Title 40
PART 82 APPENDIX b
| Controlled substance | ODP |
|---|---|
| 1. HCFC-21 (CHFCl2) Dichlorofluoromethane | 0.04 |
| 2. HCFC-22 (CHF2Cl) Monochlorodifluoromethane | 0.055 |
| 3. HCFC-31 (CH2FCl) Monochlorofluoromethane | 0.02 |
| 4. HCFC-121 (C2HFCl4) Tetrachlorofluoroethane | 0.01-0.04 |
| 5. HCFC-122 (C2HF2Cl3) Trichlorodifluoroethane | 0.02-0.08 |
| 6. HCFC-123 (C2HF3Cl2) Dichlorotrifluoroethane | 0.02 |
| 7. HCFC-124 (C2HF4Cl) Monochlorotetrafluoroethane | 0.022 |
| 8. HCFC-131 (C2H2FCl3) Trichlorofluoroethane | 0.007-0.05 |
| 9. HCFC-132 (C2H2F2Cl2) Dichlorodifluoroethane | 0.008-0.05 |
| 10. HCFC-133 (C2H2F3Cl) Monochlorotrifluoroethane | 0.02-0.06 |
| 11. HCFC-141 (C2H3FCl2) Dichlorofluoroethane | 0.005-0.07 |
| 12. HCFC-141b (CH3CFCl2) Dichlorofluoroethane | 0.11 |
| 13. HCFC-142 (C2H3F2Cl) Chlorodifluoroethane | 0.008-0.07 |
| 14. HCFC-142b (CH3CF2Cl) Monochlorodifluoroethane | 0.065 |
| 15. HCFC-151 (C2H4FCl) Chlorofluoroethane | 0.003-0.005 |
| 16. HCFC-221 (C3HFCl6) Hexachlorofluoropropane | 0.015-0.07 |
| 17. HCFC-222 (C3HF2Cl5) Pentachlorodifluoropropane | 0.01-0.09 |
| 18. HCFC-223 (C3HF3Cl4) Tetrachlorotrifluoropropane | 0.01-0.08 |
| 19. HCFC-224 (C3HF4Cl3) Trichlorotetrafluoropropane | 0.01-0.09 |
| 20. HCFC-225 (C3HF5Cl2) Dichloropentafluoropropane | 0.02-0.07 |
| 21. HCFC-225ca (CF3CF2CHCl2) Dichloropentafluoropropane | 0.025 |
| 22. HCFC-225cb (CF2ClCF2CHClF) Dichloropentafluoropropane | 0.033 |
| 23. HCFC-226 (C3HF6Cl) Monochlorohexafluoropropane | 0.02-0.1 |
| 24. HCFC-231 (C3H2FCl5) Pentachlorofluoropropane | 0.05-0.09 |
| 25. HCFC-232 (C3H2F2Cl4) Tetrachlorodifluoropropane | 0.008-0.1 |
| 26. HCFC-233 (C3H2F3Cl3) Trichlorotrifluoropropane | 0.007-0.23 |
| 27. HCFC-234 (C3H2F4Cl2) Dichlorotetrafluoropropane | 0.01-0.28 |
| 28. HCFC-235 (C3H2F5Cl) Monochloropentafluoropropane | 0.03-0.52 |
| 29. HCFC-241 (C3H3FCl4) Tetrachlorofluoropropane | 0.004-0.09 |
| 30. HCFC-242 (C3H3F2Cl3) Trichlorodifluoropropane | 0.005-0.13 |
| 31. HCFC-243 (C3H3F3Cl2) Dichlorotrifluoropropane | 0.007-0.12 |
| 32. HCFC-244 (C3H3F4Cl) Monochlorotetrafluoropropane | 0.009-0.14 |
| 33. HCFC-251 (C3H4FCl3) Monochlorotetrafluoropropane | 0.001-0.01 |
| 34. HCFC-252 (C3H4F2Cl2) Dichlorodifluoropropane | 0.005-0.04 |
| 35. HCFC-253 (C3H4F3Cl) Monochlorotrifluoropropane | 0.003-0.03 |
| 36. HCFC-261 (C3H5FCl2) Dichlorofluoropropane | 0.002-0.02 |
| 37. HCFC-262 (C3H5F2Cl) Monochlorodifluoropropane | 0.002-0.02 |
| 38. HCFC-271 (C3H6FCl) Monochlorofluoropropane | 0.001-0.03 |
a According to Annex C of the Montreal Protocol, “Where a range of ODPs is indicated, the highest value in that range shall be used for the purposes of the Protocol. The ODPs listed as single value have been determined from calculations based on laboratory measurements. Those listed as a range are based on estimates and are less certain. The range pertains to an isomeric group. The upper value is the estimate of the ODP of the isomer with the highest ODP, and the lower value is the estimate of the ODP of the isomer with the lowest ODP.
b This table includes all isomers of the substances above, regardless of whether the isomer is explicitly listed on its own.
