drink water containing simazine in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their blood.
Toxaphene (ppb)	.003	1000	3	0	Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on cotton and cattle	Some people who drink water containing toxaphene in excess of the MCL over many years could have problems with their kidneys, liver, or thyroid, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Volatile organic contaminants:
Benzene (ppb)	.005	1000	5	0	Discharge from factories; Leaching from gas storage tanks and landfills	Some people who drink water containing benzene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience anemia or a decrease in blood platelets, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Carbon tetrachloride (ppb)	.005	1000	5	0	Discharge from chemical plants and other industrial activities	Some people who drink water containing carbon tetrachloride in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Chlorobenzene (ppb)	.1	1000	100	100	Discharge from chemical and agricultural chemical factories	Some people who drink water containing chlorobenzene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver or kidneys.
o-Dichlorobenzene (ppb)	.6	1000	600	600	Discharge from industrial chemical factories	Some people who drink water containing o-dichlorobenzene well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver, kidneys, or circulatory systems.
p-Dichlorobenzene (ppb)	.075	1000	75	75	Discharge from industrial chemical factories	Some people who drink water containing p-dichlorobenzene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience anemia, damage to their liver, kidneys, or spleen, or changes in their blood.
1,2-Dichloroethane (ppb)	.005	1000	5	0	Discharge from industrial chemical factories	Some people who drink water containing 1,2-dichloroethane in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
1,1-Dichloroethylene (ppb)	.007	1000	7	7	Discharge from industrial chemical factories	Some people who drink water containing 1,1-dichloroethylene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver.
cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene (ppb)	.07	1000	70	70	Discharge from industrial chemical factories	Some people who drink water containing cis-1,2-dichloroethylene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver.
trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene (ppb)	.1	1000	100	100	Discharge from industrial chemical factories	Some people who drink water containing trans-1,2-dichloroethylene well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver.
Dichloromethane (ppb)	.005	1000	5	0	Discharge from pharmaceutical and chemical factories	Some people who drink water containing dichloromethane in excess of the MCL over many years could have liver problems and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
1,2-Dichloropropane (ppb)	.005	1000	5	0	Discharge from industrial chemical factories	Some people who drink water containing 1,2-dichloropropane in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Ethylbenzene (ppb)	.7	1000	700	700	Discharge from petroleum refineries	Some people who drink water containing ethylbenzene well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver or kidneys.
Haloacetic Acids (HAA) (ppb)	.060	1000	60	N/A	By-product of drinking water disinfection	Some people who drink water containing haloacetic acids in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Styrene (ppb)	.1	1000	100	100	Discharge from rubber and plastic factories; Leaching from landfills	Some people who drink water containing styrene well in excess of the MCL over many years could have problems with their liver, kidneys, or circulatory system.
Tetrachloroethylene (ppb)	.005	1000	5	0	Discharge from factories and dry cleaners	Some people who drink water containing tetrachloroethylene in excess of the MCL over many years could have problems with their liver, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene (ppb)	.07	1000	70	70	Discharge from textile-finishing factories	Some people who drink water containing 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene well in excess of the MCL over many years could experience changes in their adrenal glands.
1,1,1-Trichloroethane (ppb)	.2	1000	200	200	Discharge from metal degreasing sites and other factories	Some people who drink water containing 1,1,1-trichloroethane in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver, nervous system, or circulatory system.
1,1,2-Trichloroethane (ppb)	.005	1000	5	3	Discharge from industrial chemical factories	Some people who drink water containing 1,1,2-trichloroethane well in excess of the MCL over many years could have problems with their liver, kidneys, or immune systems.
Trichloroethylene (ppb)	.005	1000	5	0	Discharge from metal degreasing sites and other factories	Some people who drink water containing trichloroethylene in excess of the MCL over many years could experience problems with their liver and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
TTHMs [Total trihalomethanes] (ppb)	0.10/.080	1000	100/80	N/A	By-product of drinking water disinfection	Some people who drink water containing trihalomethanes in excess of the MCL over many years may experience problems with their liver, kidneys, or central nervous systems, and may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Toluene (ppm)	1		1	1	Discharge from petroleum factories	Some people who drink water containing toluene well in excess of the MCL over many years could have problems with their nervous system, kidneys, or liver.
Vinyl Chloride (ppb)	.002	1000	2	0	Leaching from PVC piping; Discharge from plastics factories	Some people who drink water containing vinyl chloride in excess of the MCL over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer.
Xylenes (ppm)	10		10	10	Discharge from petroleum factories; Discharge from chemical factories	Some people who drink water containing xylenes in excess of the MCL over many years could experience damage to their nervous system.