Appendix B to Subpart B of Part 82 - Standard for Recover Equipment
40:21.0.1.1.1.2.1.8.14 : Appendix B
Appendix B to Subpart B of Part 82 - Standard for Recover EquipmentSAE J1989, Recommended Service Procedure for the Containment of R-12, as set forth under Appendix A, also applies to this Appendix B.
SAE J2209, issued June, 1992.
SAE Recommended Practice: CFC-12 (R-12) Extraction Equipment for Mobile Automotive Air-Conditioning Systems ForewordCFCs deplete the stratospheric ozone layer that protects the earth against harmful ultraviolet radiation. To reduce the emissions of CFCs, the 1990 Clean Air Act requires recycle of CFC-12 (R-12) used in mobile air-conditioning systems to eliminate system venting during service operations. SAE J1990 establishes equipment specifications for on-site recovery and reuse of CFCs in mobile air-conditioning systems. Establishing extraction equipment specifications for CFC-12 will provide service facilities with equipment to assure that venting of refrigerant will not occur.
1. ScopeThe purpose of this document is to provide equipment specifications for CFC-12 (R-12) recovery for recycling on-site or for transport off-site to a refrigerant reclamation facility that will process it to ARI (Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute) standard 700-93 as a minimum. It is not acceptable that the refrigerant removed from a mobile air-conditioning system, with this equipment, be directly returned to a mobile air-conditioning system.
This information applies to equipment used to service automobiles, light trucks, and other vehicles with similar CFC-12 systems.
2. References2. Applicable Documents - The following documents form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein.
2.1.1 SAE Publications - Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
SAE J639 - Vehicle Service Coupling SAE J1990 - Extraction and Recycle Equipment for Mobile Automotive Air-Conditioning Systems SAE J2196 - Service Hose for Automotive Air-Conditioning2.1.2 ARI Publications - Available from Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute, 1501 Wilson Boulevard, Sixth Floor, Arlington, VA 22209.
ARI 700-93 - Specifications for Fluorocarbon Refrigerants2.1.3 CGA Publications - Available from CGA, Crystal Gateway #1, Suite 501, 1235 Jefferson Davis Highway, Arlington, VA 22202.
CGA S-1.1 - Pressure Relief Device Standard Part 1 - Cylinders for Compressed Gases2.1.4 DOT Specifications - Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
49 CFR, Section 173.304 - Shippers - General Requirements for Shipments and Packagings2.1.5 UL Publications - Available from Underwriters Laboratories, 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062-2096.
UL 1769 - Cylinder Valves 3. Specifications and General Description3.1 The equipment must be able to extract CFC-12 from a mobile air-conditioning system.
3.2 The equipment discharge or transfer fitting shall be unique to prevent the unintentional use of extracted CFC-12 to be used for recharging auto air conditioners.
3.3 The equipment shall be suitable for use in an automotive service garage environment as defined in 6.8.
3.4 Equipment Certification - The equipment must be certified by Underwriters Laboratories or an equivalent certifying laboratory to meet this standard.
3.5 Label Requirements - The equipment shall have a label “Design Certified by (company name) to meet SAE J2209 for use with CFC-12. The refrigerant from this equipment must be processed to ARI 700-93 specifications before reuse in a mobile air-conditioning system.” The minimum letter size shall be bold type 3mm in height.
4. Safety Requirements4.1 The equipment must comply with applicable federal, state and local requirements on equipment related to the handling of R-12 material. Safety precautions or notices or labels related to the safe operation of the equipment shall also be prominently displayed on the equipment and should also state “CAUTION - SHOULD BE OPERATED BY CERTIFIED PERSONNEL.” The safety identification shall be located on the front near the controls.
4.2 The equipment must comply with applicable safety standards for electrical and mechanical requirements.
5. Operating Instructions5.1 The equipment manufacturer must provide operating instructions, necessary maintenance procedures and source information for replacement parts and repair.
5.2 The equipment must prominently display the manufacturer's name, address and any items that require maintenance or replacement that affect the proper operation of the equipment. Operation manuals must cover information for complete maintenance of the equipment to assure proper operation.
6. Functional Description6.1 The equipment must be capable of ensuring recovery of the CFC-12 from the system being serviced, by reducing the system pressure to a minimum of 102 mm of mercury below atmospheric. To prevent system delayed outgassing, the unit must have a device that assures that the refrigerant has been recovered from the air-conditioning system.
6.1.1 Testing laboratory certification of the equipment capability is required which shall process contaminated refrigerant samples at specific temperatures.
6.2 The equipment must be preconditioned with 13.6 kg of the standard contaminated CFC-12 at an ambient of 21 °C before starting the test cycle. Sample amounts are not to exceed 1.13 kg with sample amounts to be repeated every 5 minutes. The sample method fixture defined in Figure 1 of appendix A shall be operated at 24 °C. Contaminated CFC-12 samples shall be processed at ambient temperatures of 10 and 49 °C.
6.2.1 Contaminated CFC-12 sample.
6.2.2 Standard contaminated CFC-12 refrigerant, 13.6 Kg sample size, shall consist of liquid CFC-12 with 100 ppm (by weight) moisture at 21 °C and 45,000 ppm (by weight) mineral oil 525 suspension nominal and 770 ppm (by weight) of noncondensable gases (air).
6.3 Portable refillable containers used in conjunction with this equipment must meet applicable DOT standards.
6.3.1 The container color must be gray with yellow top to identify that it contains used CFC-12 refrigerant. It must be permanently marked on the outside surface in black print at least 20 mm high “DIRTY R-12 - DO NOT USE, MUST BE REPROCESSED”.
6.3.2 The portable refillable container shall have a SAE 3/8 inch flare male thread connection as identified in SAE J639 CFC-12 High Pressure Charging Valve Figure 2.
6.3.3 During operation the equipment shall provide overfill protection to assure that the storage container liquid fill does not exceed 80% of the tank's rated volume at 21 °C per DOT standard, CFR Title 49, section 173.304 and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
6.4 Additional Storage Tank Requirements.
6.4.1 The cylinder valve shall comply with the standard for cylinder valves, UL 1769.
6.4.2 The pressure relief device shall comply with the pressure relief device standard part 1, CGA pamphlet S-1.1.
6.4.3 The container assembly shall be marked to indicate the first retest date, which shall be 5 years after date of manufacture. The marking shall indicate that retest must be performed every subsequent five years. The marking shall be in letters at least 6 mm high.
6.5 All flexible hoses must meet SAE J2196 standard for service hoses.
6.6 Service hoses must have shutoff devices located within 30 cm of the connection point to the system being serviced to minimize introduction of noncondensable gases into the recovery equipment during connection and the release of the refrigerant during disconnection.
6.7 The equipment must be able to separate the lubricant from the recovered refrigerant and accurately indicate the amount removed from the system during processing in 30 ml units.
6.7.1 The purpose of indicating the amount of lubricant removed is to ensure that a proper amount is returned to the mobile air-conditioning system for compressor lubrication.
6.7.2 Refrigerant dissolved in this lubricant must be accounted for to prevent system lubricant overcharge of the mobile air-conditioning system.
6.7.3 Only new lubricant, as identified by the system manufacturer, should be replaced in the mobile air-conditioning system.
6.7.4 Removed lubricant from the system and/or the equipment shall be disposed of in accordance with applicable federal, state and local procedures and regulations.
6.8 The equipment must be capable of continuous operation in ambient temperatures of 10 °C to 49 °C and comply with 6.1.
6.9 The equipment should be compatible with leak detection material that may be present in the mobile air-conditioning system.