† Until March 31, 2016.

‡ Beginning April 1, 2016.

¹ These arsenic values are effective January 23, 2006. Until then, the MCL is 0.05 mg/L and there is no MCLG.

Key:

AL = Action Level

MCL = Maximum Contaminant Level

MCLG = Maximum Contaminant Level Goal

MFL = million fibers per liter

MRDL = Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level

MRDLG = Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal

mrem/year = millirems per year (a measure of radiation absorbed by the body)

N/A = Not Applicable

NTU = Nephelometric Turbidity Units (a measure of water clarity)

pCi/l = picocuries per liter (a measure of radioactivity)

ppm = parts per million, or milligrams per liter (mg/l)

ppb = parts per billion, or micrograms per liter (µg/l)

ppt = parts per trillion, or nanograms per liter

ppq = parts per quadrillion, or picograms per liter

TT = Treatment Technique

[65 FR 26024, May 4, 2000, as amended at 65 FR 76749, Dec. 7, 2000; 66 FR 7064, Jan. 22, 2001; 67 FR 70855, Nov. 27, 2002; 67 FR 73011, Dec. 9, 2002; 68 FR 14506, Mar. 25, 2003; 71 FR 65652, Nov. 8, 2006; 78 FR 10349, Feb. 13, 2013]

Appendix A to Subpart Q of Part 141 - NPDWR Violations and Other Situations Requiring Public Notice 1

40:25.0.1.1.3.16.16.12.7 : Appendix A

Appendix A to Subpart Q of Part 141 - NPDWR Violations and Other Situations Requiring Public Notice 1 Link to an amendment published at 86 FR 4310, Jan. 15, 2021.