7.0 For test validation, the equipment is to be operated according to the manufacturer's instructions.
[60 FR 21688, May 2, 1995]Appendix B to Subpart G of Part 82 - Substitutes Subject to Use Restrictions and Unacceptable Substitutes
40:21.0.1.1.1.7.1.9.29 : Appendix B
Appendix B to Subpart G of Part 82 - Substitutes Subject to Use Restrictions and Unacceptable SubstitutesRefrigerants - Acceptable Subject to Use Conditions
| Application | Substitute | Decision | Conditions | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CFC-12 Automobile Motor Vehicle Air Conditioning (New Equipment/NIKs only) | HFC-134a | Acceptable subject to use conditions, for passenger cars and light-duty trucks manufactured for Model Year 2020 or earlier, and for vehicles other than passenger cars or light-duty trucks | - must be used with unique
fittings - must be used with detailed labels |
EPA is concerned that the existence of several substitutes in this end-use may increase the likelihood of significant refrigerant cross-contamination and potential failure of both air conditioning systems and recovery/recycling equipment. |
| CFC-12 Automobile Motor Vehicle Air Conditioning (New Equipment/NIKs only) | HCFC Blend Beta (R-416A) | Acceptable subject to use conditions, for passenger cars and light-duty trucks manufactured for Model Year 2016 or earlier, and for vehicles other than passenger cars or light-duty trucks | - must be used with unique
fittings - must be used with detailed labels |
EPA is concerned that the existence of several substitutes in this end-use may increase the likelihood of significant refrigerant cross-contamination and potential failure of both air conditioning systems and recovery/recycling equipment. |
| CFC-12 Automobile Motor Vehicle Air Conditioning (New Equipment/NIKs only) | R-401C | Acceptable subject to use conditions | - must be used with unique
fittings - must be used with detailed labels |
EPA is concerned that the existence of several substitutes in this end-use may increase the likelihood of significant refrigerant cross-contamination and potential failure of both air conditioning systems and recovery/recycling equipment. |
| CFC-12 Automobile Motor Vehicle Air Conditioning (Retrofit Equipment only) | HFC-134a, R-401C, HCFC Blend Beta (R-416A) | Acceptable subject to use conditions | - must be used with unique
fittings - must be used with detailed labels - all CFC-12 must be removed from the system prior to retrofitting Refer to the text for a full description |
EPA is concerned that the existence of several substitutes in this end-use may increase the likelihood of significant refrigerant cross-contamination and potential failure of both air conditioning systems and recovery/recycling equipment. No distinction is made between “retrofit” and “drop-in” refrigerants; retrofitting a car to use a new refrigerant includes all procedures that result in the air conditioning system using a new refrigerant. |
| CFC-12 Automobile Motor Vehicle Air Conditioning (New equipment only) | R-152a as a substitute for CFC-12 | Acceptable subject to use conditions | Engineering strategies and/or
devices shall be incorporated into the system such that foreseeable
leaks into the passenger compartment do not result in R-152a
concentrations of 3.7% v/v or above in any part of the free
space1inside the passenger compartment for more than 15 seconds
when the car ignition is on Manufacturers must adhere to all the safety requirements listed in the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Standard J639 (adopted 2011), including unique fittings and a flammable refrigerant warning label as well as SAE Standard J2773 (adopted February 2011) |
Additional training for
service technicians recommended. Manufacturers should conduct and keep on file failure mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) on the MVAC as stated in SAE J1739. |
| CFC-12 Automobile Motor Vehicle Air Conditioning (New equipment in passenger cars and light-duty trucks only) | HFO-1234yf as a substitute for CFC-12 | Acceptable subject to use conditions | Manufacturers must adhere to all of the safety requirements listed in the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Standard J639 (adopted 2011), including requirements for: unique fittings, flammable refrigerant warning label, high-pressure compressor cutoff switch and pressure relief devices. For connections with refrigerant containers for use in professional servicing (that is, service for consideration, consistent with subpart B to 40 CFR part 82), use fittings consistent with SAE J2844 (revised October 2011) | Additional training for
service technicians recommended. Observe requirements of Significant New Use Rule at 40 CFR 721.10182. HFO-1234yf is also known as 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-prop-1-ene (CAS No 754-12-1). Refrigerant containers of HFO-1234yf for use in professional servicing are from 5 lbs (2.3 L) to 50 lbs (23 L) in size. Requirements for handling, storage, and transportation of compressed gases apply to this refrigerant, such as regulations of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration at 29 CFR 1910.101 and the Department of Transportation's requirements at 49 CFR 171-179. |
| Manufacturers must conduct Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) as provided in SAE J1739 (adopted 2009). Manufacturers must keep the FMEA on file for at least three years from the date of creation | Requirements for handling, storage, and transportation of compressed gases apply to this refrigerant, such as regulations of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration at 29 CFR 1910.101 and the Department of Transportation's requirements at 49 CFR 171-179. | |||
| CFC-12 Motor Vehicle Air Conditioning (New equipment only) | Carbon dioxide (CO2) as a substitute for CFC-12 | Acceptable subject to use conditions | Engineering strategies and/or mitigation devices shall be incorporated such that in the event of refrigerant leaks, the resulting CO2 concentrations do not exceed: | Additional training for service technicians is recommended. |
| The short term exposure level
(STEL) of 3% or 30,000 ppm averaged over 15 minutes in the
passenger free space 1; and; The ceiling limit of 4% or 40,000 ppm in the passenger breathing zone. 2 |
In designing risk mitigation strategies and/or devices, manufacturers should factor in background CO2 concentrations in the passenger cabin potentially contributed from normal respiration by the maximum number of vehicle occupants. | |||
| Vehicle manufacturers must keep records of the tests performed for a minimum period of three years demonstrating that CO2 refrigerant levels do not exceed the STEL of 3% averaged over 15 minutes in the passenger free space, and the ceiling limit of 4% in the breathing zone | Use of the standards SAE J1052, SAE J2772, and SAE J2773 is recommended as additional reference. | |||
| The use of CO2 in MVAC systems
must adhere to the standard conditions identified in SAE Standard
J639 (2011 version) including: Installation of a high pressure system warning label; Installation of a compressor cut-off switch; and Use of unique fittings with: Outside diameter of 16.6 +0/−0.2 mm (0.6535 +0/−0.0078 inches) for the MVAC low-side; Outside diameter of 18.1 +0/−0.2 mm (0.7126 +0/−0.0078 inches) for the MVAC high-side; and Outside diameter of 20.955 +0/−0.127 mm (0.825 +0/−0.005 inches) and right-hand thread direction for CO2 refrigerant service containers. 3 |
Manufacturers should conduct and keep on file Potential Failure Mode and Effects Analysis in Design [Design FMEA], Potential Failure Mode and Effect Analysis in Manufacturing and Assembly Process [Process FMEA] on the MVAC as stated in SAE J1739. | |||
| Motor vehicle air conditioning (newly manufactured medium-duty passenger vehicles) | HFO-1234yf | Acceptable subject to use conditions | As of January 3, 2017: (1) HFO-1234yf MVAC systems must adhere to all of the safety requirements of SAE J639 (adopted 2011), including requirements for a flammable refrigerant warning label, high-pressure compressor cutoff switch and pressure relief devices, and unique fittings. For connections with refrigerant containers for use in professional servicing, use fittings must be consistent with SAE J2844 (revised October 2011) (2) Manufacturers must conduct Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) as provided in SAE J1739 (adopted 2009). Manufacturers must keep the FMEA on file for at least three years from the date of creation |
Additional training for
service technicians recommended. HFO-1234yf is also known as 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-prop-1-ene (CAS. Reg. No. 754-12-1). |
| Motor vehicle air conditioning (newly manufactured heavy-duty pickup trucks) | HFO-1234yf | Acceptable subject to use conditions | As of January 3, 2017: (1) HFO-1234yf MVAC systems must adhere to all of the safety requirements of SAE J639 (adopted 2011), including requirements for a flammable refrigerant warning label, high-pressure compressor cutoff switch and pressure relief devices, and unique fittings. For connections with refrigerant containers for use in professional servicing, use fittings must be consistent with SAE J2844 (revised October 2011) (2) Manufacturers must conduct Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) as provided in SAE J1739 (adopted 2009). Manufacturers must keep the FMEA on file for at least three years from the date of creation |
Additional training for
service technicians recommended. HFO-1234yf is also known as 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-prop-1-ene (CAS No 754-12-1). |
| Motor vehicle air conditioning (newly manufactured complete heavy-duty vans only) | HFO-1234yf | Acceptable subject to use conditions | As of January 3, 2017: (1) HFO-1234yf MVAC systems must adhere to all of the safety requirements of SAE J639 (adopted 2011), including requirements for a flammable refrigerant warning label, high-pressure compressor cutoff switch and pressure relief devices, and unique fittings. For connections with refrigerant containers for use in professional servicing, use fittings must be consistent with SAE J2844 (revised October 2011) (2) Manufacturers must conduct Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) as provided in SAE J1739 (adopted 2009). Manufacturers must keep the FMEA on file for at least three years from the date of creation |
Additional training for
service technicians recommended. HFO-1234yf is also known as 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-prop-1-ene (CAS No 754-12-1). HFO-1234yf is acceptable for complete heavy-duty vans. Complete heavy-duty vans are not altered by a secondary or tertiary manufacturer. |
1 Free space is defined as the space inside the passenger compartment excluding the space enclosed by the ducting in the HVAC module.