Contaminant	MCL/MRDL/TT violations ²		Monitoring & testing procedure violations
Contaminant	Tier of public notice required	Citation	Tier of public notice required	Citation
I. Violations of National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR): ³
A. Microbiological Contaminants
1.a Total coliform bacteria †	2	141.63(a)	3	141.21(a)-(e).
1.b Total coliform (TT violations resulting from failure to perform assessments or corrective actions, monitoring violations, and reporting violations) ‡	2	141.860(b)(1)	3	141.860(c)(1).
				141.860(d)(1).
1.c Seasonal system failure to follow State-approved start-up plan prior to serving water to the public or failure to provide certification to State ‡	2	141.860(b)(2)	3	141.860(d)(3).
2.a Fecal coliform/E. coli †	1	141.63(b)	⁴ 1,3	141.21(e)
2.b E. coli (MCL, monitoring, and reporting violations) ‡	1	141.860 (a)	3	141.860(c)(2)
				141.860(d)(1).
				141.860(d)(2).
2.c E. coli (TT violations resulting from failure to perform level 2 Assessments or corrective action) ‡	2	141.860(b)(1)
3. Turbidity MCL	2	141.13(a)	3	141.22
4. Turbidity MCL (average of 2 days' samples >5 NTU)	⁵ 2, 1	141.13(b)	3	141.22
5. Turbidity (for TT violations resulting from a single exceedance of maximum allowable turbidity level)	⁶ 2, 1	141.71(a)(2), 141.71(c)(2)(i), 141.73(a)(2), 141.73 (b)(2), 141.73 (c)(2), 141.73(d), 141.173(a)(2), 141.173(b), 141.551(b)	3	141.74(a)(1), 141.74(b)(2), 141.74(c)(1), 141.174, 141.560(a)-(c), 141.561.
6. Surface Water Treatment Rule violations, other than violations resulting from single exceedance of max. allowable turbidity level (TT)	2	141.70-141.73	3	141.74
7. Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule violations, other than violations resulting from single exceedance of max. turbidity level (TT)	⁷ 2	141.170-141.173, 141.500-141.553	3	141.172, 141.174, 141.530-141.544, 141.560-141.564.
8. Filter Backwash Recycling Rule violations	2	141.76(c)	3	141.76(b), (d)
9. Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule violations	2	141.500-141.553	3	141.530-141.544, 141.560-141.564.
10. LT2ESWTR violations	2	141.710-141.720	²² 2, 3	141.701-141.705 and 141.708-141.709.
11. Ground Water Rule violations	2	141.404	3	141.402(h), 141.403(d).
B. Inorganic Chemicals (IOCs)
1. Antimony	2	141.62(b)	3	141.23(a), (c)
2. Arsenic	2	⁸ 141.62(b)	3	¹¹ 141.23(a), (c)
3. Asbestos (fibers >10 µm)	2	141.62(b)	3	141.23(a)-(b)
4. Barium	2	141.62(b)	3	141.23(a), (c)
5. Beryllium	2	141.62(b)	3	141.23(a), (c)
6. Cadmium	2	141.62(b)	3	141.23(a), (c)
7. Chromium (total)	2	141.62(b)	3	141.23(a), (c)
8. Cyanide	2	141.62(b)	3	141.23(a), (c)
9. Fluoride	2	141.62(b)	3	141.23(a), (c)
10. Mercury (inorganic)	2	141.62(b)	3	141.23(a), (c)
11. Nitrate	1	141.62(b)	¹² 1, 3	141.23(a), (d), 141.23(f)(2)
12. Nitrite	1	141.62(b)	¹² 1, 3	141.23(a), (e), 141.23(f)(2)
13. Total Nitrate and Nitrite	1	141.62(b)	3	141.23(a)
14. Selenium	2	141.62(b)	3	141.23(a), (c)
15. Thallium	2	141.62(b)	3	141.23(a), (c)
C. Lead and Copper Rule (Action Level for lead is 0.015 mg/L, for copper is 1.3 mg/L)
1. Lead and Copper Rule (TT)	2	141.80-141.85	3	141.86-141.89
D. Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOCs)
1. 2,4-D	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
2. 2,4,5-TP (Silvex)	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
3. Alachlor	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
4. Atrazine	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
5. Benzo(a)pyrene (PAHs)	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
6. Carbofuran	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
7. Chlordane	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
8. Dalapon	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
9. Di (2-ethylhexyl) adipate	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
10. Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
11. Dibromochloropropane	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
12. Dinoseb	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
13. Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD)	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
14. Diquat	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
15. Endothall	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
16. Endrin	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
17. Ethylene dibromide	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
18. Glyphosate	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
19. Heptachlor	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
20. Heptachlor epoxide	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
21. Hexachlorobenzene	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
22. Hexachlorocyclo-pentadiene	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