2 Area inside the passenger compartment where the driver's and passengers' heads are located during a normal sitting position. Refer to SAE J1052 for information on determining passenger head position.
3 The refrigerant service containers fitting requirement applies only to refrigerant service containers used during servicing of the MVAC, in accordance with the provisions established for MVAC servicing under 40 CFR part 82, subpart B.
The Director of the Federal Register approves the incorporation by reference of the material under “Conditions” in the table “REFRIGERANTS - ACCEPTABLE SUBJECT TO USE CONDITIONS” (5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51). You may obtain a copy from SAE Customer Service, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 USA; email: [email protected]; Telephone: 1-877-606-7323 (U.S. and Canada only) or 1-724-776-4970 (outside the U.S. and Canada); Internet address: http://store.sae.org/dlabout.htm. You may inspect a copy at U.S. EPA's Air Docket; EPA West Building, Room 3334; 1301 Constitution Ave. NW., Washington, DC, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For questions regarding access to these standards, the telephone number of EPA's Air Docket is 202-566-1742. For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html.
Refrigerants - Acceptable Subject to Narrowed Use Limits
| End-use | Substitute | Decision | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, CFC-114, CFC-115 Non-Mechanical Heat Transfer, New | C3 F8, C4 F10, C5 F12, C5 F11 NO, C6 F14, C6 F13 NO, C7 F16, C7 F15 NO, C8 F18, C8 F16 O, and C9 F21 N | Acceptable only where no other alternatives are technically feasible due to safety or performance requirements | Users must observe the
limitations on PFC acceptability by determining that the physical
or chemical properties or other technical constraints of the other
available agents preclude their use. Documentation of such measures
must be available for review upon request. The principal environmental characteristic of concern for PFCs is that they have high GWPs and long atmospheric lifetimes. EPA strongly recommends recovery and recycling of these substitutes. |
| Motor vehicle air conditioning (new equipment in passenger cars and light-duty trucks only) | HFC-134a | Acceptable for use in Model Year (MY) 2021 through MY 2025 passenger cars and light-duty trucks destined for export, where reasonable efforts have been made to ascertain that other alternatives are not technically feasible because of lack of infrastructure for servicing with alternative refrigerants in the destination country | Vehicle manufacturers must
document their determination that the infrastructure is not in
place for each country to which they plan to export vehicles and
must retain the documentation in their files for at least five
years after date of its creation for the purpose of demonstrating
compliance. Documentation is to include descriptions of: • Products in which the substitute is needed; • Substitutes examined and rejected for the destination country; • Reason for rejection of other alternatives; and • Anticipated date other substitutes will be available and projected date of transition in the destination country. |
Refrigerants - Unacceptable Substitutes
| End-use | Substitute | Decision | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, CFC-114, R-500 Centrifugal Chillers (Retrofit and New Equipment/NIKs) | R-405A | Unacceptable | R-405A contains R-c318, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. |
| Hydrocarbon Blend B | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12 Reciprocating Chillers (Retrofit and New Equipment/NIKs) | R-405A | Unacceptable | R-405A contains R-c318, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. |
| Hydrocarbon Blend B | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-11, CFC-12, R-502 Industrial Process Refrigeration (Retrofit and New Equipment/NIKs) | R-403B | Unacceptable | R-403B contains R-218, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. |
| R-405A | Unacceptable | R-405A contains R-c318, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. | |
| CFC-12, R-502 Ice Skating Rinks (Retrofit and New Equipment/NIKs) | R-405A | Unacceptable | R-405A contains R-c318, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. |
| Hydrocarbon Blend B | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, R-502 Cold Storage Warehouses (Retrofit and New Equipment/NIKs) | R-403B | Unacceptable | R-403B contains R-218, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. |
| R-405A | Unacceptable | R-405A contains R-c318, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. | |
| Hydrocarbon Blend B | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, R-500, R-502 Refrigerated Transport (Retrofit and New Equipment/NIKs) | R-403B | Unacceptable | R-403B contains R-218, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. |
| R-405A | Unacceptable | R-405A contains R-c318, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. | |
| Hydrocarbon Blend B | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, R-502 Retail Food Refrigeration (Retrofit and New Equipment/NIKs) | R-403B | Unacceptable | R-403B contains R-218, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. |
| R-405A | Unacceptable | R-405A contains R-c318, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. | |
| Hydrocarbon Blend B | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, R-502 Commercial Ice Machines (Retrofit and New Equipment/NIKs) | R-403B | Unacceptable | R-403B contains R-218, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. |
| R-405A | Unacceptable | R-405A contains R-c318, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. | |
| Hydrocarbon Blend B | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12 Vending Machines (Retrofit and New Equipment/NIKs) | R-405A | Unacceptable | R-405A contains R-c318, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. |
| Hydrocarbon Blend B | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12 Water Coolers (Retrofit and New Equipment/NIKs) | R-405A | Unacceptable | R-405A contains R-c318, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. |
| Hydrocarbon Blend B | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12 Household Refrigerators (Retrofit and New Equipment/NIKs) | R-405A | Unacceptable | R-405A contains R-c318, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. |
| Hydrocarbon Blend B | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, R-502 Household Freezers (Retrofit and New Equipment/NIKs) | R-403B | Unacceptable | R-403B contains R-218, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. |
| R-405A | Unacceptable | R-405A contains R-c318, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. | |
| Hydrocarbon Blend B | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12, R-500 Residential Dehumidifiers (Retrofit and New Equipment/NIKs) | R-405A | Unacceptable | R-405A contains R-c318, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. |
| Hydrocarbon Blend B | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| CFC-12 Motor Vehicle Air Conditioners (Retrofit and New Equipment/NIKs) | R-405A | Unacceptable | R-405A contains R-c318, a PFC, which has an extremely high GWP and lifetime. Other Substitutes exist which do not contain PFCs. |
| Hydrocarbon Blend B | Unacceptable | Flammability is a serious concern. Data have not been submitted to demonstrate it can be used safely in this end-use. | |
| Flammable Substitutes, other than R-152a or HFO-1234yf in new equipment | Unacceptable | The risks associated with using flammable substitutes (except R-152a and HFO-1234yf) in this end-use have not been addressed by a risk assessment. R-152a and HFO-1234yf may be used in new equipment with the use conditions in appendix B to this subpart. | |
| Motor vehicle air conditioning (new equipment in passenger cars and light-duty trucks only) | HFC-134a | Unacceptable as of Model Year 2021 except where allowed under narrowed use limit | HFC-134a has a Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number (CAS Reg. No.) of 811-97-2 and it is also known by the name 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane. HFC-134a has a GWP of 1,430. Other substitutes will be available for this end-use with lower overall risk to human health and the environment by the status change date. |
| This listing does not prohibit the servicing or replacement of motor vehicle air conditioning systems manufactured to use HFC-134a. | |||
| Motor vehicle air conditioning (new equipment in passenger cars and light-duty trucks only) | R-406A, R-414A (HCFC Blend Xi, GHG-X4), R-414B (HCFC Blend Omicron), HCFC Blend Delta (Free Zone), Freeze 12, GHG-X5, HCFC Blend Lambda (GHG-HP), R-416A (FRIGC FR-12, HCFC Blend Beta) | Unacceptable as of Model Year 2017 | These refrigerants all contain HCFCs. They have GWPs ranging from 1,080 to 2,340 and ODPs ranging from 0.008 to 0.056. Other substitutes will be available for this end-use with lower overall risk to human health and the environment by the status change date. |
| Motor vehicle air conditioning (new equipment in passenger cars and light-duty trucks only) | SP34E, R-426A (RS-24, new formulation) | Unacceptable as of Model Year 2017 | These blends have GWPs ranging from approximately 1,410 to 1,510. Other substitutes will be available for this end-use with lower overall risk to human health and the environment by the status change date. |
Solvent Cleaning Sector - Acceptable Subject to Use Conditions Substitutes
| Application | Substitute | Decision | Conditions | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electronics Cleaning w/CFC-113, MCF | HCFC-225 ca/cb | Acceptable | Subject to the company set exposure limit of 25 ppm of the -ca isomer | HCFC-225 ca/cb blend is offered as a 45%-ca/55%-cb blend. The company set exposure limit of the -ca isomer is 25 ppm. The company set exposure limit of the -cb isomer is 250 ppm. It is the Agency's opinion that with the low emission cold cleaning and vapor degreasing equipment designed for this use, the 25 ppm limit of the HCFC-225 ca isomer can be met. The company is submitting further exposure monitoring data. |