23. Lindane	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
24. Methoxychlor	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
25. Oxamyl (Vydate)	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
26. Pentachlorophenol	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
27. Picloram	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
28. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
29. Simazine	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
30. Toxaphene	2	141.61(c)	3	141.24(h)
E. Volatile Organic Chemicals (VOCs)
1. Benzene	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
2. Carbon tetrachloride	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
3. Chlorobenzene (monochlorobenzene)	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
4. o-Dichlorobenzene	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
5. p-Dichlorobenzene	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
6. 1,2-Dichloroethane	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
7. 1,1-Dichloroethylene	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
8. cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
9. trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
10. Dichloromethane	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
11. 1,2-Dichloropropane	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
12. Ethylbenzene	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
13. Styrene	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
14. Tetrachloroethylene	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
15. Toluene	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
16. 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
17. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
18. 1,1,2-Trichloroethane	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
19. Trichloroethylene	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
20. Vinyl chloride	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
21. Xylenes (total)	2	141.61(a)	3	141.24(f)
F. Radioactive Contaminants
1. Beta/photon emitters	2	141.66(d)	3	141.25(a) 141.26(b)
2. Alpha emitters	2	141.66(c)	3	141.25(a) 141.26(a)
3. Combined radium (226 and 228)	2	141.66(b)	3	141.25(a) 141.26(a)
4. Uranium	⁹ 2	141.66(e)	¹⁰ 3	141.25(a) 141.26(a)
G. Disinfection Byproducts (DBPs), Byproduct Precursors, Disinfectant Residuals. Where disinfection is used in the treatment of drinking water, disinfectants combine with organic and inorganic matter present in water to form chemicals called disinfection byproducts (DBPs). EPA sets standards for controlling the levels of disinfectants and DBPs in drinking water, including trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). ¹³
1. Total trihalomethanes (TTHMs)	2	¹⁴ 141.64(b)	3	141.132(a)-(b), 141.600-141.605, 141.620-141.629
2. Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)	2	141.64(b)	3	141.132(a)-(b), 141.600-141.605, 141.620-141.629
3. Bromate	2	141.64(a)	3	141.132(a)-(b)
4. Chlorite	2	141.64(a)	3	141.132(a)-(b)
5. Chlorine (MRDL)	2	141.65(a)	3	141.132(a), (c)
6. Chloramine (MRDL)	2	141.65(a)	3	141.132(a), (c)
7. Chlorine dioxide (MRDL), where any 2 consecutive daily samples at entrance to distribution system only are above MRDL	2	141.65(a), 141.133(c)(3)	2 ¹⁵, 3	141.132(a), (c), 141.133(c)(2)
8. Chlorine dioxide (MRDL), where sample(s) in distribution system the next day are also above MRDL	¹⁶ 1	141.65(a), 141.133(c)(3)	1	141.132(a), (c), 141.133(c)(2)
9. Control of DBP precursors - TOC (TT)	2	141.135(a)-(b)	3	141.132(a), (d)
10. Bench marking and disinfection profiling	N/A	N/A	3	141.172 141.530-141.544.
11. Development of monitoring plan	N/A	N/A	3	141.132(f)
H. Other Treatment Techniques
1. Acrylamide (TT)	2	141.111	N/A	N/A
2. Epichlorohydrin (TT)	2	141.111	N/A	N/A
II. Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring: ¹⁷
A. Unregulated contaminants	N/A	N/A	3	141.40
B. Nickel	N/A	N/A	3	141.23(c), (k)
III. Public Notification for Variances and Exemptions:
A. Operation under a variance or exemption	3	¹⁸ 1415, 1416,	N/A	N/A
B. Violation of conditions of a variance or exemption	2	1415, 1416, ¹⁹ 142.307	N/A	N/A
IV. Other Situations Requiring Public Notification:
A. Fluoride secondary maximum contaminant level (SMCL) exceedance	3	143.3	N/A	N/A
B. Exceedance of nitrate MCL for non-community systems, as allowed by primacy agency	1	141.11(d)	N/A	N/A
C. Availability of unregulated contaminant monitoring data	3	141.40	N/A	N/A
D. Waterborne disease outbreak	1	141.2, 141.71(c)(2)(ii)	N/A	N/A
E. Other waterborne emergency ²⁰	1	N/A	N/A	N/A
F. Source Water Sample Positive for GWR Fecal indicators: E. coli, enterococci, or coliphage	1	141.402(g)	N/A	N/A
G. Other situations as determined by primacy agency	²¹ 1, 2, 3	N/A	N/A	N/A