| Precision Cleaning w/CFC-113, MCF | HCFC-225 ca/cb | Acceptable | Subject to the company set exposure limit of 25 ppm of the -ca isomer | HCFC-225 ca/cb blend is offered as a 45%-ca/55%-cb blend. The company set exposure limit of the -ca isomer is 25 ppm. The company set exposure limit of the -cb isomer is 250 ppm. It is the Agency's opinion that with the low emission cold cleaning and vapor degreasing equipment designed for this use, the 25 ppm limit of the HCFC-225 ca isomer can be met. The company is submitting further exposure monitoring data. |
Solvent Cleaning Sector - Unacceptable Substitutes
| End use | Substitute | Decision | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Metals cleaning w/CFC-113 | Dibromomethane | Unacceptable | High ODP; other alternatives exist. |
| Metals cleaning w/MCF | Dibromomethane | Unacceptable | High ODP; other alternatives exist. |
| Electronics cleaning w/CFC-113 | Dibromomethane | Unacceptable | High ODP; other alternatives exist. |
| Electronics cleaning w/MCF | Dibromomethane | Unacceptable | High ODP; other alternatives exist. |
| Precision cleaning w/CFC-113 | Dibromomethane | Unacceptable | High ODP; other alternatives exist. |
| Precision cleaning w/MCF | Dibromomethane | Unacceptable | High ODP; other alternatives exist. |
Fire Suppression and Explosion Protection - Acceptable Subject to Use Conditions: Total Flooding Agents
| Application | Substitute | Decision | Conditions | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Halon 1301 Total Flooding Agents | Inert Gas/Powdered Aerosol Blend | Acceptable as a Halon 1301 substitute in normally unoccupied areas | In areas where personnel could possibly be present, as in a cargo area, EPA requires that the employer shall provide a pre-discharge employee alarm capable of being perceived above ambient light or noise levels for alerting employees before system discharge. The pre-discharge alarm shall provide employees time to safely exit the discharge area prior to system discharge | The manufacturer's SNAP
application requested listing for use in unoccupied areas only. See additional comment 2. |
Additional Comments
1 - Must conform with OSHA 29 CFR 1910 Subpart L Section 1910.160 of the U.S. Code. You should use clean agents in accordance with the safety guidelines in the latest edition of the NFPA 2001 Standard for Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems.
2 - Per OSHA requirements, protective gear (SCBA) must be available in the event personnel must enter/reenter the area.
3 - Discharge testing should be strictly limited only to that which is essential to meet safety or performance requirements.
4 - The agent should be recovered from the fire protection system in conjunction with testing or servicing, and recycled for later use or destroyed.
Fire Suppression and Explosion Protection - Acceptable Subject to Narrowed Use Limits: Total Flooding Agents
| End-use | Substitute | Decision | Conditions | Further information |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total flooding | Sulfurhexafluoride (SF6) | Acceptable subject to narrowed use in limits | May be used as a discharge test agent in military uses and in civilian aircraft uses only | This agent has an atmospheric lifetime greater than 1,000 years, with an estimated 100-year, 500-year, and 1,000-year GWP of 16,100, 26,110 and 32,803 respectively. Users should limit testing only to that which is essential to meet safety or performance requirements. |
| This agent is only used to test new Halon 1301 systems. | ||||
| See additional comments 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. | ||||
| Total flooding | CF3I | Acceptable subject to narrowed use limits | Use only in normally unoccupied areas | Use of this agent should be in accordance with the safety guidelines in the latest edition of the NFPA 2001 Standard for Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems. |
| Manufacturer has not applied for listing for use in normally occupied areas. Preliminary cardiosensitization data indicates that this agent would not be suitable for use in normally occupied areas. | ||||
| See additional comments 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. |
Additional comments:
1 - Must conform with relevant OSHA requirements, including 29 CFR 1910, Subpart L, Sections 1910.160 and 1910.162.
2 - Per OSHA requirements, protective gear (SCBA) should be available in the event personnel should reenter the area.
3 - Discharge testing should be strictly limited to that which is essential to meet safety or performance requirements.
4 - The agent should be recovered from the fire protection system in conjunction with testing or servicing, and recycled for later use or destroyed.
5 - EPA has no intention of duplicating or displacing OSHA coverage related to the use of personal protective equipment (e.g., respiratory protection), fire protection, hazard communication, worker training or any other occupational safety and health standard with respect to halon substitutes.
Fire Suppression and Explosion Protection - Unacceptable Substitutes
| Application | Substitute | Decision | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Halon 1301 Total Flooding Agents | HFC-32 | Unacceptable | Data indicate that HFC-32 is flammable and therefore is not suitable as a halon substitute. |