Appendix A - Endnotes

† Until March 31, 2016.

‡ Beginning April 1, 2016.

1. Violations and other situations not listed in this table (e.g., failure to prepare Consumer Confidence Reports), do not require notice, unless otherwise determined by the primacy agency. Primacy agencies may, at their option, also require a more stringent public notice tier (e.g., Tier 1 instead of Tier 2 or Tier 2 instead of Tier 3) for specific violations and situations listed in this Appendix, as authorized under § 141.202(a) and § 141.203(a).

2. MCL - Maximum contaminant level, MRDL - Maximum residual disinfectant level, TT - Treatment technique

3. The term Violations of National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR) is used here to include violations of MCL, MRDL, treatment technique, monitoring, and testing procedure requirements.

4. Failure to test for fecal coliform or E. coli is a Tier 1 violation if testing is not done after any repeat sample tests positive for coliform. All other total coliform monitoring and testing procedure violations are Tier 3.

5. Systems that violate the turbidity MCL of 5 NTU based on an average of measurements over two consecutive days must consult with the primacy agency within 24 hours after learning of the violation. Based on this consultation, the primacy agency may subsequently decide to elevate the violation to Tier 1. If a system is unable to make contact with the primacy agency in the 24-hour period, the violation is automatically elevated to Tier 1.

6. Systems with treatment technique violations involving a single exceedance of a maximum turbidity limit under the Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR), the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (IESWTR), or the Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT1ESWTR) are required to consult with the primacy agency within 24 hours after learning of the violation. Based on this consultation, the primacy agency may subsequently decide to elevate the violation to Tier 1. If a system is unable to make contact with the primacy agency in the 24-hour period, the violation is automatically elevated to Tier 1.

7. Most of the requirements of the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (63 FR 69477) (§§ 141.170-141.171, 141.173-141.174) become effective January 1, 2002 for Subpart H systems (surface water systems and ground water systems under the direct influence of surface water) serving at least 10,000 persons. However, § 141.172 has some requirements that become effective as early as April 16, 1999. The Surface Water Treatment Rule remains in effect for systems serving at least 10,000 persons even after 2002; the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule adds additional requirements and does not in many cases supercede the SWTR.

8. The arsenic MCL citations are effective January 23, 2006. Until then, the citations are § 141.11(b) and § 141.23(n).

9. The uranium MCL Tier 2 violation citations are effective December 8, 2003 for all community water systems.

10. The uranium Tier 3 violation citations are effective December 8, 2000 for all community water systems.

11. The arsenic Tier 3 violation MCL citations are effective January 23, 2006. Until then, the citations are § 141.23(a), (l).

12. Failure to take a confirmation sample within 24 hours for nitrate or nitrite after an initial sample exceeds the MCL is a Tier 1 violation. Other monitoring violations for nitrate are Tier 3.

13. Subpart H community and non-transient non-community systems serving ≥10,000 must comply with new DBP MCLs, disinfectant MRDLs, and related monitoring requirements beginning January 1, 2002. All other community and non-transient non-community systems must meet the MCLs and MRDLs beginning January 1, 2004. Subpart H transient non-community systems serving 10,000 or more persons and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant must comply with the chlorine dioxide MRDL beginning January 1, 2002. Subpart H transient non-community systems serving fewer than 10,000 persons and using only ground water not under the direct influence of surface water and using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant must comply with the chlorine dioxide MRDL beginning January 1, 2004.

14. §§ 141.64(b)(1) 141.132(a)-(b) apply until §§ 141.620-141.630 take effect under the schedule in § 141.620(c).

15. Failure to monitor for chlorine dioxide at the entrance to the distribution system the day after exceeding the MRDL at the entrance to the distribution system is a Tier 2 violation.

16. If any daily sample taken at the entrance to the distribution system exceeds the MRDL for chlorine dioxide and one or more samples taken in the distribution system the next day exceed the MRDL, Tier 1 notification is required. Failure to take the required samples in the distribution system after the MRDL is exceeded at the entry point also triggers Tier 1 notification.

17. Some water systems must monitor for certain unregulated contaminants listed in § 141.40.

18. This citation refers to §§ 1415 and 1416 of the Safe Drinking Water Act. §§ 1415 and 1416 require that “a schedule prescribed. . . for a public water system granted a variance [or exemption] shall require compliance by the system. . .”

19. In addition to §§ 1415 and 1416 of the Safe Drinking Water Act, 40 CFR 142.307 specifies the items and schedule milestones that must be included in a variance for small systems.

20. Other waterborne emergencies require a Tier 1 public notice under § 141.202(a) for situations that do not meet the definition of a waterborne disease outbreak given in 40 CFR 141.2 but that still have the potential to have serious adverse effects on health as a result of short-term exposure. These could include outbreaks not related to treatment deficiencies, as well as situations that have the potential to cause outbreaks, such as failures or significant interruption in water treatment processes, natural disasters that disrupt the water supply or distribution system, chemical spills, or unexpected loading of possible pathogens into the source water.

21. Primacy agencies may place other situations in any tier they believe appropriate, based on threat to public health.

22. Failure to collect three or more samples for Cryptosporidium analysis is a Tier 2 violation requiring special notice as specified in § 141.211. All other monitoring and testing procedure violations are Tier 3.

[65 FR 26035, May 4, 2000, as amended at 65 FR 76750, Dec. 7, 2000; 66 FR 7065, Jan. 22, 2001; 66 FR 31104, June 8, 2001; 67 FR 1836, Jan. 14, 2002; 69 FR 38856, June 29, 2004; 71 FR 483, Jan. 4, 2006; 71 FR 768, Jan. 5, 2006; 71 FR 65652, Nov. 8, 2006; 78 FR 10350, Feb. 13, 2013; 79 FR 10669, Feb. 26, 2014]

Contaminant	Methodology	EPA method	SM 21st edition ¹	SM 22nd edition, ²⁸ SM 23rd edition ⁴⁹	ASTM ⁴	SM Online ³
Naturally Occurring:
Gross alpha and beta	Evaporation	900.0, Rev. 1.0 ⁵⁰	7110 B	7110 B
	Liquid Scintillation				D 7283-17	7110 D-17.
Gross alpha	Coprecipitation		7110 C	7110 C
Radium 226	Radon emanation		7500-Ra C	7500-Ra C	D 3454-05
	Radiochemical		7500-Ra B	7500-Ra B	D 2460-07
	Gamma Spectrometry			7500-Ra E		7500-Ra E-07.
Radium 228	Radiochemical		7500-Ra D	7500-Ra D
	Gamma Spectrometry			7500Ra-E		7500-Ra E-07.
Uranium	Radiochemical		7500-U B	7500-U B
	ICP-MS		3125		D 5673-05, 10, 16
	Alpha spectrometry		7500-U C	7500-U C	D 3972-09
	Laser Phosphorimetry				D 5174-07
	Alpha Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry				D 6239-09
Man-Made:
Radioactive Cesium	Radiochemical		7500-Cs B	7500-Cs B
	Gamma Ray Spectrometry		7120	7120	D 3649-06
Radioactive Iodine	Radiochemical		7500-I B	7500-I B	D 3649-06
			7500-I C	7500-I C
			7500-I D	7500-I D
	Gamma Ray Spectrometry		7120	7120	D 4785-08
Radioactive Strontium 89, 90	Radiochemical		7500-Sr B	7500-Sr B
Tritium	Liquid Scintillation		7500- ³H B	7500- ³H B	D 4107-08
Gamma Emitters	Gamma Ray		7120	7120	D 3649-06
	Spectrometry		7500-Cs B	7500-Cs B	D 4785-08
			7500-I B	7500-I B

Title 40

PART 141 APPENDIX A

Appendix A to Subpart C of Part 141 - Alternative Testing Methods Approved for Analyses Under the Safe Drinking Water Act

40:25.0.1.1.3.3.16.10.5 : Appendix A

Appendix A to Subpart O of Part 141 - Regulated Contaminants

40:25.0.1.1.3.14.16.6.6 : Appendix A

Appendix A to Subpart Q of Part 141 - NPDWR Violations and Other Situations Requiring Public Notice 1

40:25.0.1.1.3.16.16.12.7 : Appendix A

Organism	Methodology	SM 21st Edition ¹	SM 22nd Edition ²⁸	SM Online ³	Other
Total Coliforms	Total Coliform Fermentation Technique	9221 A, B	9221 A, B	9221 A,B-06
	Total Coliform Membrane Filter Technique	9222 A, B, C
	Presence-Absence (P-A) Coliform Test	9221 D
	ONPG-MUG Test	9223	9223 B	9223 B-04
	Colitag ^TM				Modified Colitag ^TM ¹³
	Tecta EC/TC ³³

Organism	Methodology	SM 20th Edition ⁶	SM 21st Edition ¹	SM 22nd Edition ²⁸	SM Online ³	Other
E.coli	ONPG-MUG Test	9223 B	9223 B	9223 B	9223 B-97, B-04
	Colitag ^TM					Modified Colitag ^TM ¹³
	Tecta EC/TC ³³

Contaminant	Methodology	EPA method	ASTM ⁴	SM online ³	SM 21st edition ¹	SM 22nd edition, ²⁸ SM 23rd edition ⁴⁹	Other
TTHM	P&T/GC/MS	524.3, ⁹ 524.4. ²⁹
HAA5	LLE (diazomethane)/GC/ECD			6251 B-07	6251 B	6251 B.
	Ion Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (IC-ESI-MS/MS)	557. ¹⁴
	Two-Dimensional Ion Chromatography (IC) with Suppressed Conductivity Detection						Thermo Fisher 557.1. ⁴⁷
Bromate	Two-Dimensional Ion Chromatography (IC)	302.0. ¹⁸
	Ion Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry (IC-ESI-MS/MS)	557. ¹⁴
	Chemically Suppressed Ion Chromatography		D 6581-08 A.
	Electrolytically Suppressed Ion Chromatography		D 6581-08 B.
Chlorite	Chemically Suppressed Ion Chromatography		D 6581-08 A.
	Electrolytically Suppressed Ion Chromatography		D 6581-08 B.
Chlorite - daily monitoring as prescribed in 40 CFR 141.132(b)(2)(i)(A)	Amperometric Titration				4500-ClO2 E	4500-ClO2 E.
	Amperometric Sensor						ChlordioX Plus. ³²

Organism	Methodology	SM 20th edition ⁶	SM 21st edition ¹	SM 22nd edition ²⁸	SM 23rd edition ⁴⁹	SM online ³	Other
E. coli	Colilert		9223 B	9223 B	9223 B	9223 B-97, B-04.
	Colisure		9223 B	9223 B	9223 B	9223 B-97, B-04.
	Colilert-18	9223 B	9223 B	9223 B	9223 B	9223 B-97, B-04.
	Readycult®						Readycult®. ²⁰
	Colitag						Modified Colitag.TM ¹³
	Chromocult®						Chromocult®. ²¹
	EC-MUG			9221 F	9221 F	9221 F-06.
	NA-MUG				9222 I.
	m-ColiBlue24 Test				9222 J.
	Tecta EC/TC ³³ ⁴³
Enterococci	Multiple-Tube Technique					9230 B-04.
	Membrane Filter Techniques				9230 C.
	Fluorogenic Substrate Enterococcus Test (using Enterolert)				9230 D.
Coliphage	Two-Step Enrichment Presence-Absence Procedure						Fast Phage. ³⁰